*SET-U

English word origin

Etymology of mun

From Middle English mone (“shall, must”), from Old Norse munu (“shall, must”), from Proto-Germanic *munaną.

3 source sectionsExtended source reportWiktionary original ↗
In this entry · 3 source sections

The source etymologies

Wiktionary via Kaikki / Wiktextract

The source reports below are imported and unreviewed by *SET-U. Separate numbered origins and differing source variants are preserved; agreement within this extraction is not independent corroboration.

Source etymology 1

Original entry ↗
verb

Must.

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

From Middle English mone (“shall, must”), from Old Norse munu (“shall, must”), from Proto-Germanic *munaną.

Relationships mentioned by the source

These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.

  • Inherited-form mentionmoneenm · shall, must
  • Derivation mentionmununon · shall, must
  • Derivation mention*munanągem-pro
Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

{
  "templates": [
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "mone",
        "t": "shall, must",
        "id": "shall"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English mone (“shall, must”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "der",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "non",
        "3": "munu",
        "t": "shall, must"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse munu (“shall, must”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "der",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*munaną"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *munaną"
    }
  ],
  "links": [
    [
      "mone",
      "mone#Middle_English:_shall"
    ],
    [
      "munu",
      "munu#Old_Norse"
    ],
    [
      "*munaną",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/munaną"
    ]
  ],
  "references": [],
  "descendants": [],
  "lexical": [
    {
      "pos": "verb",
      "glosses": [
        "Must."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Northern-English",
        "auxiliary",
        "defective",
        "dialectal",
        "modal"
      ],
      "recordId": "b90753e96ab143194b89e71c198aa56e7601c1f293c13b235c5671a6a2cde811",
      "rawRecordSha256": "f07dc60b577d4a307b9f8341b7eee10591f843e93b38b203d117ffb5acaae32f",
      "sourceRecordOrdinal": 363152
    }
  ],
  "omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
    "templates": 0,
    "links": 0,
    "references": 0,
    "descendants": 0,
    "lexicalRecords": 0,
    "lexicalSenses": 0,
    "glosses": 0
  }
}

Source etymology 2

Original entry ↗
noun

The mouth, jaw.

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

From Old Norse muðr, munnr, from Proto-Germanic *munþaz, from Proto-Indo-European *ment-; Doublet of mouth.

Relationships mentioned by the source

These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.

Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

{
  "templates": [
    {
      "name": "der",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "non",
        "3": "muðr"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse muðr"
    },
    {
      "name": "der",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*munþaz"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *munþaz"
    },
    {
      "name": "der",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*ment-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ment-"
    },
    {
      "name": "dbt",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "mouth"
      },
      "expansion": "Doublet of mouth"
    }
  ],
  "links": [
    [
      "muðr",
      "muðr#Old_Norse"
    ],
    [
      "munnr",
      "munnr#Old_Norse"
    ],
    [
      "*munþaz",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/munþaz"
    ],
    [
      "*ment-",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ment-"
    ],
    [
      "mouth",
      "mouth#English"
    ]
  ],
  "references": [],
  "descendants": [],
  "lexical": [
    {
      "pos": "noun",
      "glosses": [
        "The mouth, jaw."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "dialectal",
        "obsolete"
      ],
      "recordId": "c420a7d34d471a98da85a2d1726cf32e134418b6ecd5bd06e9469493f93e2218",
      "rawRecordSha256": "d0b1067de774f7ba6ef039cdb68674a1ccbbd368a2c7a7df1cd003922f2561a1",
      "sourceRecordOrdinal": 363153
    }
  ],
  "omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
    "templates": 0,
    "links": 0,
    "references": 0,
    "descendants": 0,
    "lexicalRecords": 0,
    "lexicalSenses": 0,
    "glosses": 0
  }
}

Source etymology 4

Original entry ↗
noun

The person who roleplays a character in a role-playing game, especially an online play-by-post one.

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

Clipping of mundane.

Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

{
  "templates": [
    {
      "name": "etymid",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "clipping of _mundane_"
      },
      "expansion": ""
    },
    {
      "name": "clipping",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "mundane"
      },
      "expansion": "Clipping of mundane"
    }
  ],
  "links": [
    [
      "mundane",
      "mundane#English"
    ]
  ],
  "references": [],
  "descendants": [],
  "lexical": [
    {
      "pos": "noun",
      "glosses": [
        "The person who roleplays a character in a role-playing game, especially an online play-by-post one."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Internet"
      ],
      "recordId": "54414407dccd0a52e959848b256ba578f5d8200a428f1b2b282287f724916045",
      "rawRecordSha256": "5830ac4269651ec63621b7d7f4459ba5d2d1f7ec8db4c278e0f1a9a71a1748e1",
      "sourceRecordOrdinal": 363156
    }
  ],
  "omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
    "templates": 0,
    "links": 0,
    "references": 0,
    "descendants": 0,
    "lexicalRecords": 0,
    "lexicalSenses": 0,
    "glosses": 0
  }
}

Where this record stops

This page does not supply an independently verified sound-change sequence, first-use manuscript or complete family tree unless a cited analysis explicitly establishes one. Missing detail here is a limit of this record—not a claim that humanity knows nothing more.

An older meaning does not determine what a word must mean today. Follow the sources, preserve disagreements, and keep ancestry separate from interpretation.

Contribute located evidence for mun →

Source and snapshot

Imported from Wiktionary contributors; extracted by Tatu Ylonen / Wiktextract / Kaikki.org. Selected fields are reformatted and grouped; wording, source identity and etymology sections are retained. CC-BY-SA-4.0 applies to the imported source material.

Dump: 2026-10-01 · Extracted: 2026-10-30. These are snapshot dates, not the word’s first attestation or the page’s revision date.

Source entry and bibliography ↗Wiktionary revision history ↗Acquisition and rights ledger
Machine-source provenance
Source SHA-256
5ff2c072f8099f2d2ce484bd6957bf179f046d2ad37bc36555edf8bb84cb5291
Import run
73216b9a9b78ed3830994bf853103716f5a4dc57099e371e9f8fdc468facca26
Permanent entry ID
w-bXVu