*SET-U

English word origin

Etymology of lakh

Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₂lek- Sanskrit रक्ष् (rakṣ)? Sanskrit लक्ष् (lakṣ) Sanskrit लक्ष (lakṣa) Hindustanibor. English lakh Borrowed from Hindustani लाख or لاکھ (lākh), from Sanskrit लक्ष (lakṣa), from लक्ष

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In this entry · 1 source sections

The source etymologies

Wiktionary via Kaikki / Wiktextract

The source reports below are imported and unreviewed by *SET-U. Separate numbered origins and differing source variants are preserved; agreement within this extraction is not independent corroboration.

Unnumbered source etymology

Original entry ↗
noun

One hundred thousand rupees. · Often in the plural: an indefinitely large number; a zillion.

num

One hundred thousand (10⁵): 100,000, that is, with Indian digit grouping, 1,00,000.

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₂lek- Sanskrit रक्ष् (rakṣ)? Sanskrit लक्ष् (lakṣ) Sanskrit लक्ष (lakṣa) Hindustanibor. English lakh Borrowed from Hindustani लाख or لاکھ (lākh), from Sanskrit लक्ष (lakṣa), from लक्ष् (lakṣ, “to mark; to sign; to observe, perceive”), possibly from रक्ष् (rakṣ, “to observe (a duty, law, etc.); to guard, protect”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂lek- (“to protect”).

Relationships mentioned by the source

These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.

Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

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    {
      "name": "number box",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "100000"
      },
      "expansion": ""
    },
    {
      "name": "ety",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": ":bor",
        "3": "inc-hnd:-<ety:inh<sa:लक्ष>>",
        "tree": "+"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₂lek-\nSanskrit रक्ष् (rakṣ)?\nSanskrit लक्ष् (lakṣ)\nSanskrit लक्ष (lakṣa)\nHindustanibor.\nEnglish lakh\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"lang_name\" : \"Hindustani\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"protect\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₂lek-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" }, { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-Iranian\", \"term\" : \"*Hrakš-\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"iir-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-Aryan\", \"term\" : \"*Hrakṣ-\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"inc-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"root\", \"is_invisible\" : \"all\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Sanskrit\", \"term\" : \"रक्ष्\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sa\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Sanskrit\", \"term\" : \"लक्ष्\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sa\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Sanskrit\", \"term\" : \"लक्ष\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sa\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang\" : \"inc-hnd\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"lakh\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"lakh\">"
    },
    {
      "name": "root",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₂lek-"
      },
      "expansion": ""
    },
    {
      "name": "bor+",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "inc-hnd"
      },
      "expansion": "Borrowed from Hindustani"
    },
    {
      "name": "der",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "sa",
        "3": "लक्ष"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit लक्ष (lakṣa)"
    },
    {
      "name": "der",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₂lek-",
        "t": "to protect"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂lek- (“to protect”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "ety",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": ":bor",
        "3": "inc-hnd:-<ety:inh<sa:लक्ष>>",
        "tree": "+"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₂lek-\nSanskrit रक्ष् (rakṣ)?\nSanskrit लक्ष् (lakṣ)\nSanskrit लक्ष (lakṣa)\nHindustanibor.\nEnglish lakh"
    }
  ],
  "links": [
    [
      "*h₂lek-",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂lek-#Proto-Indo-European:_protect"
    ],
    [
      "रक्ष्",
      "रक्ष्#Sanskrit"
    ],
    [
      "लक्ष्",
      "लक्ष्#Sanskrit"
    ],
    [
      "लक्ष",
      "लक्ष#Sanskrit"
    ],
    [
      "लाख",
      "लाख#Hindi"
    ],
    [
      "لاکھ",
      "لاکھ#Urdu"
    ],
    [
      "लक्ष",
      "लक्ष#Sanskrit"
    ],
    [
      "लक्ष्",
      "लक्ष्#Sanskrit"
    ],
    [
      "रक्ष्",
      "रक्ष्#Sanskrit"
    ],
    [
      "*h₂lek-",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂lek-"
    ]
  ],
  "references": [],
  "descendants": [],
  "lexical": [
    {
      "pos": "noun",
      "glosses": [
        "One hundred thousand rupees.",
        "Often in the plural: an indefinitely large number; a zillion."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Myanmar",
        "South-Asia",
        "figuratively"
      ],
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    },
    {
      "pos": "num",
      "glosses": [
        "One hundred thousand (10⁵): 100,000, that is, with Indian digit grouping, 1,00,000."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Myanmar",
        "South-Asia"
      ],
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      "rawRecordSha256": "37d715c6b89012b729f22394eb8f86c26904e5e293942dbd5186775224296532",
      "sourceRecordOrdinal": 241611
    }
  ],
  "omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
    "templates": 0,
    "links": 0,
    "references": 0,
    "descendants": 0,
    "lexicalRecords": 0,
    "lexicalSenses": 0,
    "glosses": 0
  }
}

Where this record stops

This page does not supply an independently verified sound-change sequence, first-use manuscript or complete family tree unless a cited analysis explicitly establishes one. Missing detail here is a limit of this record—not a claim that humanity knows nothing more.

An older meaning does not determine what a word must mean today. Follow the sources, preserve disagreements, and keep ancestry separate from interpretation.

Contribute located evidence for lakh →

Source and snapshot

Imported from Wiktionary contributors; extracted by Tatu Ylonen / Wiktextract / Kaikki.org. Selected fields are reformatted and grouped; wording, source identity and etymology sections are retained. CC-BY-SA-4.0 applies to the imported source material.

Dump: 2026-10-01 · Extracted: 2026-10-30. These are snapshot dates, not the word’s first attestation or the page’s revision date.

Source entry and bibliography ↗Wiktionary revision history ↗Acquisition and rights ledger
Machine-source provenance
Source SHA-256
5ff2c072f8099f2d2ce484bd6957bf179f046d2ad37bc36555edf8bb84cb5291
Import run
73216b9a9b78ed3830994bf853103716f5a4dc57099e371e9f8fdc468facca26
Permanent entry ID
w-bGFraA