*SET-U

English word origin

Etymology of scope

Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *speḱ- Proto-Indo-European *-yeti Proto-Indo-European *spéḱyeti Proto-Hellenic *sképt͏̌omai Ancient Greek σκέπτομαι (sképtomai) Proto-Indo-European *-os Proto-Indo-European *-ós Proto-I

3 source sectionsExtended source reportWiktionary original ↗
In this entry · 3 source sections

The source etymologies

Wiktionary via Kaikki / Wiktextract

The source reports below are imported and unreviewed by *SET-U. Separate numbered origins and differing source variants are preserved; agreement within this extraction is not independent corroboration.

Source etymology 1 · variant 1/2

Original entry ↗
verb

To perform a cursory investigation of; scope out. · To perform any medical procedure that ends in the suffix -scopy, such as endoscopy, colonoscopy, bronchoscopy, etc. · To define the scope of something. · To limit (an object or variable) to a certain region of program source code.

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *speḱ- Proto-Indo-European *-yeti Proto-Indo-European *spéḱyeti Proto-Hellenic *sképt͏̌omai Ancient Greek σκέπτομαι (sképtomai) Proto-Indo-European *-os Proto-Indo-European *-ós Proto-Indo-European *-ós Proto-Hellenic *-ós ▲ Ancient Greek -ος (-os)influ. Ancient Greek -ός (-ós) Ancient Greek σκοπός (skopós)bor. Late Latin scopusder. Italian scopoder. English scope From Italian scopo (“purpose”), from Latin scopus (“target”), from Ancient Greek σκοπός (skopós), from σκέπτομαι (sképtomai), from Proto-Indo-European *speḱ-. Etymologically related to skeptic and spectrum.

Relationships mentioned by the source

These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.

This page abbreviates 2 auxiliary source items. The etymology narrative is not shortened. Omission counts are available in the audit fields below; consult the original for complete auxiliary material.

Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

{
  "templates": [
    {
      "name": "root",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*speḱ-"
      },
      "expansion": ""
    },
    {
      "name": "etymon",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": ":der",
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      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *speḱ-\nProto-Indo-European *-yeti\nProto-Indo-European *spéḱyeti\nProto-Hellenic *sképt͏̌omai\nAncient Greek σκέπτομαι (sképtomai)\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Indo-European *-ós\nProto-Indo-European *-ós\nProto-Hellenic *-ós\n▲\nAncient Greek -ος (-os)influ.\nAncient Greek -ός (-ós)\nAncient Greek σκοπός (skopós)bor.\nLate Latin scopusder.\nItalian scopoder.\nEnglish scope\n[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"purpose\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"target\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"look at\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"look at\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"be looking at\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"see\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*speḱ-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"forming verbs\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yeti\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*spéḱyeti\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Hellenic\", \"term\" : \"*sképťomai\", \"lang\" : \"grk-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"σκέπτομαι\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" }, { \"id\" : \"stressed o-grade\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"o-grade\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"thematic\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-os\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"possessive\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-ós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-ós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Hellenic\", \"term\" : \"*-ós\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"grk-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" }, { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"influ.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Influenced by\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"o-grade\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"-ος\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"influence\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"-ός\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"σκοπός\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Late Latin\", \"term\" : \"scopus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la-lat\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Italian\", \"term\" : \"scopo\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"it\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"scope\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-id=\"aim\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"scope\" id=\"English:_aim\">"
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      "expansion": "Italian scopo (“purpose”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "der",
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        "2": "la",
        "3": "scopus",
        "4": "",
        "5": "target"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin scopus (“target”)"
    },
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    },
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    }
  ],
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      "*speḱ-",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/speḱ-#Proto-Indo-European:_see"
    ],
    [
      "*-yeti",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-yeti#Proto-Indo-European:_forming_verbs"
    ],
    [
      "*spéḱyeti",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/spéḱyeti#Proto-Indo-European:_be_looking_at"
    ],
    [
      "*sképt͏̌omai",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Hellenic/sképt͏̌omai#Proto-Hellenic:_look_at"
    ],
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      "σκέπτομαι",
      "σκέπτομαι#Ancient_Greek:_look_at"
    ],
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      "*-os",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-os#Proto-Indo-European:_thematic"
    ],
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      "*-ós",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-ós#Proto-Indo-European:_possessive"
    ],
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    ],
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    ]
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        "To perform a cursory investigation of; scope out.",
        "To perform any medical procedure that ends in the suffix -scopy, such as endoscopy, colonoscopy, bronchoscopy, etc.",
        "To define the scope of something.",
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Source etymology 1 · variant 2/2

