Source etymology 1
Original entry ↗To propel oneself rapidly upward, downward and/or in any horizontal direction such that momentum causes the body to become airborne. · To cause oneself to leave an elevated location and fall downward. · To pass by means of a spring or leap; to overleap. · To employ a parachute to leave an aircraft or elevated location.
Exactly; precisely.
The act of jumping; a leap; a spring; a bound. · An effort; an attempt; a venture. · A dislocation in a stratum; a fault. · An abrupt interruption of level in a piece of brickwork or masonry.
Exact; matched; fitting; precise.
From Middle English jumpen (“to walk quickly, run, jump”), probably of Middle Low German or North Germanic origin, ultimately from Proto-Germanic *gumpōną ~ *gumbōną (“to hop, skip, bounce”), an iterative verb. The OED suggests an imitative origin. Related to jumble. In the sense “to propel oneself” it displaced leap partially and spring largely. Cognates Cognate with German Low German jumpen (“to jump”), archaic German gumpen (“to jump, hop, bounce”), dialectal German gampen (“to hop”), Alemannic German gumpe (“to leap, jump”), Walser dialect kumpu, Old Norse gopta (“to jump; make jump”) Danish gumpe (“to jolt”), Swedish gumpa (“to jump”), Danish gimpe (“to move up and down”), Middle English jumpren, jumbren (“to mix, jumble”).
Relationships mentioned by the source
These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.
- Inherited-form mentionjumpenenm · to walk quickly, run, jump
- Derivation mention*gumbōnągem-pro · to hop, skip, bounce
- Cognate mentiongumpende · to jump, hop, bounce
- Cognate mentiongampende · to hop
- Cognate mentiongumpegsw · to leap, jump
- Cognate mentiongoptanon · to jump; make jump
- Cognate mentiongumpeda · to jolt
- Cognate mentiongumpasv · to jump
- Cognate mentiongimpeda · to move up and down
- Cognate mentionjumprenenm
This page abbreviates 40 auxiliary source items. The etymology narrative is not shortened. Omission counts are available in the audit fields below; consult the original for complete auxiliary material.
Inspect preserved source fields
Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.
{
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"name": "inh",
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"2": "enm",
"3": "jumpen",
"t": "to walk quickly, run, jump"
},
"expansion": "Middle English jumpen (“to walk quickly, run, jump”)"
},
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"3": "-"
},
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{
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},
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{
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},
"expansion": "German Low German jumpen (“to jump”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
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"t": "to jump, hop, bounce"
},
"expansion": "German gumpen (“to jump, hop, bounce”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
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"1": "de",
"2": "gampen",
"t": "to hop"
},
"expansion": "German gampen (“to hop”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
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"2": "gumpe",
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},
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},
{
"name": "cog",
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},
"expansion": "Old Norse gopta (“to jump; make jump”)"
},
{
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},
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},
{
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"expansion": "Swedish gumpa (“to jump”)"
},
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"2": "gimpe",
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},
"expansion": "Danish gimpe (“to move up and down”)"
},
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},
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}
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"links": [
[
"jumpen",
"jumpen#Middle_English"
],
[
"*gumpōną ~ *gumbōną",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/gumbōną"
],
[
"iterative",
"iterative"
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[
"jumble",
"jumble#English"
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[
"leap",
"leap#English"
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[
"spring",
"spring#English"
],
[
"jumpen",
"jumpen#Low_German"
],
[
"gumpen",
"gumpen#German"
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[
"gampen",
"gampen#German"
],
[
"gumpe",
"gumpe#Alemannic_German"
],
[
"Walser",
"Walser"
],
[
"kumpu",
"kumpu#German"
],
[
"gopta",
"gopta#Old_Norse"
],
[
"gumpe",
"gumpe#Danish"
],
[
"gumpa",
"gumpa#Swedish"
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[
"gimpe",
"gimpe#Danish"
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[
"jumpren",
"jumpren#Middle_English"
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[
"jumbren",
"jumbren#Middle_English"
]
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{
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"To propel oneself rapidly upward, downward and/or in any horizontal direction such that momentum causes the body to become airborne.",
"To cause oneself to leave an elevated location and fall downward.",
"To pass by means of a spring or leap; to overleap.",
"To employ a parachute to leave an aircraft or elevated location."
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"The act of jumping; a leap; a spring; a bound.",
"An effort; an attempt; a venture.",
"A dislocation in a stratum; a fault.",
"An abrupt interruption of level in a piece of brickwork or masonry."
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