Unnumbered source etymology · variant 1/2
Original entry ↗verb
Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventoryTo speak; to utter. · To represent (words or sounds) by making the actions of speech, but silently, without producing sound; to frame. · To move the mouth, with or without sound; to form (air or words) with the mouth, with or without sound. · Ellipsis of mouth the words; to speak insincerely.
Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *men- Proto-Indo-European *-tós Proto-Indo-European *mn̥-tó-s Proto-Germanic *munþaz Proto-West Germanic *munþ Old English mūþ Middle English mouth English mouth From Middle English mouth, from Old English mūþ, from Proto-West Germanic *munþ, from Proto-Germanic *munþaz (“mouth”), from Proto-Indo-European *ment- (“to chew; jaw, mouth”). Cognate with Scots mooth (“mouth”), North Frisian mös, müs, Mür (“mouth”), West Frisian mûn (“mouth”), Dutch mond (“mouth”), muide (“river mouth”) and mui (“riptide”), German Mund (“mouth”), Luxembourgish Mond (“mouth”), Danish mund (“mouth”), Faroese muður, munnur (“mouth”), Icelandic munnur (“mouth”), Swedish mun (“mouth”), Norwegian Bokmål and Norwegian Nynorsk munn (“mouth”), Gothic 𐌼𐌿𐌽𐌸𐍃 (munþs, “mouth”), Latin mentum (“chin”) and mandō (“to chew”), Ancient Greek μάσταξ (mástax, “jaws, mouth”) and μασάομαι (masáomai, “to chew”), Albanian mjekër (“chin, beard”), Welsh mant (“jawbone”), Hittite 𒈨𒂊𒉌𒄿 (me-e-ni-i /mēni/, “face, cheek”). The verb is from Middle English mouthen, from the noun.
Relationships mentioned by the source
These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.
- Root classification mention*men- (stand out)ine-pro
- Inherited-form mentionmouthenm
- Inherited-form mentionmūþang
- Inherited-form mention*munþgmw-pro
- Inherited-form mention*munþazgem-pro · mouth
- Derivation mention*ment-ine-pro · to chew; jaw, mouth
- Cognate mentionmoothsco
- Cognate mentionmösfrr
- Cognate mentionmûnfy
- Cognate mentionmondnl
- Cognate mentionMundde
- Cognate mentionMondlb
- Cognate mentionmundda
- Cognate mentionmuðurfo
- Cognate mentionmunnuris
- Cognate mentionmunsv
- Cognate mention𐌼𐌿𐌽𐌸𐍃got
- Cognate mentionmentumla
- Cognate mentionμάσταξgrc
- Cognate mentionmjekërsq
- Cognate mentionmantcy
- Cognate mention𒈨𒂊𒉌𒄿hit · face, cheek
- Inherited-form mentionmouthenenm
This page abbreviates 9 auxiliary source items. The etymology narrative is not shortened. Omission counts are available in the audit fields below; consult the original for complete auxiliary material.
Inspect preserved source fields
Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.
{
"templates": [
{
"name": "root",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*men- (stand out)"
},
"expansion": ""
},
{
"name": "ety",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "enm:mouth",
"id": "opening",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *men-\nProto-Indo-European *-tós\nProto-Indo-European *mn̥-tó-s\nProto-Germanic *munþaz\nProto-West Germanic *munþ\nOld English mūþ\nMiddle English mouth\nEnglish mouth\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*munþaz\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*munþ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"mūþ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"mouth\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"mouth\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-id=\"opening\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"mouth\" id=\"English:_opening\">"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "mouth"
},
"expansion": "Middle English mouth"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "mūþ"
},
"expansion": "Old English mūþ"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*munþ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *munþ"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*munþaz",
"t": "mouth"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *munþaz (“mouth”)"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ment-",
"t": "to chew; jaw, mouth"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ment- (“to chew; jaw, mouth”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "mooth",
"3": "",
"4": "mouth"
},
"expansion": "Scots mooth (“mouth”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "frr",
"2": "mös"
},
"expansion": "North Frisian mös"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "mûn",
"3": "",
"4": "mouth"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian mûn (“mouth”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "mond",
"3": "",
"4": "mouth"
},
"expansion": "Dutch mond (“mouth”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Mund",
"3": "",
"4": "mouth"
},
