Source etymology 1
Original entry ↗To cover or splash (someone or something) with mud. · To make (water or some other liquid) cloudy or turbid by stirring up mud or other sediment. · To confuse (a person or their thinking); to muddle. · To damage (a person or their reputation); to sully, to tarnish.
Covered or splashed with, or full of, mud (“wet soil”). · Of water or some other liquid: containing mud or (by extension) other sediment in suspension; cloudy, turbid. · Of or relating to mud; also, having the characteristics of mud, especially in colour or taste. · Soiled with feces.
The adjective is derived from Late Middle English muddi, moddy, muddy (“covered with or full of mud, muddy”), from mud, mudde (“mud; turbid water”) + -i (suffix forming adjectives). Mud, mudde is possibly borrowed from Middle Dutch modde, and/or Middle Low German modde, mudde, from Proto-Germanic *mud-, *mudra- (“mud”), possibly from Proto-Indo-European *mū-, *mew- (“moist”). The English word is analysable as mud + -y (suffix meaning ‘having the quality of’ forming adjectives). Doublet of muddle. The verb is derived from the adjective. cognates * Middle Low German moddich, muddich (German Low German muddig (“muddy; mouldy”))
Relationships mentioned by the source
These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.
This page abbreviates 19 auxiliary source items. The etymology narrative is not shortened. Omission counts are available in the audit fields below; consult the original for complete auxiliary material.
Inspect preserved source fields
Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.
{
"templates": [
{
"name": "root",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*mew-"
},
"expansion": ""
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{
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{
"name": "der",
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"2": "dum",
"3": "modde"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch modde"
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{
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"2": "gml",
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"expansion": "Middle Low German modde"
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{
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"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *mud-"
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{
"name": "der",
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"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *mū-"
},
{
"name": "suffix",
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"2": "mud",
"3": "y",
"pos2": "suffix meaning ‘having the quality of’ forming adjectives",
"id2": "adjectival"
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"expansion": "mud + -y (suffix meaning ‘having the quality of’ forming adjectives)"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"args": {
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"expansion": "²"
},
{
"name": "doublet",
"args": {
"1": "en",
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},
"expansion": "Doublet of muddle"
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{
"name": "glossary",
"args": {
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"expansion": "verb"
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{
"name": "col-top",
"args": {
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"2": "cognates"
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"expansion": "cognates"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "moddich"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German moddich"
},
{
"name": "cog",
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},
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}
],
"links": [
[
"muddi",
"muddi#Middle_English"
],
[
"moddy",
"moddy#Middle_English"
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[
"muddy",
"muddy#Middle_English"
],
[
"mud",
"mud#Middle_English"
],
[
"mudde",
"mudde#Middle_English"
],
[
"-i",
"-i#Middle_English"
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[
"modde",
"modde#Middle_Dutch"
],
[
"modde",
"modde#Middle_Low_German"
],
[
"mudde",
"mudde#Middle_Low_German"
],
[
"*mud-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/mud-"
],
[
"*mudra-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/mudra-"
],
[
"*mū-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/mū-"
],
[
"*mew-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/mew-"
],
[
"mud",
"mud#English"
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[
"-y",
"-y#English:_adjectival"
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[
"muddle",
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],
[
"moddich",
"moddich#Middle_Low_German"
],
[
"muddich",
"muddich#Middle_Low_German"
],
[
"muddig",
"muddig#Low_German"
]
],
"references": [],
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"lexical": [
{
"pos": "verb",
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"To cover or splash (someone or something) with mud.",
"To make (water or some other liquid) cloudy or turbid by stirring up mud or other sediment.",
"To confuse (a person or their thinking); to muddle.",
"To damage (a person or their reputation); to sully, to tarnish."
],
"tags": [
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"Covered or splashed with, or full of, mud (“wet soil”).",
"Of water or some other liquid: containing mud or (by extension) other sediment in suspension; cloudy, turbid.",
"Of or relating to mud; also, having the characteristics of mud, especially in colour or taste.",
"Soiled with feces."
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