Original entry ↗
noun

The breadth, depth or reach of a subject; the extent of applicability or relevance; a domain, purview or remit. · A device used in aiming a projectile, through which the person aiming looks at the intended target. · Potential range of action; degree of freedom; opportunity. · The region of program source code in which a given identifier is meaningful, or a given object can be accessed.

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *speḱ- Proto-Indo-European *-yeti Proto-Indo-European *spéḱyeti Proto-Hellenic *sképt͏̌omai Ancient Greek σκέπτομαι (sképtomai) Proto-Indo-European *-os Proto-Indo-European *-ós Proto-Indo-European *-ós Proto-Hellenic *-ós ▲ Ancient Greek -ος (-os)influ. Ancient Greek -ός (-ós) Ancient Greek σκοπός (skopós)bor. Late Latin scopusder. Italian scopoder. English scope From Italian scopo (“purpose”), from Latin scopus (“target”), from Ancient Greek σκοπός (skopós), from σκέπτομαι (sképtomai), from Proto-Indo-European *speḱ-. Etymologically related to skeptic and spectrum.

Relationships mentioned by the source

These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.

This page abbreviates 4 auxiliary source items. The etymology narrative is not shortened. Omission counts are available in the audit fields below; consult the original for complete auxiliary material.

Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

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  "templates": [
    {
      "name": "root",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*speḱ-"
      },
      "expansion": ""
    },
    {
      "name": "etymon",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": ":der",
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      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *speḱ-\nProto-Indo-European *-yeti\nProto-Indo-European *spéḱyeti\nProto-Hellenic *sképt͏̌omai\nAncient Greek σκέπτομαι (sképtomai)\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Indo-European *-ós\nProto-Indo-European *-ós\nProto-Hellenic *-ós\n▲\nAncient Greek -ος (-os)influ.\nAncient Greek -ός (-ós)\nAncient Greek σκοπός (skopós)bor.\nLate Latin scopusder.\nItalian scopoder.\nEnglish scope\n[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"purpose\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"target\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"look at\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"look at\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"be looking at\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"see\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*speḱ-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"forming verbs\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yeti\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*spéḱyeti\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Hellenic\", \"term\" : \"*sképťomai\", \"lang\" : \"grk-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"σκέπτομαι\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" }, { \"id\" : \"stressed o-grade\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"o-grade\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"thematic\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-os\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"possessive\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-ós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-ós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Hellenic\", \"term\" : \"*-ós\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"grk-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" }, { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"influ.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Influenced by\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"o-grade\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"-ος\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"influence\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"-ός\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"σκοπός\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Late Latin\", \"term\" : \"scopus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la-lat\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Italian\", \"term\" : \"scopo\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"it\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"scope\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-id=\"aim\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"scope\" id=\"English:_aim\">"
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    },
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        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "scopus",
        "4": "",
        "5": "target"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin scopus (“target”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "der",
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        "1": "en",
        "2": "grc",
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    },
    {
      "name": "der",
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        "1": "en",
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    },
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    }
  ],
  "links": [
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      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/speḱ-#Proto-Indo-European:_see"
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      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-yeti#Proto-Indo-European:_forming_verbs"
    ],
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      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/spéḱyeti#Proto-Indo-European:_be_looking_at"
    ],
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    ],
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      "σκέπτομαι#Ancient_Greek:_look_at"
    ],
    [
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      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-os#Proto-Indo-European:_thematic"
    ],
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    ],
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    ],
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    ],
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    ],
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      "spectrum#English"
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      "lang_code": "ga",
      "word": "scóp",
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        "borrowed"
      ]
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  "lexical": [
    {
      "pos": "noun",
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        "The breadth, depth or reach of a subject; the extent of applicability or relevance; a domain, purview or remit.",
        "A device used in aiming a projectile, through which the person aiming looks at the intended target.",
        "Potential range of action; degree of freedom; opportunity.",
        "The region of program source code in which a given identifier is meaningful, or a given object can be accessed."
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Source etymology 2

Original entry ↗
noun

A bundle, as of twigs.

