*SET-U

English word origin

Etymology of seel

From Middle English sel, sele, from Old English *sǣle (“good, fortunate, happy”) (attested in Old English unsǣle (“evil, wicked”)), from Proto-Germanic *sēliz (“good, happy”), from Proto-Indo-European *sel-, *sēl- (“to c

4 source sectionsExtended source reportWiktionary original ↗
In this entry · 4 source sections

The source etymologies

Wiktionary via Kaikki / Wiktextract

The source reports below are imported and unreviewed by *SET-U. Separate numbered origins and differing source variants are preserved; agreement within this extraction is not independent corroboration.

Source etymology 1

Original entry ↗
adj

Good; fortunate; opportune; happy.

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

From Middle English sel, sele, from Old English *sǣle (“good, fortunate, happy”) (attested in Old English unsǣle (“evil, wicked”)), from Proto-Germanic *sēliz (“good, happy”), from Proto-Indo-European *sel-, *sēl- (“to calm, quiet, be favourable”). Cognate with Danish sæl (“blissful”), Dutch zalig (“blissful”), Gothic 𐍃𐌴𐌻𐍃 (sēls, “good, kind, useful”), Icelandic sæll (“blissful”), Latin sōlor (“to comfort, console”), Swedish säll (“blissful”).

Relationships mentioned by the source

These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.

  • Inherited-form mentionselenm
  • Inherited-form mention*sǣleang · good, fortunate, happy
  • Cognate mentionunsǣleang · evil, wicked
  • Inherited-form mention*sēlizgem-pro · good, happy
  • Derivation mention*sel-ine-pro
  • Cognate mentionsælda · blissful
  • Cognate mentionzalignl · blissful
  • Cognate mention𐍃𐌴𐌻𐍃got · good, kind, useful
  • Cognate mentionsællis · blissful
  • Cognate mentionsōlorla · to comfort, console
  • Cognate mentionsällsv · blissful
Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

{
  "templates": [
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "sel"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English sel"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "*sǣle",
        "t": "good, fortunate, happy"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English *sǣle (“good, fortunate, happy”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "unsǣle",
        "t": "evil, wicked"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English unsǣle (“evil, wicked”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*sēliz",
        "t": "good, happy"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *sēliz (“good, happy”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "der",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*sel-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *sel-"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "da",
        "2": "sæl",
        "t": "blissful"
      },
      "expansion": "Danish sæl (“blissful”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "zalig",
        "t": "blissful"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch zalig (“blissful”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "got",
        "2": "𐍃𐌴𐌻𐍃",
        "t": "good, kind, useful"
      },
      "expansion": "Gothic 𐍃𐌴𐌻𐍃 (sēls, “good, kind, useful”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "is",
        "2": "sæll",
        "t": "blissful"
      },
      "expansion": "Icelandic sæll (“blissful”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "sōlor",
        "t": "to comfort, console"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin sōlor (“to comfort, console”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "sv",
        "2": "säll",
        "t": "blissful"
      },
      "expansion": "Swedish säll (“blissful”)"
    }
  ],
  "links": [
    [
      "sel",
      "sel#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "sele",
      "sele#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "*sǣle",
      "Reconstruction:Old English/sæle"
    ],
    [
      "unsǣle",
      "unsæle#Old_English"
    ],
    [
      "*sēliz",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/sēliz"
    ],
    [
      "*sel-",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/sel-"
    ],
    [
      "*sēl-",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/sēl-"
    ],
    [
      "sæl",
      "sæl#Danish"
    ],
    [
      "zalig",
      "zalig#Dutch"
    ],
    [
      "𐍃𐌴𐌻𐍃",
      "𐍃𐌴𐌻𐍃#Gothic"
    ],
    [
      "sæll",
      "sæll#Icelandic"
    ],
    [
      "sōlor",
      "solor#Latin"
    ],
    [
      "säll",
      "säll#Swedish"
    ]
  ],
  "references": [],
  "descendants": [],
  "lexical": [
    {
      "pos": "adj",
      "glosses": [
        "Good; fortunate; opportune; happy."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ],
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}

Source etymology 2

Original entry ↗
noun

Good fortune; happiness; bliss. · Opportunity; time; season.

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

From Middle English sele, sel, from Old English sǣl (“time, occasion, a fit time, season, opportunity, the definite time at which an event should take place, time as in bad or good times, circumstances, condition, position, happiness, joy, good fortune, good time, prosperity”), from Proto-Germanic *sēliz (“luck, joy”), from Proto-Indo-European *sel-, *sēl- (“to calm, quiet, be favourable”). Cognate with Icelandic sæla (“bliss”), Dutch zalig (“blissful, blessed”). More at silly.

Relationships mentioned by the source

These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.

