Unnumbered source etymology
Original entry ↗prefix
Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventoryevil · unhealthy, harmful · unpleasant · incorrect
Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *(s)mel- Proto-Indo-European *-os Proto-Indo-European *(s)molos? Proto-Italic *malos Archaic Latin malos Latin malus Latin maleder. Old French mal- English mal- From Old French mal- from Latin male (“badly”), from malus (“bad”).
Relationships mentioned by the source
These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.
This page abbreviates 4 auxiliary source items. The etymology narrative is not shortened. Omission counts are available in the audit fields below; consult the original for complete auxiliary material.
Inspect preserved source fields
Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.
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{
"name": "etymon",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":uder",
"3": "fro:mal-",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *(s)mel-\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Indo-European *(s)molos?\nProto-Italic *malos\nArchaic Latin malos\nLatin malus\nLatin maleder.\nOld French mal-\nEnglish mal-\n[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"negative\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*(s)molos\", \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*(s)mel-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"alt\" : \"*-os\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*malos\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Archaic Latin\", \"term\" : \"malos\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"itc-ala\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"malus\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"male\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"mal-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"uder\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"mal-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"mal-\">"
},
{
"name": "uder",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "mal-"
},
"expansion": "Old French mal-"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "male",
"t": "badly"
},
"expansion": "Latin male (“badly”)"
},
{
"name": "etymon",
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"2": ":uder",
"3": "fro:mal-",
"tree": "1"
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}
],
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[
"*(s)mel-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/(s)mel-"
],
[
"*malos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/malos"
],
[
"malos",
"malos#Latin"
],
[
"malus",
"malus#Latin:_negative"
],
[
"male",
"male#Latin"
],
[
"mal-",
"mal-#Old_French"
],
[
"mal-",
"mal-#Old_French"
],
[
"male",
"male#Latin"
],
[
"malus",
"malus#Latin"
]
],
"references": [],
"descendants": [],
"lexical": [
{
"pos": "prefix",
"glosses": [
"evil",
"unhealthy, harmful",
"unpleasant",
"incorrect"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
],
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