Unnumbered source etymology
Original entry ↗adj
Beloved, dear, agreeable. · Ready, willing.
adv
Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventoryReadily, willingly, rather.
From Middle English lef, leve, leef, from Old English lēof, from Proto-West Germanic *leub, from Proto-Germanic *leubaz. Cognate with Saterland Frisian ljo, ljoo, ljoof, West Frisian leaf, Dutch lief, German Low German leev, German lieb, Swedish and Norwegian Nynorsk ljuv, Gothic 𐌻𐌹𐌿𐍆𐍃 (liufs), Russian любо́вь (ljubóvʹ), Polish luby. For the adverb, compare German lieber, Dutch liever (“preferably, rather”).
Relationships mentioned by the source
These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.
- Root classification mention*lewbʰ-ine-pro
- Inherited-form mentionlefenm
- Inherited-form mentionlēofang
- Inherited-form mention*leubgmw-pro
- Inherited-form mention*leubazgem-pro
- Cognate mentionljostq
- Cognate mentionleaffy
- Cognate mentionliefnl
- Cognate mentionliebde
- Cognate mentionljuvnn
- Cognate mention𐌻𐌹𐌿𐍆𐍃got
- Cognate mentionлюбо́вьru
- Cognate mentionlubypl
- Cognate mentionlieberde
- Cognate mentionlievernl
Inspect preserved source fields
Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.
{
"templates": [
{
"name": "root",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*lewbʰ-",
"id": "love"
},
"expansion": ""
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "lef"
},
"expansion": "Middle English lef"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "lēof"
},
"expansion": "Old English lēof"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*leub"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *leub"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*leubaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *leubaz"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "ljo"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian ljo"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "leaf"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian leaf"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "lief"
},
"expansion": "Dutch lief"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "leev"
},
"expansion": "German Low German leev"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "lieb"
},
"expansion": "German lieb"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Swedish"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "ljuv"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk ljuv"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌻𐌹𐌿𐍆𐍃"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐌻𐌹𐌿𐍆𐍃 (liufs)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "любо́вь"
},
"expansion": "Russian любо́вь (ljubóvʹ)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "luby"
},
"expansion": "Polish luby"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "lieber"
},
"expansion": "German lieber"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "liever",
"3": "",
"4": "preferably, rather"
},
"expansion": "Dutch liever (“preferably, rather”)"
}
],
"links": [
[
"lef",
"lef#Middle_English"
],
[
"leve",
"leve#Middle_English"
],
[
"leef",
"leef#Middle_English"
],
[
"lēof",
"leof#Old_English"
],
[
"*leub",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/leub"
],
[
"*leubaz",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/leubaz"
],
[
"ljo",
"ljo#Saterland_Frisian"
],
[
"ljoo",
"ljoo#Saterland_Frisian"
],
[
"ljoof",
"ljoof#Saterland_Frisian"
],
[
"leaf",
"leaf#West_Frisian"
],
[
"lief",
"lief#Dutch"
],
[
"leev",
"leev#Low_German"
],
[
"lieb",
"lieb#German"
],
[
"ljuv",
"ljuv#Norwegian_Nynorsk"
],
[
"𐌻𐌹𐌿𐍆𐍃",
"𐌻𐌹𐌿𐍆𐍃#Gothic"
],
[
"любо́вь",
"любовь#Russian"
],
[
"luby",
"luby#Polish"
],
[
"lieber",
"lieber#German"
],
[
"liever",
"liever#Dutch"
]
],
"references": [],
"descendants": [],
"lexical": [
{
"pos": "adj",
"glosses": [
"Beloved, dear, agreeable.",
"Ready, willing."
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
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},
{
"pos": "adv",
"glosses": [
"Readily, willingly, rather."
],
"tags": [
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],
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"omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
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"links": 0,
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"descendants": 0,
"lexicalRecords": 0,
"lexicalSenses": 0,
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}
}