*SET-U

English word origin

Etymology of never

Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *né Proto-Germanic *ne Old English ne Proto-Indo-European *h₂ey- Proto-Indo-European *-u Proto-Indo-European *h₂óyu Proto-Indo-European *-osinflu. Proto-Germanic *aiwaz Proto-West Germa

1 source sectionExtended source reportWiktionary original ↗
In this entry · 1 source sections

The source etymologies

Wiktionary via Kaikki / Wiktextract

The source reports below are imported and unreviewed by *SET-U. Separate numbered origins and differing source variants are preserved; agreement within this extraction is not independent corroboration.

Unnumbered source etymology

Original entry ↗
verb

Did not; didn't.

adv

At no time; on no occasion; in no circumstance. · Not at any other time; not on any other occasion; not previously. · Negative particle (used to negate verbs in the simple past tense; also used absolutely).

intj

A statement of defiance

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *né Proto-Germanic *ne Old English ne Proto-Indo-European *h₂ey- Proto-Indo-European *-u Proto-Indo-European *h₂óyu Proto-Indo-European *-osinflu. Proto-Germanic *aiwaz Proto-West Germanic *aiwder. Old English ā Proto-Indo-European *h₁én Proto-Germanic *in Proto-West Germanic *in Old English in Proto-Indo-European *perkʷ- Proto-Indo-European *-us Proto-Indo-European *pérkus Proto-Germanic *ferhuzder.? Proto-Germanic *ferhwą Proto-West Germanic *ferh Old English feorh ? Old English ǣfre Old English nǣfre Middle English nevere English never From Middle English nevere, navere, nævere, from Old English nǣfre (“never”), equivalent to ne + ever.

Relationships mentioned by the source

These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.

  • Inherited-form mentionnevereenm
  • Inherited-form mentionnǣfreang
  • Compound componentneen
  • Compound componenteveren
Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

