*SET-U

English word origin

Etymology of semi-

Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *sem- Proto-Indo-European *sēmi Latin sēmi-bor. English semi- Borrowed from Latin semi- (“half”), from Proto-Indo-European *sēmi/*sēmi-. Cognate to English sam, and to hemi- (via Ancien

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In this entry · 1 source sections

The source etymologies

Wiktionary via Kaikki / Wiktextract

The source reports below are imported and unreviewed by *SET-U. Separate numbered origins and differing source variants are preserved; agreement within this extraction is not independent corroboration.

Unnumbered source etymology

Original entry ↗
prefix

half · partial, incomplete · somewhat, rather, quasi-

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *sem- Proto-Indo-European *sēmi Latin sēmi-bor. English semi- Borrowed from Latin semi- (“half”), from Proto-Indo-European *sēmi/*sēmi-. Cognate to English sam, and to hemi- (via Ancient Greek).

Relationships mentioned by the source

These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.

  • Root classification mention*sem-ine-pro
  • Borrowed-form mentionsemi-la
  • Derivation mention*sēmiine-pro
  • Cognate mentionsamen
  • Doublet mentionhemi-en
Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

{
  "templates": [
    {
      "name": "etymon",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": ":bor",
        "3": "la:sēmi-",
        "tree": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *sem-\nProto-Indo-European *sēmi\nLatin sēmi-bor.\nEnglish semi-\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*sem-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*sēmi\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"sēmi-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"semi-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"semi-\">"
    },
    {
      "name": "root",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*sem-"
      },
      "expansion": ""
    },
    {
      "name": "bor",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "semi-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "half"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin semi- (“half”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "der",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*sēmi"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *sēmi"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "sam"
      },
      "expansion": "English sam"
    },
    {
      "name": "doublet",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "hemi-",
        "notext": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "hemi-"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek"
    },
    {
      "name": "etymon",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": ":bor",
        "3": "la:sēmi-",
        "tree": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *sem-\nProto-Indo-European *sēmi\nLatin sēmi-bor.\nEnglish semi-"
    }
  ],
  "links": [
    [
      "*sem-",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/sem-"
    ],
    [
      "*sēmi",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/sēmi"
    ],
    [
      "sēmi-",
      "semi-#Latin"
    ],
    [
      "semi-",
      "semi-#Latin"
    ],
    [
      "*sēmi",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/sēmi"
    ],
    [
      "*sēmi-",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/sēmi-"
    ],
    [
      "sam",
      "sam#English"
    ],
    [
      "hemi-",
      "hemi-#English"
    ]
  ],
  "references": [],
  "descendants": [],
  "lexical": [
    {
      "pos": "prefix",
      "glosses": [
        "half",
        "partial, incomplete",
        "somewhat, rather, quasi-"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ],
      "recordId": "037551e410a665b18987462db29a0d28f235750a475bc8afed5b009bafc926ed",
      "rawRecordSha256": "f7dcca47f8b55cfe231cd5e810dcb5519e5cbd0a038fb542080b383e75b9f4d3",
      "sourceRecordOrdinal": 182485
    }
  ],
  "omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
    "templates": 0,
    "links": 0,
    "references": 0,
    "descendants": 0,
    "lexicalRecords": 0,
    "lexicalSenses": 0,
    "glosses": 0
  }
}

Where this record stops

This page does not supply an independently verified sound-change sequence, first-use manuscript or complete family tree unless a cited analysis explicitly establishes one. Missing detail here is a limit of this record—not a claim that humanity knows nothing more.

An older meaning does not determine what a word must mean today. Follow the sources, preserve disagreements, and keep ancestry separate from interpretation.

Contribute located evidence for semi- →

Source and snapshot

Imported from Wiktionary contributors; extracted by Tatu Ylonen / Wiktextract / Kaikki.org. Selected fields are reformatted and grouped; wording, source identity and etymology sections are retained. CC-BY-SA-4.0 applies to the imported source material.

Dump: 2026-10-01 · Extracted: 2026-10-30. These are snapshot dates, not the word’s first attestation or the page’s revision date.

Source entry and bibliography ↗Wiktionary revision history ↗Acquisition and rights ledger
Machine-source provenance
Source SHA-256
5ff2c072f8099f2d2ce484bd6957bf179f046d2ad37bc36555edf8bb84cb5291
Import run
73216b9a9b78ed3830994bf853103716f5a4dc57099e371e9f8fdc468facca26
Permanent entry ID
w-c2VtaS0