Unnumbered source etymology · variant 1/2
Original entry ↗noun
Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventoryA tool for finding whether a surface is level, or for creating a horizontal or vertical line of reference. · A distance relative to a given reference elevation. · Degree or amount. · Achievement or qualification.
Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *leyH-der. Proto-Indo-European *-dʰromder. Proto-Italic *līðrā? Latin lībra Proto-Indo-European *-lós Proto-Indo-European *-elós Proto-Italic *-elos Latin -la Latin libella Old French livelbor. Middle English level English level From Middle English level, from Old French livel, liveau m, later nivel, niveau, from Latin libella f (“a balance, a level”), diminutive of libra f (“a balance, a level”); see libra, librate. Doublet of libella and niveau. The verb is from Middle English levelen, from the noun.
Relationships mentioned by the source
These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.
This page abbreviates 8 auxiliary source items. The etymology narrative is not shortened. Omission counts are available in the audit fields below; consult the original for complete auxiliary material.
Inspect preserved source fields
Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.
{
"templates": [
{
"name": "ety",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "enm:level<ety:bor<fro:livel<ety:inh<la:libella>>>>",
"tree": "+"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *leyH-der.\nProto-Indo-European *-dʰromder.\nProto-Italic *līðrā?\nLatin lībra\nProto-Indo-European *-lós\nProto-Indo-European *-elós\nProto-Italic *-elos\nLatin -la\nLatin libella\nOld French livelbor.\nMiddle English level\nEnglish level\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*leyH-\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-dʰrom\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*līðrā\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"lībra\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"alt\" : \"-la\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"diminutive\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-elós\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"agent nouns\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-lós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-elos\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-lus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"libella\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"livel\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"level\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"level\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"level\">"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "level"
},
"expansion": "Middle English level"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "livel"
},
"expansion": "Old French livel"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "libella",
"4": "",
"5": "a balance, a level",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "Latin libella f (“a balance, a level”)"
},
{
"name": "doublet",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "libella",
"3": "niveau"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of libella and niveau"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "levelen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English levelen"
},
{
"name": "ety",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "enm:level<ety:bor<fro:livel<ety:inh<la:libella>>>>",
"tree": "+"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *leyH-der.\nProto-Indo-European *-dʰromder.\nProto-Italic *līðrā?\nLatin lībra\nProto-Indo-European *-lós\nProto-Indo-European *-elós\nProto-Italic *-elos\nLatin -la\nLatin libella\nOld French livelbor.\nMiddle English level\nEnglish level"
}
],
"links": [
[
"*leyH-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/leyH-"
],
[
"*-dʰrom",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-dʰrom"
],
[
"*līðrā",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/līðrā"
],
[
"lībra",
"libra#Latin"
],
[
"*-lós",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-lós#Proto-Indo-European:_agent_nouns"
],
[
"*-elos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/-elos#Proto-Italic:_diminutive"
],
[
"-la",
"-lus#Latin"
],
[
"libella",
"libella#Latin"
],
[
"livel",
"livel#Old_French"
],
[
"level",
"level#Middle_English"
],
[
"level",
"level#Middle_English"
],
[
"livel",
"livel#Old_French"
],
[
"liveau",
"liveau#Old_French"
],
[
"nivel",
"nivel#Old_French"
],
[
"niveau",
"niveau#Old_French"
],
[
"libella",
"libella#Latin"
],
[
"libra",
"libra#Latin"
],
[
"libra",
"libra"
],
[
"librate",
"librate"
],
[
"libella",
"libella#English"
],
[
"niveau",
"niveau#English"
],
[
"levelen",
"levelen#Middle_English"
]
],
"references": [],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"word": "Level",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
},
{
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"word": "leibhéal",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
},
{
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"word": "レベル",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "reberu",
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"word": "레벨",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "rebel"
}
]
},
{
"lang": "Tamil",
"lang_code": "ta",
"word": "லெவல்",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "leval"
},
{
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"word": "level",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
},
{
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"word": "lefel",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
}
],
"lexical": [
{
"pos": "noun",
"glosses": [
"A tool for finding whether a surface is level, or for creating a horizontal or vertical line of reference.",
"A distance relative to a given reference elevation.",
"Degree or amount.",
"Achievement or qualification."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"recordId": "71d8417f90f20cd216b8bcbd0fa17270954d05a6c7a30972975c1dcb18aef304",
"rawRecordSha256": "6f292813fa188185efbac2d342ab0924c5f0d4446db5eeaff6f386bc9371a9d2",
"sourceRecordOrdinal": 218614
}
],
"omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
"templates": 0,
"links": 0,
"references": 0,
"descendants": 0,
"lexicalRecords": 0,
"lexicalSenses": 8,
"glosses": 0
}
}