{
  "templates": [
    {
      "name": "ety",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "enm:nevere",
        "tree": "+"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *né\nProto-Germanic *ne\nOld English ne\nProto-Indo-European *h₂ey-\nProto-Indo-European *-u\nProto-Indo-European *h₂óyu\nProto-Indo-European *-osinflu.\nProto-Germanic *aiwaz\nProto-West Germanic *aiwder.\nOld English ā\nProto-Indo-European *h₁én\nProto-Germanic *in\nProto-West Germanic *in\nOld English in\nProto-Indo-European *perkʷ-\nProto-Indo-European *-us\nProto-Indo-European *pérkus\nProto-Germanic *ferhuzder.?\nProto-Germanic *ferhwą\nProto-West Germanic *ferh\nOld English feorh\n?\nOld English ǣfre\nOld English nǣfre\nMiddle English nevere\nEnglish never\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*ne\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"ne\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adverb\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"time\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"life\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₂ey-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"alt\" : \"*-u\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₂óyu\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" }, { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"influ.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Influenced by\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"thematic\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-os\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"influence\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*aiwaz\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*aiw\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"ā\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₁én\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*in\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*in\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"in\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*perkʷ-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-us\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*pérkus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*ferhuz\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*ferhwą\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*ferh\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"feorh\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"ǣfre\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"nǣfre\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"nevere\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"never\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"never\">"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "nevere"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English nevere"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "nǣfre",
        "4": "",
        "5": "never"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English nǣfre (“never”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "compound",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ne",
        "3": "ever",
        "nocat": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "ne + ever"
    },
    {
      "name": "ety",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "enm:nevere",
        "tree": "+"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *né\nProto-Germanic *ne\nOld English ne\nProto-Indo-European *h₂ey-\nProto-Indo-European *-u\nProto-Indo-European *h₂óyu\nProto-Indo-European *-osinflu.\nProto-Germanic *aiwaz\nProto-West Germanic *aiwder.\nOld English ā\nProto-Indo-European *h₁én\nProto-Germanic *in\nProto-West Germanic *in\nOld English in\nProto-Indo-European *perkʷ-\nProto-Indo-European *-us\nProto-Indo-European *pérkus\nProto-Germanic *ferhuzder.?\nProto-Germanic *ferhwą\nProto-West Germanic *ferh\nOld English feorh\n?\nOld English ǣfre\nOld English nǣfre\nMiddle English nevere\nEnglish never"
    }
  ],
  "links": [
    [
      "*né",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/né"
    ],
    [
      "*ne",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/ne"
    ],
    [
      "ne",
      "ne#Old_English"
    ],
    [
      "*h₂ey-",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂ey-#Proto-Indo-European:_life"
    ],
    [
      "*h₂óyu",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂óyu"
    ],
    [
      "*-os",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-os#Proto-Indo-European:_thematic"
    ],
    [
      "*aiwaz",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/aiwaz"
    ],
    [
      "*aiw",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/aiw#Proto-West_Germanic:_time"
    ],
    [
      "ā",
      "a/languages M to Z#Old_English:_adverb"
    ],
    [
      "*h₁én",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₁én"
    ],
    [
      "*in",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/in"
    ],
    [
      "*in",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/in"
    ],
    [
      "in",
      "in#Old_English"
    ],
    [
      "*perkʷ-",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/perkʷ-"
    ],
    [
      "*-us",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-us"
    ],
    [
      "*pérkus",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/pérkus"
    ],
    [
      "*ferhuz",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/ferhuz"
    ],
    [
      "*ferhwą",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/ferhwą"
    ],
    [
      "*ferh",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/ferh"
    ],
    [
      "feorh",
      "feorh#Old_English"
    ],
    [
      "ǣfre",
      "æfre#Old_English"
    ],
    [
      "nǣfre",
      "næfre#Old_English"
    ],
    [
      "nevere",
      "nevere#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "nevere",
      "nevere#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "navere",
      "navere#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "nævere",
      "nævere#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "nǣfre",
      "næfre#Old_English"
    ],
    [
      "ne",
      "ne#English"
    ],
    [
      "ever",
      "ever#English"
    ]
  ],
  "references": [],
  "descendants": [],
  "lexical": [
    {
      "pos": "verb",
      "glosses": [
        "Did not; didn't."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Manglish",
        "Singlish",
        "auxiliary"
      ],
      "recordId": "14ffefd5b990230e9c9451d57906af86d99b2ab525e5df549d8bbd4b854aad05",
      "rawRecordSha256": "a81eb05d20de04d3f34b2dd819bea6597931796db37a9d4fb0503e01507ee7db",
      "sourceRecordOrdinal": 133035
    },
    {
      "pos": "adv",
      "glosses": [
        "At no time; on no occasion; in no circumstance.",
        "Not at any other time; not on any other occasion; not previously.",
        "Negative particle (used to negate verbs in the simple past tense; also used absolutely)."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "not-comparable",
        "colloquial"
      ],
      "recordId": "39a764a8717ffc1d1b34d3dd024cb9a118f3c5ed6b5375a01a0eb1f1db091fe3",
      "rawRecordSha256": "d3492c9935e861f0437518ac313bc3a85d52f982948af52529018253d48054c2",
      "sourceRecordOrdinal": 133034
    },
    {
      "pos": "intj",
      "glosses": [
        "A statement of defiance"
      ],
      "tags": [],
      "recordId": "5c0161bb0bd2b2e5b068e716c2c6e07ad3f7e6c4ffd0c9582470be505657d6ac",
      "rawRecordSha256": "c8de0afe6333fab804b8e8bca446a8d1396fcbb94f8e84076104875e263e4821",
      "sourceRecordOrdinal": 133036
    }
  ],
  "omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
    "templates": 0,
    "links": 0,
    "references": 0,
    "descendants": 0,
    "lexicalRecords": 0,
    "lexicalSenses": 0,
    "glosses": 0
  }
}

Where this record stops

This page does not supply an independently verified sound-change sequence, first-use manuscript or complete family tree unless a cited analysis explicitly establishes one. Missing detail here is a limit of this record—not a claim that humanity knows nothing more.

An older meaning does not determine what a word must mean today. Follow the sources, preserve disagreements, and keep ancestry separate from interpretation.

Contribute located evidence for never →

Source and snapshot

Imported from Wiktionary contributors; extracted by Tatu Ylonen / Wiktextract / Kaikki.org. Selected fields are reformatted and grouped; wording, source identity and etymology sections are retained. CC-BY-SA-4.0 applies to the imported source material.

Dump: 2026-10-01 · Extracted: 2026-10-30. These are snapshot dates, not the word’s first attestation or the page’s revision date.

Source entry and bibliography ↗Wiktionary revision history ↗Acquisition and rights ledger
Machine-source provenance
Source SHA-256
5ff2c072f8099f2d2ce484bd6957bf179f046d2ad37bc36555edf8bb84cb5291
Import run
73216b9a9b78ed3830994bf853103716f5a4dc57099e371e9f8fdc468facca26
Permanent entry ID
w-bmV2ZXI