Source etymology 1
Original entry ↗To rest in a horizontal position on a surface. · To be placed or situated. · To abide; to remain for a longer or shorter time; to be in a certain state or condition. · Used with in: to be or exist; to belong or pertain; to have an abiding place; to consist.
The terrain and conditions surrounding the ball before it is struck. · The terrain and conditions surrounding the disc before it is thrown. · The position of a fetus in the womb. · A manner of lying; relative position.
From Middle English lien, liggen, from Old English liċġan, from Proto-West Germanic *liggjan, from Proto-Germanic *ligjaną, from Proto-Indo-European *legʰ-. Cognates Cognate with Yola lee, lidge (“to lie”), North Frisian lade, lai, laie, lei, lii, läde, läie (“to lie; to lay”), Saterland Frisian lääse (“to lie; to lay”), West Frisian lizze (“to lie”), Alemannic German ligge (“to lie”), Central Franconian lijje (“to lie”), Dutch and Dutch Low Saxon liggen (“to lie”), German liegen (“to lie”), German Low German ligge, liggen (“to lie”), Luxembourgish leien (“to lie”), Yiddish ליגן (lign, “to lie”), Danish and Norwegian Bokmål ligge (“to lie”), Faroese and Icelandic liggja (“to lie”), Norwegian Nynorsk ligge, liggja, liggje (“to lie”), Swedish ligga (“to lie”), Gothic 𐌻𐌹𐌲𐌰𐌽 (ligan, “to lie, to rest”); and with Irish laigh, luigh (“to lie”), Manx lhie (“lie; lay”), Scottish Gaelic laigh (“lie; lay”), Faliscan 𐌋𐌄𐌂𐌄𐌕 (lecet, “he lies down”), Latin lectus (“bed”), South Picene 𐌅𐌄𐌉𐌀𐌕 (veiat, “to lie”), Ancient Greek λέχομαι (lékhomai, “to lie down”), Albanian lag (“band, encampment, troop”), Belarusian ляжа́ць (ljažácʹ, “to lie”), Bulgarian лежа́ (ležá, “to lie”), Czech ležet (“to lie”), Macedonian лежи (leži, “to lie”), Polish leżeć (“to lie”), Russian лежа́ть (ležátʹ, “to lie”), Serbo-Croatian лѐжати, lèžati (“to lie”), Slovene ležáti (“to lie”), Ukrainian лежа́ти (ležáty, “to lie”), Tocharian B lyäk- (“to lie”). As a noun for position, the noun has the same etymology above as the verb.
Relationships mentioned by the source
These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.
- Root classification mention*legʰ-ine-pro
- Inherited-form mentionlienenm
- Inherited-form mentionliċġanang
- Inherited-form mention*liggjangmw-pro
- Inherited-form mention*ligjanągem-pro
- Derivation mention*legʰ-ine-pro
- Cognate mentionleeyol
- Cognate mentionladefrr
- Cognate mentionlääsestq · to lie; to lay
- Cognate mentionlizzefy · to lie
- Cognate mentionliggegsw · to lie
- Cognate mentionlijjegmw-cfr · to lie
- Cognate mentionliegende · to lie
- Cognate mentionleienlb · to lie
- Cognate mentionליגןyi · to lie
- Cognate mentionliggenn
- Cognate mentionliggasv · to lie
- Cognate mention𐌻𐌹𐌲𐌰𐌽got · to lie, to rest
- Cognate mentionlaighga
- Cognate mentionlhiegv · lie; lay
- Cognate mentionlaighgd · lie; lay
- Cognate mention𐌋𐌄𐌂𐌄𐌕xfa · he lies down
- Cognate mentionlectusla · bed
- Cognate mention𐌅𐌄𐌉𐌀𐌕spx · to lie
- Cognate mentionλέχομαιgrc · to lie down
- Cognate mentionlagsq · band, encampment, troop
- Cognate mentionляжа́цьbe · to lie
- Cognate mentionлежа́bg · to lie
- Cognate mentionležetcs · to lie
- Cognate mentionлежиmk · to lie
- Cognate mentionleżećpl · to lie
- Cognate mentionлежа́тьru · to lie
- Cognate mentionлѐжатиsh
- Cognate mentionležátisl · to lie
- Cognate mentionлежа́тиuk · to lie
- Cognate mentionlyäk-txb · to lie
This page abbreviates 6 auxiliary source items. The etymology narrative is not shortened. Omission counts are available in the audit fields below; consult the original for complete auxiliary material.
