Unnumbered source etymology
Original entry ↗A free and independent person; specifically, a lord paramount; a sovereign. · A king or lord. · The subject of a sovereign or lord; a liegeman.
Sovereign; independent; having authority or right to allegiance. · Serving an independent sovereign or master; bound by a feudal tenure; obliged to be faithful and loyal to a superior, such as a vassal to his lord; faithful. · Full; perfect; complete; pure.
From Middle English liege, lege, lige, from Anglo-Norman lige, from Old French liege (“liege, free”), from Middle High German ledic, ledec (“free, empty, vacant”) (Modern German ledig (“unmarried”)) from Proto-Germanic *liþugaz (“flexible, free, unoccupied”). Akin to Old Frisian leþeg, leþoch (“free”), Old English liþiġ (“flexible”), Old Norse liðugr (“free, unhindered”), Old Saxon lethig (“idle”), Low German leddig (“empty”), Middle Dutch ledich (“idle, unemployed”) (Dutch ledig (“empty”) and leeg (“empty”)), Middle English lethi (“unoccupied, at leisure”). An alternate etymology traces the Old French word to Late Latin laeticus (“of or relating to a semifree colonist in Gaul”), from Latin laetus (“a semi-free colonist”), from Gothic *𐌻𐌴𐍄𐍃 (*lēts) (attested in derivatives such as 𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌻𐌴𐍄𐍃 (fralēts)), from Proto-Germanic *lētaz (“freeman; bondsman, serf”), from *lētaną (“to let; free; release”).
Relationships mentioned by the source
These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.
- Inherited-form mentionliegeenm
- Derivation mentionliegefro · liege, free
- Derivation mentionledicgmh
- Cognate mentionledigde · unmarried
- Derivation mention*liþugazgem-pro · flexible, free, unoccupied
- Cognate mentionleþegofs
- Cognate mentionliþiġang · flexible
- Cognate mentionliðugrnon · free, unhindered
- Cognate mentionlethigosx · idle
- Cognate mentionleddignds · empty
- Cognate mentionledichdum · idle, unemployed
- Cognate mentionledignl · empty
- Derivation mentionlaetusla · a semi-free colonist
- Derivation mention*𐌻𐌴𐍄𐍃got
- Derivation mention*lētazgem-pro · freeman; bondsman, serf
Inspect preserved source fields
Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.
{
"templates": [
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "liege"
},
"expansion": "Middle English liege"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "lige"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman lige"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "liege",
"t": "liege, free"
},
"expansion": "Old French liege (“liege, free”)"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmh",
"3": "ledic"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German ledic"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "ledig",
"t": "unmarried"
},
"expansion": "German ledig (“unmarried”)"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*liþugaz",
"t": "flexible, free, unoccupied"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *liþugaz (“flexible, free, unoccupied”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "leþeg"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian leþeg"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
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"2": "liþiġ",
"t": "flexible"
},
"expansion": "Old English liþiġ (“flexible”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "liðugr",
"t": "free, unhindered"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse liðugr (“free, unhindered”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "lethig",
"t": "idle"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon lethig (“idle”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "leddig",
"t": "empty"
},
"expansion": "Low German leddig (“empty”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "ledich",
"t": "idle, unemployed"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch ledich (“idle, unemployed”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "ledig",
"t": "empty"
},
"expansion": "Dutch ledig (“empty”)"
},
{
"name": "noncog",
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old French"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la-lat",
"3": "laeticus",
"t": "of or relating to a semifree colonist in Gaul"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin laeticus (“of or relating to a semifree colonist in Gaul”)"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "laetus",
"t": "a semi-free colonist"
},
"expansion": "Latin laetus (“a semi-free colonist”)"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "got",
"3": "*𐌻𐌴𐍄𐍃"
},
"expansion": "Gothic *𐌻𐌴𐍄𐍃 (*lēts)"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*lētaz",
"t": "freeman; bondsman, serf"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *lētaz (“freeman; bondsman, serf”)"
}
],
"links": [
[
"liege",
"liege#Middle_English"
],
[
"lege",
"lege#Middle_English"
],
[
"lige",
"lige#Middle_English"
],
[
"lige",
"lige#Old_French"
],
[
"liege",
"liege#Old_French"
],
[
"ledic",
"ledic#Middle_High_German"
],
[
"ledec",
"ledec#Middle_High_German"
],
[
"ledig",
"ledig#German"
],
[
"*liþugaz",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/liþugaz"
],
[
"leþeg",
"leþeg#Old_Frisian"
],
[
"leþoch",
"leþoch#Old_Frisian"
],
[
"liþiġ",
"liþig#Old_English"
],
[
"liðugr",
"liðugr#Old_Norse"
],
[
"lethig",
"lethig#Old_Saxon"
],
[
"leddig",
"leddig#Low_German"
],
[
"ledich",
"ledich#Middle_Dutch"
],
[
"ledig",
"ledig#Dutch"
],
[
"leeg",
"leeg#Dutch"
],
[
"Middle English",
"Middle English"
],
[
"lethi",
"lethi#Middle_English"
],
[
"laeticus",
"laeticus#Latin"
],
[
"laetus",
"laetus#Latin"
],
[
"*𐌻𐌴𐍄𐍃",
"Reconstruction:Gothic/𐌻𐌴𐍄𐍃"
],
[
"𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌻𐌴𐍄𐍃",
"𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌻𐌴𐍄𐍃#Gothic"
],
[
"*lētaz",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/lētaz"
],
[
"*lētaną",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/lētaną"
]
],
"references": [],
"descendants": [],
"lexical": [
{
"pos": "noun",
"glosses": [
"A free and independent person; specifically, a lord paramount; a sovereign.",
"A king or lord.",
"The subject of a sovereign or lord; a liegeman."
],
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{
"pos": "adj",
"glosses": [
"Sovereign; independent; having authority or right to allegiance.",
"Serving an independent sovereign or master; bound by a feudal tenure; obliged to be faithful and loyal to a superior, such as a vassal to his lord; faithful.",
"Full; perfect; complete; pure."
],
"tags": [
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"omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
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}
}