*SET-U

English word origin

Etymology of opium

Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *sokʷós Ancient Greek ὀπός (opós) Proto-Indo-European *-yóm Proto-Hellenic Ancient Greek -ῐον (-ĭon) Ancient Greek ὄπιον (ópion)bor. Latin opiumbor. ▲ Ancient Greek ὄπιον (ópion)bor. En

1 source sectionExtended source reportWiktionary original ↗
In this entry · 1 source sections

The source etymologies

Wiktionary via Kaikki / Wiktextract

The source reports below are imported and unreviewed by *SET-U. Separate numbered origins and differing source variants are preserved; agreement within this extraction is not independent corroboration.

Unnumbered source etymology

Original entry ↗
noun

A yellow-brown, addictive narcotic drug obtained from the dried juice of unripe pods of the opium poppy, Papaver somniferum, and containing alkaloids such as morphine, codeine, and papaverine. · Anything that numbs or stupefies.

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *sokʷós Ancient Greek ὀπός (opós) Proto-Indo-European *-yóm Proto-Hellenic Ancient Greek -ῐον (-ĭon) Ancient Greek ὄπιον (ópion)bor. Latin opiumbor. ▲ Ancient Greek ὄπιον (ópion)bor. English opium Borrowed from Latin opium and Ancient Greek ὄπιον (ópion), from ὀπός (opós, “juice of a plant”), from Proto-Indo-European *sokʷós (“juice, resin”).

Relationships mentioned by the source

These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.

Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

{
  "templates": [
    {
      "name": "etymon",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": ":bor",
        "3": "la:opium<id:drug>",
        "4": ":bor",
        "5": "grc:ὄπιον<id:opium>",
        "id": "drug",
        "tree": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *sokʷós\nAncient Greek ὀπός (opós)\nProto-Indo-European *-yóm\nProto-Hellenic\nAncient Greek -ῐον (-ĭon)\nAncient Greek ὄπιον (ópion)bor.\nLatin opiumbor.\n▲\nAncient Greek ὄπιον (ópion)bor.\nEnglish opium\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"drug\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"opium\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"plant juice\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"juice\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*sokʷós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"ὀπός\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Hellenic\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yóm\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang\" : \"grk-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"-ῐον\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"ὄπιον\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"opium\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" }, { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"id\" : \"opium\", \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"grc\", \"2\" : \":af<ref:<span class=\\\"citation-whole\\\"><span class=\\\"cited-source\\\">Beekes, Robert S. P. (<span class=\\\"None\\\" lang=\\\"und\\\">2010<\\/span>), “<span class=\\\"Polyt\\\" lang=\\\"grc\\\">ὀπός (&gt; DER &gt; 1. ὄπιον)<\\/span>”, in <cite>[https:\\/\\/archive.org\\/details\\/etymological-dictionary-of-greek_202306 Etymological Dictionary of Greek]<\\/cite> (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series&#59; <span class=\\\"None\\\" lang=\\\"und\\\">10<\\/span>), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston&#58; Brill, <small>→ISBN<\\/small>, page <span class=\\\"None\\\" lang=\\\"und\\\">1093<\\/span><\\/span><\\/span>>\", \"3\" : \"ὀπός<t:plant juice>\", \"4\" : \"-ῐον\", \"id\" : \"opium\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"ὄπιον\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"opium\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-id=\"drug\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"opium\" id=\"English:_drug\">"
    },
    {
      "name": "bor+",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "opium"
      },
      "expansion": "Borrowed from Latin opium"
    },
    {
      "name": "der",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "grc",
        "3": "ὄπιον"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek ὄπιον (ópion)"
    },
    {
      "name": "der",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*sokʷós",
        "t": "juice, resin"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *sokʷós (“juice, resin”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "etymon",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": ":bor",
        "3": "la:opium<id:drug>",
        "4": ":bor",
        "5": "grc:ὄπιον<id:opium>",
        "id": "drug",
        "tree": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *sokʷós\nAncient Greek ὀπός (opós)\nProto-Indo-European *-yóm\nProto-Hellenic\nAncient Greek -ῐον (-ĭon)\nAncient Greek ὄπιον (ópion)bor.\nLatin opiumbor.\n▲\nAncient Greek ὄπιον (ópion)bor.\nEnglish opium"
    }
  ],
  "links": [
    [
      "*sokʷós",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/sokʷós#Proto-Indo-European:_juice"
    ],
    [
      "ὀπός",
      "ὀπός#Ancient_Greek"
    ],
    [
      "*-yóm",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-yóm"
    ],
    [
      "-ῐον",
      "-ιον#Ancient_Greek"
    ],
    [
      "ὄπιον",
      "ὄπιον#Ancient_Greek:_opium"
    ],
    [
      "opium",
      "opium#Latin:_drug"
    ],
    [
      "ὄπιον",
      "ὄπιον#Ancient_Greek:_opium"
    ],
    [
      "opium",
      "opium#Latin"
    ],
    [
      "ὄπιον",
      "ὄπιον#Ancient_Greek"
    ],
    [
      "ὀπός",
      "ὀπός#Ancient_Greek"
    ],
    [
      "*sokʷós",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/sokʷós"
    ]
  ],
  "references": [],
  "descendants": [],
  "lexical": [
    {
      "pos": "noun",
      "glosses": [
        "A yellow-brown, addictive narcotic drug obtained from the dried juice of unripe pods of the opium poppy, Papaver somniferum, and containing alkaloids such as morphine, codeine, and papaverine.",
        "Anything that numbs or stupefies."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "uncountable",
        "broadly",
        "countable"
      ],
      "recordId": "9ad5fdd767272b95c5fc0298e533cffc335a7ea8373efbf2faa4da9fe1f55645",
      "rawRecordSha256": "e3e1ab79db3682eb3b9e90346613d5c69f098beaff4ebefc779dbfa6a2d17924",
      "sourceRecordOrdinal": 210440
    }
  ],
  "omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
    "templates": 0,
    "links": 0,
    "references": 0,
    "descendants": 0,
    "lexicalRecords": 0,
    "lexicalSenses": 0,
    "glosses": 0
  }
}

Where this record stops

This page does not supply an independently verified sound-change sequence, first-use manuscript or complete family tree unless a cited analysis explicitly establishes one. Missing detail here is a limit of this record—not a claim that humanity knows nothing more.

An older meaning does not determine what a word must mean today. Follow the sources, preserve disagreements, and keep ancestry separate from interpretation.

Contribute located evidence for opium →

Source and snapshot

Imported from Wiktionary contributors; extracted by Tatu Ylonen / Wiktextract / Kaikki.org. Selected fields are reformatted and grouped; wording, source identity and etymology sections are retained. CC-BY-SA-4.0 applies to the imported source material.

Dump: 2026-10-01 · Extracted: 2026-10-30. These are snapshot dates, not the word’s first attestation or the page’s revision date.

Source entry and bibliography ↗Wiktionary revision history ↗Acquisition and rights ledger
Machine-source provenance
Source SHA-256
5ff2c072f8099f2d2ce484bd6957bf179f046d2ad37bc36555edf8bb84cb5291
Import run
73216b9a9b78ed3830994bf853103716f5a4dc57099e371e9f8fdc468facca26
Permanent entry ID
w-b3BpdW0