Unnumbered source etymology
Original entry ↗conj
Unless; except.
prep
Except; with the exception of.
noun
An instance of preventing (further) harm or difficulty. · In various sports, a block that prevents an opponent from scoring. · A successful attempt by a relief pitcher to preserve the win of another pitcher on one's team. · A point in a professional wrestling match when one or more wrestlers run to the ring to aid a fellow wrestler who is being beaten.
verb
Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventoryTo help (somebody) to survive, or rescue (somebody or something) from harm. · To keep (something) safe; to safeguard. · To spare (somebody) (from effort, or from something undesirable). · To redeem, protect, rescue, or keep (someone) from eternal damnation.
Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *solh₂-der. Proto-Italic *sal(V)wos Latin salvus Proto-Indo-European *-h₂ Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂ Proto-Indo-European *-yéti Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti Proto-Indo-European *-h₂tiinflu. Proto-Italic *-ājō Proto-Italic *-āō Latin -ō Latin salvō Latin salvāre Old French sauverbor. Middle English saven English save From Middle English saven, sauven, a borrowing from Old French sauver, from Late Latin salvāre (“to save”). Displaced native Old English nerian.
Relationships mentioned by the source
These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.
This page abbreviates 14 auxiliary source items. The etymology narrative is not shortened. Omission counts are available in the audit fields below; consult the original for complete auxiliary material.
Inspect preserved source fields
Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.
{
"templates": [
{
"name": "root",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*solh₂-"
},
"expansion": ""
},
{
"name": "etymon",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "enm:saven<id:to keep safe>",
"id": "to keep safe",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *solh₂-der.\nProto-Italic *sal(V)wos\nLatin salvus\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂tiinflu.\nProto-Italic *-ājō\nProto-Italic *-āō\nLatin -ō\nLatin salvō\nLatin salvāre\nOld French sauverbor.\nMiddle English saven\nEnglish save\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"to keep safe\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"to keep safe\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"to keep safe\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"safe\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"safe\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*solh₂-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*sal(V)wos\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"salvus\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"id\" : \"denominative\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"suf\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-ājō\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"suf\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"collective nouns\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"collective nouns\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-h₂\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\", \"pos\" : \"suffix originally used to form collective nouns, extended in Late PIE to also be a marker of feminine gender\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-éh₂\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"intransitive verbs\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yéti\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-eh₂yéti\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" }, { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"influ.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Influenced by\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-h₂ti\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"influence\" } ], \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-āō\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ō\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"salvō\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"salvāre\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"sauver\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"saven\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"save\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-id=\"to keep safe\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"save\" id=\"English:_to_keep_safe\">"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "saven"
},
"expansion": "Middle English saven"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "sauver"
},
"expansion": "Old French sauver"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la-lat",
"3": "salvo",
"4": "salvāre",
"t": "to save"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin salvāre (“to save”)"
},
{
"name": "noncog",
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "nerian"
},
"expansion": "Old English nerian"
},
{
"name": "etymon",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "enm:saven<id:to keep safe>",
"id": "to keep safe",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *solh₂-der.\nProto-Italic *sal(V)wos\nLatin salvus\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂tiinflu.\nProto-Italic *-ājō\nProto-Italic *-āō\nLatin -ō\nLatin salvō\nLatin salvāre\nOld French sauverbor.\nMiddle English saven\nEnglish save"
}
],
"links": [
[
"*solh₂-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/solh₂-"
],
[
"*sal(V)wos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/sal(V)wos#Proto-Italic:_safe"
],
[
"salvus",
"salvus#Latin:_safe"
],
[
"*-h₂",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-h₂#Proto-Indo-European:_collective_nouns"
],
[
"*-éh₂",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-éh₂#Proto-Indo-European:_collective_nouns"
],
[
"*-yéti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-yéti#Proto-Indo-European:_intransitive_verbs"
],
[
"*-eh₂yéti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-eh₂yéti#Proto-Indo-European:_suf"
],
[
"*-h₂ti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-h₂ti"
],
[
"*-āō",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/-āō#Proto-Italic:_suf"
],
[
"-ō",
"-o#Latin:_denominative"
],
[
"salvō",
"salvo#Latin:_to_keep_safe"
],
[
"salvāre",
"salvare#Latin:_to_keep_safe"
],
[
"sauver",
"sauver#Old_French:_to_keep_safe"
],
[
"saven",
"saven#Middle_English:_to_keep_safe"
],
[
"saven",
"saven#Middle_English"
],
[
"sauven",
"sauven#Middle_English"
],
[
"sauver",
"sauver#Old_French"
],
[
"salvāre",
"salvo#Latin"
],
[
"nerian",
"nerian#Old_English"
]
],
"references": [],
"descendants": [],
"lexical": [
{
"pos": "conj",
"glosses": [
"Unless; except."
],
"tags": [],
"recordId": "52bb83c8d201e927963c34669e269af53f0be36d701cfda4b0cda7cbf3c681f1",
"rawRecordSha256": "da72421fc4a5acd51df86c8015cd815cedf15116c0524eeb0747111f8d35eb56",
"sourceRecordOrdinal": 23855
},
{
"pos": "prep",
"glosses": [
"Except; with the exception of."
],
"tags": [],
"recordId": "67d4ff233d356a7328a98c2519e24e44038e18aa1bafde159e30cee7a899864c",
"rawRecordSha256": "035802cbea6a24227f263ad15d482b8f0516d2b2dc6ca34aad3bbc22aa0a9be2",
"sourceRecordOrdinal": 23854
},
{
"pos": "noun",
"glosses": [
"An instance of preventing (further) harm or difficulty.",
"In various sports, a block that prevents an opponent from scoring.",
"A successful attempt by a relief pitcher to preserve the win of another pitcher on one's team.",
"A point in a professional wrestling match when one or more wrestlers run to the ring to aid a fellow wrestler who is being beaten."
],
"tags": [
"slang"
],
"recordId": "c98cf70b2cdd509162937b2a97e5a10ff562dec28e5a185af9d27970f4f19f35",
"rawRecordSha256": "0d5af3064df14c9ab23a223325f1c5116a2659f43feadc435fce0aeceb379aa7",
"sourceRecordOrdinal": 23853
},
{
"pos": "verb",
"glosses": [
"To help (somebody) to survive, or rescue (somebody or something) from harm.",
"To keep (something) safe; to safeguard.",
"To spare (somebody) (from effort, or from something undesirable).",
"To redeem, protect, rescue, or keep (someone) from eternal damnation."
],
"tags": [
"transitive",
"ditransitive",
"ambitransitive",
"especially"
],
"recordId": "d38a42b2cb0ebe47b5e7845613602c5d0282ae24eaaeb3064b60000ecb2c1388",
"rawRecordSha256": "982aac20e6159c6585e99d0769bf59a149f9e67617d489c1233616f7e096a684",
"sourceRecordOrdinal": 23852
}
],
"omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
"templates": 0,
"links": 0,
"references": 0,
"descendants": 0,
"lexicalRecords": 0,
"lexicalSenses": 14,
"glosses": 0
}
}