Source etymology 1
Original entry ↗To work as a lawyer; to practice law. · To prosecute or sue (someone), to litigate. · To rule over (with a certain effect) by law; to govern. · To enforce the law.
The body of binding rules and regulations, customs, and standards established in a community by its legislative and judicial authorities. · The body of such rules that pertain to a particular topic. · Common law, as contrasted with equity. · A binding regulation or custom established in a community in this way.
Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *legʰ-der. Proto-Germanic *lagą Old Norse lag Old Norse lǫgbor. Old English lagu Middle English lawe English law From Middle English lawe, laȝe, from Old English lagu (“law”), borrowed from Old Norse lǫg (“law”, literally “things laid down or firmly established”), originally the plural of lag (“layer, stratum, a laying in order, measure, stroke”), from Proto-Germanic *lagą (“that which is laid down”), from Proto-Indo-European *legʰ- (“to lie”). Cognate with Scots law (“law”), Icelandic lög (“things laid down, law”), Faroese lóg (“law”), Norwegian lov (“law”), Swedish lag (“law”), Danish lov (“law”), Finnish laki (“law”). Compare typologically distant cognate Russian уложе́ние (uložénije). Displaced native Old English ǣ and ġesetnes. More at lay. Not related to legal, nor to French loi, Spanish ley, all of which ultimately derive from Latin lēx, from Proto-Indo-European *leǵ- (“to gather”).
Relationships mentioned by the source
These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.
- Inherited-form mentionlaweenm
- Inherited-form mentionlaguang · law
- Derivation mentionlǫgnon · law
- Derivation mention*lagągem-pro · that which is laid down
- Derivation mention*legʰ-ine-pro · to lie
- Cognate mentionlawsco · law
- Cognate mentionlögis · things laid down, law
- Cognate mentionlógfo · law
- Cognate mentionlovno · law
- Cognate mentionlagsv · law
- Cognate mentionlovda · law
- Cognate mentionlakifi · law
- Non-cognate comparisonloifr
- Non-cognate comparisonleyes
- Non-cognate comparisonlēxla
- Non-cognate comparison*leǵ-ine-pro · to gather
This page abbreviates 17 auxiliary source items. The etymology narrative is not shortened. Omission counts are available in the audit fields below; consult the original for complete auxiliary material.
Inspect preserved source fields
Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.
{
"templates": [
{
"name": "etymon",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "enm:lawe",
"id": "rule",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *legʰ-der.\nProto-Germanic *lagą\nOld Norse lag\nOld Norse lǫgbor.\nOld English lagu\nMiddle English lawe\nEnglish law\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*legʰ-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*lagą\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Norse\", \"term\" : \"lag\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"non\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Norse\", \"term\" : \"lǫg\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"non\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"lagu\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"lawe\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"law\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-id=\"rule\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"law\" id=\"English:_rule\">"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "lawe"
},
"expansion": "Middle English lawe"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "lagu",
"t": "law"
},
"expansion": "Old English lagu (“law”)"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "non",
"3": "lǫg",
"t": "law",
"lit": "things laid down or firmly established"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse lǫg (“law”, literally “things laid down or firmly established”)"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*lagą",
"t": "that which is laid down"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *lagą (“that which is laid down”)"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*legʰ-",
"t": "to lie"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *legʰ- (“to lie”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "law",
"t": "law"
},
"expansion": "Scots law (“law”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "lög",
"t": "things laid down, law"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic lög (“things laid down, law”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "lóg",
"t": "law"
},
"expansion": "Faroese lóg (“law”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "lov",
"t": "law"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian lov (“law”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "lag",
"t": "law"
},
"expansion": "Swedish lag (“law”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "lov",
"t": "law"
},
"expansion": "Danish lov (“law”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "laki",
"t": "law"
},
"expansion": "Finnish laki (“law”)"
},
{
"name": "m+",
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "уложе́ние"
},
"expansion": "Russian уложе́ние (uložénije)"
},
{
"name": "noncog",
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ǣ"
},
"expansion": "Old English ǣ"
},
{
"name": "ncog",
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "loi"
},
"expansion": "French loi"
},
{
"name": "ncog",
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "ley"
},
"expansion": "Spanish ley"
},
{
"name": "ncog",
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "lēx"
},
"expansion": "Latin lēx"
},
{
"name": "ncog",
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*leǵ-",
"t": "to gather"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *leǵ- (“to gather”)"
},
{
"name": "etymon",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "enm:lawe",
"id": "rule",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *legʰ-der.\nProto-Germanic *lagą\nOld Norse lag\nOld Norse lǫgbor.\nOld English lagu\nMiddle English lawe\nEnglish law"
}
],
"links": [
[
"*legʰ-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/legʰ-"
],
[
"*lagą",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/lagą"
],
[
"lag",
"lag#Old_Norse"
],
[
"lǫg",
"lǫg#Old_Norse"
],
[
"lagu",
"lagu#Old_English:_law"
],
[
"lawe",
"lawe#Middle_English"
],
[
"lawe",
"lawe#Middle_English"
],
[
"laȝe",
"laȝe#Middle_English"
],
[
"lagu",
"lagu#Old_English"
],
[
"lǫg",
"lǫg#Old_Norse"
],
[
"lag",
"lag#Old_Norse"
],
[
"*lagą",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/lagą"
],
[
"*legʰ-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/legʰ-"
],
[
"law",
"law#Scots"
],
[
"lög",
"lög#Icelandic"
],
[
"lóg",
"lóg#Faroese"
],
[
"lov",
"lov#Norwegian"
],
[
"lag",
"lag#Swedish"
],
[
"lov",
"lov#Danish"
],
[
"laki",
"laki#Finnish"
],
[
"уложе́ние",
"уложение#Russian"
],
[
"ǣ",
"æ#Old_English"
],
[
"ġesetnes",
"gesetnes#Old_English"
],
[
"lay",
"lay#English"
],
[
"legal",
"legal#English"
],
[
"loi",
"loi#French"
],
[
"ley",
"ley#Spanish"
],
[
"lēx",
"lex#Latin"
],
[
"*leǵ-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/leǵ-"
]
],
"references": [],
"descendants": [],
"lexical": [
{
"pos": "verb",
"glosses": [
"To work as a lawyer; to practice law.",
"To prosecute or sue (someone), to litigate.",
"To rule over (with a certain effect) by law; to govern.",
"To enforce the law."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"ambitransitive",
"dialectal",
"nonstandard",
"informal"
],
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"sourceRecordOrdinal": 28681
},
{
"pos": "noun",
"glosses": [
"The body of binding rules and regulations, customs, and standards established in a community by its legislative and judicial authorities.",
"The body of such rules that pertain to a particular topic.",
"Common law, as contrasted with equity.",
"A binding regulation or custom established in a community in this way."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable",
"usually",
"with-definite-article"
],
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"sourceRecordOrdinal": 28680
}
],
"omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
"templates": 0,
"links": 0,
"references": 0,
"descendants": 0,
"lexicalRecords": 0,
"lexicalSenses": 17,
"glosses": 0
}
}