Inspect preserved source fields
Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.
{
"templates": [
{
"name": "root",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*legʰ-"
},
"expansion": ""
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "lien"
},
"expansion": "Middle English lien"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "liċġan"
},
"expansion": "Old English liċġan"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*liggjan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *liggjan"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*ligjaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *ligjaną"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*legʰ-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *legʰ-"
},
{
"name": "col-top",
"args": {
"1": "2",
"2": "cog"
},
"expansion": "Cognates"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "yol",
"2": "lee"
},
"expansion": "Yola lee"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "frr",
"2": "lade"
},
"expansion": "North Frisian lade"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "lääse",
"t": "to lie; to lay"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian lääse (“to lie; to lay”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "lizze",
"t": "to lie"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian lizze (“to lie”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "gsw",
"2": "ligge",
"t": "to lie"
},
"expansion": "Alemannic German ligge (“to lie”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "gmw-cfr",
"2": "lijje",
"t": "to lie"
},
"expansion": "Central Franconian lijje (“to lie”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nl,nds-nl",
"2": "liggen",
"t": "to lie"
},
"expansion": "Dutch and Dutch Low Saxon liggen (“to lie”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "liegen",
"t": "to lie"
},
"expansion": "German liegen (“to lie”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "ligge"
},
"expansion": "German Low German ligge"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "lb",
"2": "leien",
"t": "to lie"
},
"expansion": "Luxembourgish leien (“to lie”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "yi",
"2": "ליגן",
"t": "to lie"
},
"expansion": "Yiddish ליגן (lign, “to lie”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "da,nb",
"2": "ligge",
"t": "to lie"
},
"expansion": "Danish and Norwegian Bokmål ligge (“to lie”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "fo,is",
"2": "liggja",
"t": "to lie"
},
"expansion": "Faroese and Icelandic liggja (“to lie”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "ligge"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk ligge"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "ligga",
"t": "to lie"
},
"expansion": "Swedish ligga (“to lie”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌻𐌹𐌲𐌰𐌽",
"t": "to lie, to rest"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐌻𐌹𐌲𐌰𐌽 (ligan, “to lie, to rest”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "laigh"
},
"expansion": "Irish laigh"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "gv",
"2": "lhie",
"t": "lie; lay"
},
"expansion": "Manx lhie (“lie; lay”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "gd",
"2": "laigh",
"t": "lie; lay"
},
"expansion": "Scottish Gaelic laigh (“lie; lay”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "xfa",
"2": "𐌋𐌄𐌂𐌄𐌕",
"t": "he lies down"
},
"expansion": "Faliscan 𐌋𐌄𐌂𐌄𐌕 (lecet, “he lies down”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "lectus",
"t": "bed"
},
"expansion": "Latin lectus (“bed”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "spx",
"2": "𐌅𐌄𐌉𐌀𐌕",
"t": "to lie"
},
"expansion": "South Picene 𐌅𐌄𐌉𐌀𐌕 (veiat, “to lie”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "λέχομαι",
"t": "to lie down"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek λέχομαι (lékhomai, “to lie down”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "lag",
"t": "band, encampment, troop"
},
"expansion": "Albanian lag (“band, encampment, troop”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "ляжа́ць",
"t": "to lie"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian ляжа́ць (ljažácʹ, “to lie”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "лежа́",
"t": "to lie"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian лежа́ (ležá, “to lie”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "ležet",