  • Inherited-form mentionseleenm
  • Inherited-form mentionsǣlang
  • Inherited-form mention*sēlizgem-pro
  • Derivation mention*sel-ine-pro
  • Cognate mentionsælais
  • Cognate mentionzalignl
Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

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  "templates": [
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "sele"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English sele"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "sǣl",
        "4": "",
        "5": "time, occasion, a fit time, season, opportunity, the definite time at which an event should take place, time as in bad or good times, circumstances, condition, position, happiness, joy, good fortune, good time, prosperity"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English sǣl (“time, occasion, a fit time, season, opportunity, the definite time at which an event should take place, time as in bad or good times, circumstances, condition, position, happiness, joy, good fortune, good time, prosperity”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*sēliz",
        "4": "",
        "5": "luck, joy"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *sēliz (“luck, joy”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "der",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*sel-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *sel-"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "is",
        "2": "sæla",
        "3": "",
        "4": "bliss"
      },
      "expansion": "Icelandic sæla (“bliss”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "zalig",
        "3": "",
        "4": "blissful, blessed"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch zalig (“blissful, blessed”)"
    }
  ],
  "links": [
    [
      "sele",
      "sele#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "sel",
      "sel#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "sǣl",
      "sæl#Old_English"
    ],
    [
      "*sēliz",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/sēliz"
    ],
    [
      "*sel-",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/sel-"
    ],
    [
      "*sēl-",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/sēl-"
    ],
    [
      "sæla",
      "sæla#Icelandic"
    ],
    [
      "zalig",
      "zalig#Dutch"
    ],
    [
      "silly",
      "silly#English"
    ]
  ],
  "references": [],
  "descendants": [],
  "lexical": [
    {
      "pos": "noun",
      "glosses": [
        "Good fortune; happiness; bliss.",
        "Opportunity; time; season."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "UK",
        "dialectal"
      ],
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Source etymology 3

Original entry ↗
verb

To sew together the eyelids of a young hawk. · To blind.

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

From Middle English silen, from Old French siller, ciller (“to sew up the eyelids of, hoodwink, wink”), from cil (“eyelid”), from Latin cilium (“eyelid, eyelash”).

Relationships mentioned by the source

These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.

  • Inherited-form mentionsilenenm
  • Derivation mentionsillerfro
  • Derivation mentionciliumla · eyelid, eyelash
Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

{
  "templates": [
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "silen"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English silen"
    },
    {
      "name": "der",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "siller"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French siller"
    },
    {
      "name": "der",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "cilium",
        "t": "eyelid, eyelash"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin cilium (“eyelid, eyelash”)"
    }
  ],
  "links": [
    [
      "silen",
      "silen#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "siller",
      "siller#Old_French"
    ],
    [
      "ciller",
      "ciller#Old_French"
    ],
    [
      "cil",
      "cil#Old_French"
    ],
    [
      "cilium",
      "cilium#Latin"
    ]
  ],
  "references": [],
  "descendants": [],
  "lexical": [
    {
      "pos": "verb",
      "glosses": [
        "To sew together the eyelids of a young hawk.",
        "To blind."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "broadly"
      ],
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Source etymology 4

Original entry ↗
noun

The rolling or agitation of a ship in a storm.

verb

To roll on the waves in a storm.

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

Ultimately from Proto-West Germanic *sīgan (“to drop”). Compare Low German sielen (“to lead off water”), French siller (“to run ahead, to make headway”), and English sile (transitive verb).

Relationships mentioned by the source

These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.

Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

{
  "templates": [
    {
      "name": "der",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*sīgan",
        "t": "to drop"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *sīgan (“to drop”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "nds",
        "2": "sielen",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to lead off water"
      },
      "expansion": "Low German sielen (“to lead off water”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "siller",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to run ahead, to make headway"
      },
      "expansion": "French siller (“to run ahead, to make headway”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "sile"
      },
      "expansion": "English sile"
    }
  ],
  "links": [
    [
      "*sīgan",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/sīgan"
    ],
    [
      "sielen",
      "sielen#Low_German"
    ],
    [
      "siller",
      "siller#French"
    ],
    [
      "sile",
      "sile#English"
    ]
  ],
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        "The rolling or agitation of a ship in a storm."
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Where this record stops

This page does not supply an independently verified sound-change sequence, first-use manuscript or complete family tree unless a cited analysis explicitly establishes one. Missing detail here is a limit of this record—not a claim that humanity knows nothing more.

An older meaning does not determine what a word must mean today. Follow the sources, preserve disagreements, and keep ancestry separate from interpretation.

Contribute located evidence for seel →

Source and snapshot

Imported from Wiktionary contributors; extracted by Tatu Ylonen / Wiktextract / Kaikki.org. Selected fields are reformatted and grouped; wording, source identity and etymology sections are retained. CC-BY-SA-4.0 applies to the imported source material.

Dump: 2026-10-01 · Extracted: 2026-10-30. These are snapshot dates, not the word’s first attestation or the page’s revision date.

Source entry and bibliography ↗Wiktionary revision history ↗Acquisition and rights ledger
Machine-source provenance
Source SHA-256
5ff2c072f8099f2d2ce484bd6957bf179f046d2ad37bc36555edf8bb84cb5291
Import run
73216b9a9b78ed3830994bf853103716f5a4dc57099e371e9f8fdc468facca26
Permanent entry ID
w-c2VlbA