Unnumbered source etymology
Original entry ↗To jest; play tricks. · To mock; deride. · To have sexual intercourse with.
A joke or quip. · A prank or trick.
From Middle English japen (“to deceive, play tricks on; act foolishly, joke; have sex with”), of uncertain origin, but perhaps combining Old French japer (“to bark, howl, scream; chatter, gossip”) with gaber (“to mock, deride”). See also gab, Old Occitan japar, jaupar (“to bark, yelp, yap”), related to Old Saxon galpōn (“to cry loudly, make a noise, brag”) (Low German galpen (“to bark, howl, scream”)), Middle High German gelpfen (“to scream, bark, boast, proclaim”), Old Norse gjálpa (“to yelp”) (dialectal Swedish galpa (“to cry, screech”)). More at yelp, yawp, yap.
Relationships mentioned by the source
These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.
Inspect preserved source fields
Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.
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"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro"
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{
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"5": "to deceive, play tricks on; act foolishly, joke; have sex with"
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"expansion": "Middle English japen (“to deceive, play tricks on; act foolishly, joke; have sex with”)"
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"2": "galpōn",
"3": "",
"4": "to cry loudly, make a noise, brag"
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"expansion": "Old Saxon galpōn (“to cry loudly, make a noise, brag”)"
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"3": "",
"4": "to bark, howl, scream"
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"expansion": "Low German galpen (“to bark, howl, scream”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
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"1": "gmh",
"2": "gelpfen",
"3": "",
"4": "to scream, bark, boast, proclaim"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German gelpfen (“to scream, bark, boast, proclaim”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "gjálpa",
"3": "",
"4": "to yelp"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse gjálpa (“to yelp”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "galpa",
"3": "",
"4": "to cry, screech"
},
"expansion": "Swedish galpa (“to cry, screech”)"
}
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[
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],
[
"gjálpa",
"gjálpa#Old_Norse"
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[
"yelp",
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],
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"yawp",
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],
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"yap",
"yap#English"
]
],
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"lexical": [
{
"pos": "verb",
"glosses": [
"To jest; play tricks.",
"To mock; deride.",
"To have sexual intercourse with."
],
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"obsolete"
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{
"pos": "noun",
"glosses": [
"A joke or quip.",
"A prank or trick."
],
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