Unnumbered source etymology
Original entry ↗prefix
Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventoryAbove, or higher. · Superior. · Excessive; excessively. · Surrounding or covering.
Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *úp Proto-Indo-European *-er Proto-Indo-European *upér Proto-Germanic *uber Old English ofer- Middle English over- English over- From Middle English over-, from Old English ofer-, from Proto-Germanic *uber, from Proto-Indo-European *upér. Cognate with Dutch over-, German über-, Swedish över-, Welsh gor-, Spanish sobre-, Armenian վեր- (ver-), Persian ابر (abar-). Doublet of super-, sur-, and hyper-. More at over.
Relationships mentioned by the source
These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.
- Inherited-form mentionover-enm
- Inherited-form mentionofer-ang
- Inherited-form mention*ubergem-pro
- Inherited-form mention*upérine-pro
- Cognate mentionover-nl
- Cognate mentionüber-de
- Cognate mentionöver-sv
- Cognate mentiongor-cy
- Cognate mentionsobre-es
- Cognate mentionվեր-hy
- Cognate mentionابرfa
- Doublet mentionsuper-en
- Doublet mentionsur-en
- Doublet mentionhyper-en
This page abbreviates 1 auxiliary source items. The etymology narrative is not shortened. Omission counts are available in the audit fields below; consult the original for complete auxiliary material.
Inspect preserved source fields
Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.
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"templates": [
{
"name": "etymon",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "enm:over-<ety:inh<ang:ofer->>",
"id": "above",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *úp\nProto-Indo-European *-er\nProto-Indo-European *upér\nProto-Germanic *uber\nOld English ofer-\nMiddle English over-\nEnglish over-\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*uber\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"ofer-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"over-\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"over-\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-id=\"above\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"over-\" id=\"English:_above\">"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "over-"
},
"expansion": "Middle English over-"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "ofer-"
},
"expansion": "Old English ofer-"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*uber"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *uber"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*upér"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *upér"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "over-"
},
"expansion": "Dutch over-"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "über-"
},
"expansion": "German über-"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "över-"
},
"expansion": "Swedish över-"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "gor-"
},
"expansion": "Welsh gor-"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "sobre-"
},
"expansion": "Spanish sobre-"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "hy",
"2": "վեր-"
},
"expansion": "Armenian վեր- (ver-)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ابر"
},
"expansion": "Persian ابر"
},
{
"name": "doublet",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "super-",
"3": "sur-",
"4": "hyper-"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of super-, sur-, and hyper-"
},
{
"name": "etymon",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "enm:over-<ety:inh<ang:ofer->>",
"id": "above",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *úp\nProto-Indo-European *-er\nProto-Indo-European *upér\nProto-Germanic *uber\nOld English ofer-\nMiddle English over-\nEnglish over-"
}
],
"links": [
[
"*úp",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/úp"
],
[
"*-er",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-r"
],
[
"*upér",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/upér"
],
[
"*uber",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/uber"
],
[
"ofer-",
"ofer-#Old_English"
],
[
"over-",
"over-#Middle_English"
],
[
"over-",
"over-#Middle_English"
],
[
"ofer-",
"ofer-#Old_English"
],
[
"*uber",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/uber"
],
[
"*upér",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/upér"
],
[
"over-",
"over-#Dutch"
],
[
"über-",
"über-#German"
],
[
"över-",
"över-#Swedish"
],
[
"gor-",
"gor-#Welsh"
],
[
"sobre-",
"sobre-#Spanish"
],
[
"վեր-",
"վեր-#Armenian"
],
[
"ابر",
"ابر#Persian"
],
[
"super-",
"super-#English"
],
[
"sur-",
"sur-#English"
],
[
"hyper-",
"hyper-#English"
],
[
"over",
"over#English"
]
],
"references": [],
"descendants": [],
"lexical": [
{
"pos": "prefix",
"glosses": [
"Above, or higher.",
"Superior.",
"Excessive; excessively.",
"Surrounding or covering."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
],
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