"expansion": "German Mund (“mouth”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "lb",
"2": "Mond",
"3": "",
"4": "mouth"
},
"expansion": "Luxembourgish Mond (“mouth”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "mund",
"3": "",
"4": "mouth"
},
"expansion": "Danish mund (“mouth”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "muður"
},
"expansion": "Faroese muður"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "munnur",
"3": "",
"4": "mouth"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic munnur (“mouth”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "mun",
"3": "",
"4": "mouth"
},
"expansion": "Swedish mun (“mouth”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nb,nn",
"2": "munn",
"3": "",
"4": "mouth"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål and Norwegian Nynorsk munn (“mouth”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌼𐌿𐌽𐌸𐍃",
"3": "",
"4": "mouth"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐌼𐌿𐌽𐌸𐍃 (munþs, “mouth”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "mentum",
"3": "",
"4": "chin"
},
"expansion": "Latin mentum (“chin”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "μάσταξ",
"3": "",
"4": "jaws, mouth"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek μάσταξ (mástax, “jaws, mouth”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "mjekër",
"3": "",
"4": "chin, beard"
},
"expansion": "Albanian mjekër (“chin, beard”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "mant",
"3": "",
"4": "jawbone"
},
"expansion": "Welsh mant (“jawbone”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "hit",
"2": "𒈨𒂊𒉌𒄿",
"tr": "me-e-ni-i",
"t": "face, cheek",
"ts": "mēni"
},
"expansion": "Hittite 𒈨𒂊𒉌𒄿 (me-e-ni-i /mēni/, “face, cheek”)"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "mouthen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English mouthen"
},
{
"name": "ety",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "enm:mouth",
"id": "opening",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *men-\nProto-Indo-European *-tós\nProto-Indo-European *mn̥-tó-s\nProto-Germanic *munþaz\nProto-West Germanic *munþ\nOld English mūþ\nMiddle English mouth\nEnglish mouth"
}
],
"links": [
[
"*men-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/men-#Proto-Indo-European:_stand_out"
],
[
"*-tós",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-tós"
],
[
"*mn̥-tó-s",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/mn̥-tó-s"
],
[
"*munþaz",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/munþaz"
],
[
"*munþ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/munþ"
],
[
"mūþ",
"muþ#Old_English"
],
[
"mouth",
"mouth#Middle_English"
],
[
"mouth",
"mouth#Middle_English"
],
[
"mūþ",
"muþ#Old_English"
],
[
"*munþ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/munþ"
],
[
"*munþaz",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/munþaz"
],
[
"*ment-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ment-"
],
[
"mooth",
"mooth#Scots"
],
[
"mös",
"mös#North_Frisian"
],
[
"müs",
"müs#North_Frisian"
],
[
"Mür",
"Mür#North_Frisian"
],
[
"mûn",
"mûn#West_Frisian"
],
[
"mond",
"mond#Dutch"
],
[
"muide",
"muide#Dutch"
],
[
"mui",
"mui#Dutch"
],
[
"Mund",
"Mund#German"
],
[
"Mond",
"Mond#Luxembourgish"
],
[
"mund",
"mund#Danish"
],
[
"muður",
"muður#Faroese"
],
[
"munnur",
"munnur#Faroese"
],
[
"munnur",
"munnur#Icelandic"
],
[
"mun",
"mun#Swedish"
],
[
"Norwegian Bokmål",
"munn#Norwegian_Bokmål"
],
[
"munn",
"munn#Norwegian_Nynorsk"
],
[
"𐌼𐌿𐌽𐌸𐍃",
"𐌼𐌿𐌽𐌸𐍃#Gothic"
],
[
"mentum",
"mentum#Latin"
],
[
"mandō",
"mando#Latin"
],
[
"μάσταξ",
"μάσταξ#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"μασάομαι",
"μασάομαι#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"mjekër",
"mjekër#Albanian"
],
[
"mant",
"mant#Welsh"
],
[
"𒈨𒂊𒉌𒄿",
"𒈨𒂊𒉌𒄿#Hittite"
],
[
"mouthen",
"mouthen#Middle_English"
]
],
"references": [],
"descendants": [],
"lexical": [
{
"pos": "verb",
"glosses": [
"To speak; to utter.",
"To represent (words or sounds) by making the actions of speech, but silently, without producing sound; to frame.",
"To move the mouth, with or without sound; to form (air or words) with the mouth, with or without sound.",
"Ellipsis of mouth the words; to speak insincerely."
],
"tags": [
"transitive",
"intransitive",
"abbreviation",
"alt-of",
"ellipsis",
"figuratively"
],
"recordId": "c9b4a86b9ccfbceba354156427b1173be6b5f0132f8251a535725974f603553c",
"rawRecordSha256": "e709eb6de9797d8b4f7f9ff77d34799ef02a51a9fc08855e2b032cafb7e56d95",
"sourceRecordOrdinal": 24827
}
],
"omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
"templates": 0,
"links": 0,
"references": 0,
"descendants": 0,
"lexicalRecords": 0,
"lexicalSenses": 9,
"glosses": 0
}
}