Unnumbered source etymology
Original entry ↗verb
Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventoryTo be under an obligation to give something back to someone or to perform some action for someone. · To have debt; to be in debt. · To have as a cause; used with to.
Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₂eyḱ- Proto-Indo-European *h₂eh₂óyḱe Proto-Germanic *aiganą Proto-West Germanic *aigan Old English āgan Middle English owen English owe From Middle English owen, from Old English āgan, from Proto-West Germanic *aigan (“to own”), from Proto-Germanic *aiganą, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eh₂óyḱe (“to possess, own”), reduplicated stative of *h₂eyḱ- (“to own”). See also own, ought. Cognate with Sanskrit ईष्टे (īṣṭe, “to own, possess”).
Relationships mentioned by the source
These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.
Inspect preserved source fields
Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.
{
"templates": [
{
"name": "etymon",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "enm:owen<id:owe>",
"id": "under obligation",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₂eyḱ-\nProto-Indo-European *h₂eh₂óyḱe\nProto-Germanic *aiganą\nProto-West Germanic *aigan\nOld English āgan\nMiddle English owen\nEnglish owe\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*aiganą\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*aigan\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"āgan\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"owen\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"owe\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-id=\"under obligation\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"owe\" id=\"English:_under_obligation\">"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "owen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English owen"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "āgan"
},
"expansion": "Old English āgan"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*aigan",
"t": "to own"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *aigan (“to own”)"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*aiganą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *aiganą"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂eh₂óyḱe",
"t": "to possess, own"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂eh₂óyḱe (“to possess, own”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "ईष्टे",
"t": "to own, possess"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit ईष्टे (īṣṭe, “to own, possess”)"
},
{
"name": "etymon",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "enm:owen<id:owe>",
"id": "under obligation",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₂eyḱ-\nProto-Indo-European *h₂eh₂óyḱe\nProto-Germanic *aiganą\nProto-West Germanic *aigan\nOld English āgan\nMiddle English owen\nEnglish owe"
}
],
"links": [
[
"*h₂eyḱ-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂eyḱ-#Proto-Indo-European:_obtain"
],
[
"*h₂eh₂óyḱe",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂eh₂óyḱe#Proto-Indo-European:_own"
],
[
"*aiganą",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/aiganą#Proto-Germanic:_own"
],
[
"*aigan",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/aigan#Proto-West_Germanic:_own"
],
[
"āgan",
"agan#Old_English:_own"
],
[
"owen",
"owen#Middle_English:_owe"
],
[
"owen",
"owen#Middle_English"
],
[
"āgan",
"agan#Old_English"
],
[
"*aigan",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/aigan"
],
[
"*aiganą",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/aiganą"
],
[
"*h₂eh₂óyḱe",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂eh₂óyḱe"
],
[
"*h₂eyḱ-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂eyḱ-"
],
[
"own",
"own#English"
],
[
"ought",
"ought#English"
],
[
"ईष्टे",
"ईष्टे#Sanskrit"
]
],
"references": [],
"descendants": [],
"lexical": [
{
"pos": "verb",
"glosses": [
"To be under an obligation to give something back to someone or to perform some action for someone.",
"To have debt; to be in debt.",
"To have as a cause; used with to."
],
"tags": [
"ditransitive",
"intransitive",
"transitive"
],
"recordId": "02d2f592b586847a408439807a900c3d5e1520c8966fd62feba145e526e04234",
"rawRecordSha256": "9e41352650b87899a16e8e1d119d26cfb179287581c9d4bee8263af8782fc435",
"sourceRecordOrdinal": 247989
}
],
"omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
"templates": 0,
"links": 0,
"references": 0,
"descendants": 0,
"lexicalRecords": 0,
"lexicalSenses": 0,
"glosses": 0
}
}