Source etymology 1
Original entry ↗verb
To descend to a surface, especially from the air. · To alight, to descend from a vehicle. · To come into rest. · To arrive on land, especially a shore or dock, from a body of water.
noun
Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventoryThe part of Earth which is not covered by oceans or other bodies of water. · Real estate or landed property; a partitioned and measurable area which is owned and acquired and on which buildings and structures can be built and erected. · A country or region. · A person's country of origin and/or homeplace; homeland.
Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *lendʰ- Proto-Indo-European *-om Proto-Germanic *landą Proto-West Germanic *land Old English land Middle English lond English land From Middle English lond, land, from Old English land, from Proto-West Germanic *land, from Proto-Germanic *landą (“land”), from Proto-Indo-European *lendʰ- (“land, heath”). Cognates Cognate with Scots laund (“land”), Yola lhoan, lloan, loan, londe, lone (“land”), North Frisian loun, luin, lun, Lön, lönj, löön (“land”), Saterland Frisian Lound (“land”), West Frisian lân (“land”), Limburgish Land, landj, Laïnt (“land”), Dutch land (“land, country”), Luxembourgish and German Land (“land, country, state”), Vilamovian łaond (“land”), Danish, Elfdalian, Faroese, Icelandic, Norwegian Bokmål, Norwegian Nynorsk and Swedish land (“land, country, shore, territory”). Non-Germanic cognates include Old Irish lann (“heath”), Welsh llan (“enclosure”), Breton lann (“heath”), Old Church Slavonic лѧдо (lędo), from Proto-Slavic *lędo (“heath, wasteland”), French lande (“heath”) and Albanian lëndinë (“heath, grassland”).
Relationships mentioned by the source
These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.
- Inherited-form mentionlondenm
- Inherited-form mentionlandang
- Inherited-form mention*landgmw-pro
- Inherited-form mention*landągem-pro
- Derivation mention*lendʰ-ine-pro
- Cognate mentionlaundsco · land
- Cognate mentionlhoanyol
- Cognate mentionlounfrr
- Cognate mentionLoundstq · land
- Cognate mentionlânfy · land
- Cognate mentionLandli
- Cognate mentionlandnl · land, country
- Cognate mentionLandde · land, country, state
- Cognate mentionłaondwym · land
- Cognate mentionlandsv · land, country, shore, territory
- Cognate mentionlannsga · heath
- Cognate mentionllancy · enclosure
- Cognate mentionlannbr · heath
- Cognate mentionлѧдоcu
- Cognate mention*lędosla-pro · heath, wasteland
- Cognate mentionlandefr · heath
- Cognate mentionlëndinësq · heath, grassland
This page abbreviates 20 auxiliary source items. The etymology narrative is not shortened. Omission counts are available in the audit fields below; consult the original for complete auxiliary material.
Inspect preserved source fields
Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.
{
"templates": [
{
"name": "etymon",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "enm:lond<id:nation>",
"id": "area of ground",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *lendʰ-\nProto-Indo-European *-om\nProto-Germanic *landą\nProto-West Germanic *land\nOld English land\nMiddle English lond\nEnglish land\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*land\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"land\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"lond\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"land\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-id=\"area of ground\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"land\" id=\"English:_area_of_ground\">"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "lond"
},
"expansion": "Middle English lond"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "land"
},
"expansion": "Old English land"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*land"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *land"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*landą",
"4": "",
"5": "land"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *landą (“land”)"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*lendʰ-",
"4": "",
"5": "land, heath",
"id": "land"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *lendʰ- (“land, heath”)"
},
{
"name": "col-top",
"args": {
"1": "2",
"2": "cog"
},
"expansion": "Cognates"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "laund",
"t": "land"
},
"expansion": "Scots laund (“land”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "yol",
"2": "lhoan"
},
"expansion": "Yola lhoan"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "frr",
"2": "loun"
},
"expansion": "North Frisian loun"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "Lound",
"t": "land"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian Lound (“land”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "lân",
"t": "land"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian lân (“land”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "li",
"2": "Land"
},
"expansion": "Limburgish Land"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "land",
