Source etymology 1 · variant 1/2
Original entry ↗verb
Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventoryTo determine the sex of (an animal). · To have sex with. · To have sex.
Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *sek-der. Proto-Indo-European *séks-u-sder. Proto-Italic *seksus Proto-Indo-European *sek- Proto-Indo-European *-yeti Proto-Indo-European *sékh₁yeti Proto-Italic *sekaō Latin secō Latin secāre? Latin sexusder. Old French sexeder. Middle English sexe English sex From Middle English sexe (“sex [distinction between male and female] and gender”), from Old French sexe (“genitals; gender”), from Latin sexus (“gender; gender traits; males or females; genitals”), from Proto-Italic *seksus, from Proto-Indo-European *séksus, from *sek- (“to cut, cut off, sever”), thus meaning "section, division" (into male and female). Displaced native Old English hād (“sex, gender”). Usage for women influenced by Middle French le sexe (“women”) (attested in 1580). Usage for third and additional sexes calqued from French troisième sexe, referring to masculine women in 1817 and homosexuals in 1847. First used by Lord Byron and others in English in reference to Catholic clergy. Usage for sexual intercourse first attested in 1899 (in the writings of H. G. Wells).
Relationships mentioned by the source
These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.
- Root classification mention*sek-ine-pro
- Inherited-form mentionsexeenm · sex [distinction between male and female] and gender
- Derivation mentionsexefro · genitals; gender
- Derivation mentionsexusla · gender; gender traits; males or females; genitals
- Derivation mention*seksusitc-pro
- Derivation mention*séksusine-pro
- Cognate mentionsexefrm · women
- Cognate mentiontroisième sexefr
Inspect preserved source fields
Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.
{
"templates": [
{
"name": "root",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*sek-"
},
"expansion": ""
},
{
"name": "ety",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "enm:sexe<ety:der<fro:sexe<ety:der<la:sexus>>>>",
"id": "reproductive category",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *sek-der.\nProto-Indo-European *séks-u-sder.\nProto-Italic *seksus\nProto-Indo-European *sek-\nProto-Indo-European *-yeti\nProto-Indo-European *sékh₁yeti\nProto-Italic *sekaō\nLatin secō\nLatin secāre?\nLatin sexusder.\nOld French sexeder.\nMiddle English sexe\nEnglish sex\n[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*séks-u-s\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"cut\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*sek-\", \"gloss\" : \"to cut\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*seksus\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" }, { \"terms\" : [ { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*sékh₁yeti\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"id\" : \"cut\", \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"ine-pro\", \"id\" : \"cut\", \"pos\" : \"root\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*sek-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yeti\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*sekaō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"secō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"secāre\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"sexus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"sexe\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"sexe\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"sex\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-id=\"reproductive category\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"sex\" id=\"English:_reproductive_category\">"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "sexe",
"t": "sex [distinction between male and female] and gender"
},
"expansion": "Middle English sexe (“sex [distinction between male and female] and gender”)"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "sexe",
"t": "genitals; gender"
},
"expansion": "Old French sexe (“genitals; gender”)"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "sexus",
"t": "gender; gender traits; males or females; genitals"
},
"expansion": "Latin sexus (“gender; gender traits; males or females; genitals”)"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*seksus"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *seksus"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*séksus"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *séksus"
},
{
"name": "noncog",
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "hād",
"3": "",
"4": "sex, gender"
},
"expansion": "Old English hād (“sex, gender”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "sexe",
"3": "le sexe",
"t": "women"
},
"expansion": "Middle French le sexe (“women”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "troisième sexe"
},
"expansion": "French troisième sexe"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"args": {
"1": "1"
},
"expansion": "¹"
},
{
"name": "ety",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "enm:sexe<ety:der<fro:sexe<ety:der<la:sexus>>>>",
"id": "reproductive category",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *sek-der.\nProto-Indo-European *séks-u-sder.\nProto-Italic *seksus\nProto-Indo-European *sek-\nProto-Indo-European *-yeti\nProto-Indo-European *sékh₁yeti\nProto-Italic *sekaō\nLatin secō\nLatin secāre?\nLatin sexusder.\nOld French sexeder.\nMiddle English sexe\nEnglish sex"
}
],
"links": [
[
"*sek-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/sek-#Proto-Indo-European:_cut"
],
[
"*seksus",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/seksus"
],
[
"*sek-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/sek-#Proto-Indo-European:_cut"
],
[
"*-yeti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-yeti"
],
[
"*sekaō",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/sekaō"
],
[
"secō",
"seco#Latin"
],
[
"secāre",
"secare#Latin"
],
[
"sexus",
"sexus#Latin"
],
[
"sexe",
"sexe#Old_French"
],
[
"sexe",
"sexe#Middle_English"
],
[
"sexe",
"sexe#Middle_English"
],
[
"sexe",
"sexe#Old_French"
],
[
"sexus",
"sexus#Latin"
],
[
"*seksus",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/seksus"
],
[
"*séksus",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/séksus"
],
[
"*sek-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/sek-"
],
[
"hād",
"had#Old_English"
],
[
"women",
"women#English"
],
[
"le sexe",
"sexe#Middle_French"
],
[
"troisième sexe",
"troisième sexe#French"
],
[
"sexual intercourse",
"sexual intercourse#English"
]
],
"references": [],
"descendants": [],
"lexical": [
{
"pos": "verb",
"glosses": [
"To determine the sex of (an animal).",
"To have sex with.",
"To have sex."
],
"tags": [
"transitive",
"US",
"colloquial",
"intransitive"
],
"recordId": "b4cf39274bc957a7f3736a2854792e9f6c92565a6904b8a0fd379759a94f1515",
"rawRecordSha256": "172ab3ac53e8aff8b65a70127919afbaa87a4e3b18ee93040fbf8681243972fd",
"sourceRecordOrdinal": 134745
}
],
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