Unnumbered source etymology
Original entry ↗A biological organ of vertebrates that controls breathing and oxygenates the blood. · Capacity for exercise or exertion; breath. · That which supplies oxygen or fresh air, such as trees, parklands, forest, etc., to a place.
From Middle English lunge, longe, from Old English lungen, from Proto-Germanic *lunganjō, an enlargement of *lungô (“the light organ, lung”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁lengʷʰ-, whence ultimately also light. Cognate with West Frisian long, Dutch long, German Lunge, Danish, Norwegian Bokmål, and Norwegian Nynorsk lunge, Swedish lunga, Icelandic lunga, and also Russian лёгкое (ljóxkoje) (lung), Ancient Greek ἐλαφρός (elaphrós, “light in weight”) and perhaps Albanian lungë (“blister, bulge”). Compare Latin levis and Old English lēoht (Modern English light). See also lights (“lungs”). Superseded non-native Middle English pomoun (“lung”), borrowed from Old French poumon, pomon (“lung”).
Relationships mentioned by the source
These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.
- Inherited-form mentionlungeenm
- Inherited-form mentionlungenang
- Inherited-form mention*lunganjōgem-pro
- Derivation mention*h₁lengʷʰ-ine-pro
- Cognate mentionlongfy
- Cognate mentionlongnl
- Cognate mentionLungede
- Cognate mentionlungasv
- Cognate mentionlungais
- Cognate mentionлёгкоеru
- Cognate mentionlevisla
- Cognate mentionlēohtang
Inspect preserved source fields
Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.
{
"templates": [
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "lunge"
},
"expansion": "Middle English lunge"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "lungen"
},
"expansion": "Old English lungen"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*lunganjō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *lunganjō"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₁lengʷʰ-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁lengʷʰ-"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "long"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian long"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "long"
},
"expansion": "Dutch long"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Lunge"
},
"expansion": "German Lunge"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "da,nb,nn",
"2": "lunge"
},
"expansion": "Danish, Norwegian Bokmål, and Norwegian Nynorsk lunge"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "lunga"
},
"expansion": "Swedish lunga"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "lunga"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic lunga"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "лёгкое"
},
"expansion": "Russian лёгкое (ljóxkoje)"
},
{
"name": "qualifier",
"args": {
"1": "lung"
},
"expansion": "(lung)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "levis"
},
"expansion": "Latin levis"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "lēoht"
},
"expansion": "Old English lēoht"
},
{
"name": "noncog",
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "pomoun",
"t": "lung"
},
"expansion": "Middle English pomoun (“lung”)"
},
{
"name": "noncog",
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "poumon"
},
"expansion": "Old French poumon"
}
],
"links": [
[
"lunge",
"lunge#Middle_English"
],
[
"longe",
"longe#Middle_English"
],
[
"lungen",
"lungen#Old_English"
],
[
"*lunganjō",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/lunganjō"
],
[
"*lungô",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/lungô"
],
[
"*h₁lengʷʰ-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₁lengʷʰ-"
],
[
"light",
"light#English"
],
[
"long",
"long#West_Frisian"
],
[
"long",
"long#Dutch"
],
[
"Lunge",
"Lunge#German"
],
[
"Danish",
"lunge#Danish"
],
[
"Norwegian Bokmål",
"lunge#Norwegian_Bokmål"
],
[
"lunge",
"lunge#Norwegian_Nynorsk"
],
[
"lunga",
"lunga#Swedish"
],
[
"lunga",
"lunga#Icelandic"
],
[
"лёгкое",
"лёгкое#Russian"
],
[
"ἐλαφρός",
"ἐλαφρός#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"lungë",
"lungë#Albanian"
],
[
"levis",
"levis#Latin"
],
[
"lēoht",
"leoht#Old_English"
],
[
"light",
"light#English"
],
[
"lights",
"lights#English"
],
[
"pomoun",
"pomoun#Middle_English"
],
[
"poumon",
"poumon#Old_French"
],
[
"pomon",
"pomon#Old_French"
]
],
"references": [],
"descendants": [],
"lexical": [
{
"pos": "noun",
"glosses": [
"A biological organ of vertebrates that controls breathing and oxygenates the blood.",
"Capacity for exercise or exertion; breath.",
"That which supplies oxygen or fresh air, such as trees, parklands, forest, etc., to a place."
],
"tags": [
"in-plural"
],
"recordId": "05be57e021bb0f99d68841931fe0589382b12764d3580aabc69aa958e823679c",
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"sourceRecordOrdinal": 170015
}
],
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}