"t": "land, country"
},
"expansion": "Dutch land (“land, country”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "lb",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Luxembourgish"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Land",
"t": "land, country, state"
},
"expansion": "German Land (“land, country, state”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "wym",
"2": "łaond",
"t": "land"
},
"expansion": "Vilamovian łaond (“land”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Danish"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "ovd",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Elfdalian"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Faroese"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "land",
"t": "land, country, shore, territory"
},
"expansion": "Swedish land (“land, country, shore, territory”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "lann",
"t": "heath"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish lann (“heath”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "llan",
"t": "enclosure"
},
"expansion": "Welsh llan (“enclosure”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "lann",
"t": "heath"
},
"expansion": "Breton lann (“heath”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "лѧдо"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic лѧдо (lędo)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*lędo",
"t": "heath, wasteland"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *lędo (“heath, wasteland”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "lande",
"t": "heath"
},
"expansion": "French lande (“heath”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "lëndinë",
"t": "heath, grassland"
},
"expansion": "Albanian lëndinë (“heath, grassland”)"
},
{
"name": "etymon",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "enm:lond<id:nation>",
"id": "area of ground",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *lendʰ-\nProto-Indo-European *-om\nProto-Germanic *landą\nProto-West Germanic *land\nOld English land\nMiddle English lond\nEnglish land"
}
],
"links": [
[
"*lendʰ-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/lendʰ-#Proto-Indo-European:_land"
],
[
"*-om",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-om#Proto-Indo-European:_neuter_o-stem"
],
[
"*landą",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/landą#Proto-Germanic:_land"
],
[
"*land",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/land#Proto-West_Germanic:_area_of_ground"
],
[
"land",
"land#Old_English:_area_of_ground"
],
[
"lond",
"lond#Middle_English:_nation"
],
[
"lond",
"lond#Middle_English"
],
[
"land",
"land#Middle_English"
],
[
"land",
"land#Old_English"
],
[
"*land",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/land"
],
[
"*landą",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/landą"
],
[
"*lendʰ-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/lendʰ-#Proto-Indo-European:_land"
],
[
"laund",
"laund#Scots"
],
[
"lhoan",
"lhoan#Yola"
],
[
"lloan",
"lloan#Yola"
],
[
"loan",
"loan#Yola"
],
[
"londe",
"londe#Yola"
],
[
"lone",
"lone#Yola"
],
[
"loun",
"loun#North_Frisian"
],
[
"luin",
"luin#North_Frisian"
],
[
"lun",
"lun#North_Frisian"
],
[
"Lön",
"Lön#North_Frisian"
],
[
"lönj",
"lönj#Chong"
],
[
"löön",
"löön#North_Frisian"
],
[
"Lound",
"Lound#Saterland_Frisian"
],
[
"lân",
"lân#West_Frisian"
],
[
"Land",
"Land#Limburgish"
],
[
"landj",
"landj#Limburgish"
],
[
"Laïnt",
"Laïnt#Limburgish"
],
[
"land",
"land#Dutch"
],
[
"Land",
"Land#German"
],
[
"łaond",
"łaond#Vilamovian"
],
[
"land",
"land#Swedish"
],
[
"lann",
"lann#Old_Irish"
],
[
"llan",
"llan#Welsh"
],
[
"lann",
"lann#Breton"
],
[
"лѧдо",
"лѧдо#Old_Church_Slavonic"
],
[
"*lędo",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/lędo"
],
[
"lande",
"lande#French"
],
[
"lëndinë",
"lëndinë#Albanian"
]
],
"references": [],
"descendants": [],
"lexical": [
{
"pos": "verb",
"glosses": [
"To descend to a surface, especially from the air.",
"To alight, to descend from a vehicle.",
"To come into rest.",
"To arrive on land, especially a shore or dock, from a body of water."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"dated"
],
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"sourceRecordOrdinal": 157259
},
{
"pos": "noun",
"glosses": [
"The part of Earth which is not covered by oceans or other bodies of water.",
"Real estate or landed property; a partitioned and measurable area which is owned and acquired and on which buildings and structures can be built and erected.",
"A country or region.",
"A person's country of origin and/or homeplace; homeland."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
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"rawRecordSha256": "3b56f6911e071983289dc0df0b5704605bd6765601f30aa48f7d68c8816c3a26",
"sourceRecordOrdinal": 157258
}
],
"omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
"templates": 0,
"links": 0,
"references": 0,
"descendants": 0,
"lexicalRecords": 0,
"lexicalSenses": 20,
"glosses": 0
}
}