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *skeh₂p- Proto-Indo-European *-h₂ Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂ Proto-Indo-European *skoh₂péh₂ Proto-Italic *skōpā Latin scopader. English scope Derived from Latin scopa.

Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

{
  "templates": [
    {
      "name": "etymon",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": ":der",
        "3": "la:scopa",
        "id": "bundle",
        "tree": "1",
        "text": "+"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *skeh₂p-\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₂\nProto-Indo-European *skoh₂péh₂\nProto-Italic *skōpā\nLatin scopader.\nEnglish scope\n[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*skeh₂p-\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"o-grade\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"collective nouns\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-h₂\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-éh₂\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*skoh₂péh₂\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*skōpā\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"scopa\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"scope\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-id=\"bundle\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"scope\" id=\"English:_bundle\">\nDerived from Latin scopa."
    },
    {
      "name": "etymon",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": ":der",
        "3": "la:scopa",
        "id": "bundle",
        "tree": "1",
        "text": "+"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *skeh₂p-\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₂\nProto-Indo-European *skoh₂péh₂\nProto-Italic *skōpā\nLatin scopader.\nEnglish scope\nDerived from Latin scopa."
    }
  ],
  "links": [
    [
      "*skeh₂p-",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/skeh₂p-"
    ],
    [
      "*-h₂",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-h₂#Proto-Indo-European:_collective_nouns"
    ],
    [
      "*-éh₂",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-éh₂#Proto-Indo-European:_o-grade"
    ],
    [
      "*skoh₂péh₂",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/skoh₂péh₂"
    ],
    [
      "*skōpā",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/skōpā"
    ],
    [
      "scopa",
      "scopa#Latin"
    ],
    [
      "scopa",
      "scopa#Latin"
    ]
  ],
  "references": [],
  "descendants": [],
  "lexical": [
    {
      "pos": "noun",
      "glosses": [
        "A bundle, as of twigs."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ],
      "recordId": "dbcc61acd7e840c72c9a45bcc6a114b1a49be265c35b1e6885fdfd81a38d6346",
      "rawRecordSha256": "b13908d8bf5930a56706cca35fc91392fa97af019a47591a198689a695440b73",
      "sourceRecordOrdinal": 271765
    }
  ],
  "omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
    "templates": 0,
    "links": 0,
    "references": 0,
    "descendants": 0,
    "lexicalRecords": 0,
    "lexicalSenses": 0,
    "glosses": 0
  }
}

Where this record stops

This page does not supply an independently verified sound-change sequence, first-use manuscript or complete family tree unless a cited analysis explicitly establishes one. Missing detail here is a limit of this record—not a claim that humanity knows nothing more.

An older meaning does not determine what a word must mean today. Follow the sources, preserve disagreements, and keep ancestry separate from interpretation.

Contribute located evidence for scope →

Source and snapshot

Imported from Wiktionary contributors; extracted by Tatu Ylonen / Wiktextract / Kaikki.org. Selected fields are reformatted and grouped; wording, source identity and etymology sections are retained. CC-BY-SA-4.0 applies to the imported source material.

Dump: 2026-10-01 · Extracted: 2026-10-30. These are snapshot dates, not the word’s first attestation or the page’s revision date.

Source entry and bibliography ↗Wiktionary revision history ↗Acquisition and rights ledger
Machine-source provenance
Source SHA-256
5ff2c072f8099f2d2ce484bd6957bf179f046d2ad37bc36555edf8bb84cb5291
Import run
73216b9a9b78ed3830994bf853103716f5a4dc57099e371e9f8fdc468facca26
Permanent entry ID
w-c2NvcGU