*SET-U

English word origin

Etymology of lest

c. 1200, contracted from Middle English les te (“less that”), from Old English þȳ lǣs þe (“whereby less that”), from þȳ (instrumental case of demonstrative article þæt (“that”)) + lǣs (“less”) + þe (“that,” relative part

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In this entry · 1 source sections

The source etymologies

Wiktionary via Kaikki / Wiktextract

The source reports below are imported and unreviewed by *SET-U. Separate numbered origins and differing source variants are preserved; agreement within this extraction is not independent corroboration.

Unnumbered source etymology

Original entry ↗
conj

For fear that; that not; in order to prevent something from happening; in case. · that (without the negative particle; introduces the reason for an emotion.)

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

c. 1200, contracted from Middle English les te (“less that”), from Old English þȳ lǣs þe (“whereby less that”), from þȳ (instrumental case of demonstrative article þæt (“that”)) + lǣs (“less”) + þe (“that,” relative particle). The þȳ was dropped and the remaining two words contracted into leste.

Relationships mentioned by the source

These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.

  • Inherited-form mentionles teenm · less that
  • Inherited-form mentionþȳ lǣs þeang · whereby less that
Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

{
  "templates": [
    {
      "name": "circa2",
      "args": {
        "1": "1200",
        "short": "yes"
      },
      "expansion": "c. 1200"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "les te",
        "t": "less that"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English les te (“less that”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "þȳ lǣs þe",
        "t": "whereby less that"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English þȳ lǣs þe (“whereby less that”)"
    }
  ],
  "links": [
    [
      "les te",
      "les te#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "þȳ lǣs þe",
      "þy læs þe#Old_English"
    ],
    [
      "þȳ",
      "þy#Old_English"
    ],
    [
      "þæt",
      "þæt#Old_English"
    ],
    [
      "lǣs",
      "læs#Old_English"
    ],
    [
      "þe",
      "þe#Old_English"
    ],
    [
      "þȳ",
      "þy#Old_English"
    ]
  ],
  "references": [],
  "descendants": [],
  "lexical": [
    {
      "pos": "conj",
      "glosses": [
        "For fear that; that not; in order to prevent something from happening; in case.",
        "that (without the negative particle; introduces the reason for an emotion.)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "literary"
      ],
      "recordId": "d32eb31b4cba2f59d9fe8ab730baebe8981dcd7cb7ef6d9d9aac74c6fff6edd1",
      "rawRecordSha256": "15744aa25c2b0225776d69317e317f8c4decf9644e4c4b8e575cd97f57ec4299",
      "sourceRecordOrdinal": 237917
    }
  ],
  "omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
    "templates": 0,
    "links": 0,
    "references": 0,
    "descendants": 0,
    "lexicalRecords": 0,
    "lexicalSenses": 0,
    "glosses": 0
  }
}

Where this record stops

This page does not supply an independently verified sound-change sequence, first-use manuscript or complete family tree unless a cited analysis explicitly establishes one. Missing detail here is a limit of this record—not a claim that humanity knows nothing more.

An older meaning does not determine what a word must mean today. Follow the sources, preserve disagreements, and keep ancestry separate from interpretation.

Contribute located evidence for lest →

Source and snapshot

Imported from Wiktionary contributors; extracted by Tatu Ylonen / Wiktextract / Kaikki.org. Selected fields are reformatted and grouped; wording, source identity and etymology sections are retained. CC-BY-SA-4.0 applies to the imported source material.

Dump: 2026-10-01 · Extracted: 2026-10-30. These are snapshot dates, not the word’s first attestation or the page’s revision date.

Source entry and bibliography ↗Wiktionary revision history ↗Acquisition and rights ledger
Machine-source provenance
Source SHA-256
5ff2c072f8099f2d2ce484bd6957bf179f046d2ad37bc36555edf8bb84cb5291
Import run
73216b9a9b78ed3830994bf853103716f5a4dc57099e371e9f8fdc468facca26
Permanent entry ID
w-bGVzdA