"t": "to lie"
},
"expansion": "Czech ležet (“to lie”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "лежи",
"t": "to lie"
},
"expansion": "Macedonian лежи (leži, “to lie”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "leżeć",
"t": "to lie"
},
"expansion": "Polish leżeć (“to lie”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "лежа́ть",
"t": "to lie"
},
"expansion": "Russian лежа́ть (ležátʹ, “to lie”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "лѐжати"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian лѐжати"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "ležáti",
"t": "to lie"
},
"expansion": "Slovene ležáti (“to lie”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "лежа́ти",
"t": "to lie"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian лежа́ти (ležáty, “to lie”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "txb",
"2": "lyäk-",
"t": "to lie"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian B lyäk- (“to lie”)"
}
],
"links": [
[
"lien",
"lien#Middle_English"
],
[
"liggen",
"liggen#Middle_English"
],
[
"liċġan",
"licgan#Old_English"
],
[
"*liggjan",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/liggjan"
],
[
"*ligjaną",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/ligjaną"
],
[
"*legʰ-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/legʰ-"
],
[
"lee",
"lee#Yola"
],
[
"lidge",
"lidge#Yola"
],
[
"lade",
"lade#North_Frisian"
],
[
"lai",
"lai#North_Frisian"
],
[
"laie",
"laie#North_Frisian"
],
[
"lei",
"lei#North_Frisian"
],
[
"lii",
"lii#North_Frisian"
],
[
"läde",
"läde#North_Frisian"
],
[
"läie",
"läie#North_Frisian"
],
[
"lääse",
"lääse#Saterland_Frisian"
],
[
"lizze",
"lizze#West_Frisian"
],
[
"ligge",
"ligge#Alemannic_German"
],
[
"lijje",
"lijje#Central_Franconian"
],
[
"Dutch",
"liggen#Dutch"
],
[
"liggen",
"liggen#Low_German"
],
[
"liegen",
"liegen#German"
],
[
"ligge",
"ligge#Low_German"
],
[
"liggen",
"liggen#Low_German"
],
[
"leien",
"leien#Luxembourgish"
],
[
"ליגן",
"ליגן#Yiddish"
],
[
"Danish",
"ligge#Danish"
],
[
"ligge",
"ligge#Norwegian_Bokmål"
],
[
"Faroese",
"liggja#Faroese"
],
[
"liggja",
"liggja#Icelandic"
],
[
"ligge",
"ligge#Norwegian_Nynorsk"
],
[
"liggja",
"liggja#Norwegian_Nynorsk"
],
[
"liggje",
"liggje#Norwegian_Nynorsk"
],
[
"ligga",
"ligga#Swedish"
],
[
"𐌻𐌹𐌲𐌰𐌽",
"𐌻𐌹𐌲𐌰𐌽#Gothic"
],
[
"laigh",
"laigh#Irish"
],
[
"luigh",
"luigh#Irish"
],
[
"lhie",
"lhie#Manx"
],
[
"laigh",
"laigh#Scottish_Gaelic"
],
[
"𐌋𐌄𐌂𐌄𐌕",
"𐌋𐌄𐌂𐌄𐌕#Faliscan"
],
[
"lectus",
"lectus#Latin"
],
[
"𐌅𐌄𐌉𐌀𐌕",
"𐌅𐌄𐌉𐌀𐌕#South_Picene"
],
[
"λέχομαι",
"λέχομαι#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"lag",
"lag#Albanian"
],
[
"ляжа́ць",
"ляжаць#Belarusian"
],
[
"лежа́",
"лежа#Bulgarian"
],
[
"ležet",
"ležet#Czech"
],
[
"лежи",
"лежи#Macedonian"
],
[
"leżeć",
"leżeć#Polish"
],
[
"лежа́ть",
"лежать#Russian"
],
[
"лѐжати",
"лежати#Serbo-Croatian"
],
[
"lèžati",
"ležati#Serbo-Croatian"
],
[
"ležáti",
"ležati#Slovene"
],
[
"лежа́ти",
"лежати#Ukrainian"
],
[
"lyäk-",
"lyäk-#Tocharian_B"
],
[
"position",
"position#English"
],
[
"noun",
"#Noun"
],
[
"verb",
"#Verb"
]
],
"references": [],
"descendants": [],
"lexical": [
{
"pos": "verb",
"glosses": [
"To rest in a horizontal position on a surface.",
"To be placed or situated.",
"To abide; to remain for a longer or shorter time; to be in a certain state or condition.",
"Used with in: to be or exist; to belong or pertain; to have an abiding place; to consist."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"copulative"
],
"recordId": "8b7cc11a37cc719d8d3a54a881595cada749053f6ec685a4e26d5cf2042e369e",
"rawRecordSha256": "f3e4d7075066b909fec3b59402586a56977eb119984db1985c8c76020204f477",
"sourceRecordOrdinal": 31533
},
{
"pos": "noun",
"glosses": [
"The terrain and conditions surrounding the ball before it is struck.",
"The terrain and conditions surrounding the disc before it is thrown.",
"The position of a fetus in the womb.",
"A manner of lying; relative position."
],
"tags": [],
"recordId": "deb8178abaf73d0a83db0841109fcc76b7d2ebaff95ddd3938297f4491041319",
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"sourceRecordOrdinal": 31534
}
],
"omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
"templates": 0,
"links": 0,
"references": 0,
"descendants": 0,
"lexicalRecords": 0,
"lexicalSenses": 6,
"glosses": 0
}
}