*SET-U

English word origin

Etymology of sard

From Middle English sarde, borrowed from Old French sarde, from Latin sarda, sardius. Doublet of sardius.

2 source sectionsExtended source reportWiktionary original ↗
In this entry · 2 source sections

The source etymologies

Wiktionary via Kaikki / Wiktextract

The source reports below are imported and unreviewed by *SET-U. Separate numbered origins and differing source variants are preserved; agreement within this extraction is not independent corroboration.

Source etymology 1

Original entry ↗
noun

A variety of carnelian, of a rich reddish yellow or brownish red color. · Any of various brownish red earth pigments formerly used in cosmetics and painting; has more yellow, hardly any blue (see puce), is lighter than russet and darker than traditional carnelian.

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

From Middle English sarde, borrowed from Old French sarde, from Latin sarda, sardius. Doublet of sardius.

Relationships mentioned by the source

These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.

Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

{
  "templates": [
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "sarde"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English sarde"
    },
    {
      "name": "der",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "sarde"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French sarde"
    },
    {
      "name": "der",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "sarda"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin sarda"
    },
    {
      "name": "doublet",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "sardius"
      },
      "expansion": "Doublet of sardius"
    }
  ],
  "links": [
    [
      "sarde",
      "sarde#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "sarde",
      "sarde#Old_French"
    ],
    [
      "sarda",
      "sarda#Latin"
    ],
    [
      "sardius",
      "sardius#Latin"
    ],
    [
      "sardius",
      "sardius#English"
    ]
  ],
  "references": [],
  "descendants": [],
  "lexical": [
    {
      "pos": "noun",
      "glosses": [
        "A variety of carnelian, of a rich reddish yellow or brownish red color.",
        "Any of various brownish red earth pigments formerly used in cosmetics and painting; has more yellow, hardly any blue (see puce), is lighter than russet and darker than traditional carnelian."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "recordId": "0592a00e56d5e2572674146f7a3113224058420a7a9b4d9d19d93eb85cca2c1d",
      "rawRecordSha256": "392166b6901dbeb3e33a30cea08739054d790ba8b0c23770bcb6aee76f0fdcc9",
      "sourceRecordOrdinal": 239268
    }
  ],
  "omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
    "templates": 0,
    "links": 0,
    "references": 0,
    "descendants": 0,
    "lexicalRecords": 0,
    "lexicalSenses": 0,
    "glosses": 0
  }
}

Source etymology 2

Original entry ↗
verb

To have sexual intercourse with (a woman).

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

From Middle English serden, from Old English seorþan (“to violate, rape”), from Proto-Germanic *serþaną, from Proto-Indo-European *sert- (“to hit”).

Relationships mentioned by the source

These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.

  • Inherited-form mentionserdenenm
  • Inherited-form mentionseorþanang · to violate, rape
  • Derivation mention*serþanągem-pro
  • Derivation mention*sert-ine-pro · to hit
Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

{
  "templates": [
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "serden"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English serden"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "seorþan",
        "t": "to violate, rape"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English seorþan (“to violate, rape”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "der",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*serþaną"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *serþaną"
    },
    {
      "name": "der",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*sert-",
        "t": "to hit"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *sert- (“to hit”)"
    }
  ],
  "links": [
    [
      "serden",
      "serden#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "seorþan",
      "seorþan#Old_English"
    ],
    [
      "*serþaną",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/serþaną"
    ],
    [
      "*sert-",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/sert-"
    ]
  ],
  "references": [],
  "descendants": [],
  "lexical": [
    {
      "pos": "verb",
      "glosses": [
        "To have sexual intercourse with (a woman)."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ],
      "recordId": "27717f7def53cd12e4297031e58045006bed5b30d173c802e905ac5848aebb3c",
      "rawRecordSha256": "9d51a495cc1b1759ca2c9c32f655f9b76295f5c2102ff646274aae870cc8f54e",
      "sourceRecordOrdinal": 239269
    }
  ],
  "omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
    "templates": 0,
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    "lexicalRecords": 0,
    "lexicalSenses": 0,
    "glosses": 0
  }
}

Where this record stops

This page does not supply an independently verified sound-change sequence, first-use manuscript or complete family tree unless a cited analysis explicitly establishes one. Missing detail here is a limit of this record—not a claim that humanity knows nothing more.

An older meaning does not determine what a word must mean today. Follow the sources, preserve disagreements, and keep ancestry separate from interpretation.

Contribute located evidence for sard →

Source and snapshot

Imported from Wiktionary contributors; extracted by Tatu Ylonen / Wiktextract / Kaikki.org. Selected fields are reformatted and grouped; wording, source identity and etymology sections are retained. CC-BY-SA-4.0 applies to the imported source material.

Dump: 2026-10-01 · Extracted: 2026-10-30. These are snapshot dates, not the word’s first attestation or the page’s revision date.

Source entry and bibliography ↗Wiktionary revision history ↗Acquisition and rights ledger
Machine-source provenance
Source SHA-256
5ff2c072f8099f2d2ce484bd6957bf179f046d2ad37bc36555edf8bb84cb5291
Import run
73216b9a9b78ed3830994bf853103716f5a4dc57099e371e9f8fdc468facca26
Permanent entry ID
w-c2FyZA