Source etymology 1
Original entry ↗To assail or abuse by scolding. · To scold; to clamor. · To talk; to converse. · (of a ball) To stick in the jaws of a pocket.
One of the bones, usually bearing teeth, which form the framework of the mouth. · The part of the face below the mouth. · Anything resembling the jaw (sense 1) of an animal in form or action; the mouth or way of entrance. · A notch or opening.
From Middle English jawe/jowe (“jaw; sides of the lower face”, 14th century), the further origin of which is disputed. Either: * From Anglo-Norman jowe, from Old French joe (“cheek; jaw”), from Vulgar Latin *ga(v)ota (“cheek”), of uncertain further origin. ** It has been objected that the rhyming of jowe (“jaw”) with clowe (“claw”) in Middle English demonstrates that it did not have the vowel /uː/. This would be a concern if /uː/ were the vowel to expect from a borrowing of the Old French word, which it is not. Compare English paw < Middle English pawe/powe < Anglo-Norman powe < Old French poe. * From Middle English *chowe, from Old English *ċēowe. The main difficulties with this theory are the notable lack of evidence and the late attestation of chaw (early 16th century). If it is correct, then the further origin would be Proto-West Germanic *keuwā (“jaw”), whence Saterland Frisian Kiuwe, Dutch kieuw, German Keu, Käu. For the initial consonant, compare jowl as a variant of chavel/chawl. It is also conceivable that the word is a merger of two coincidentally similar sources. Gradually displaced Middle English chavel (from Old English ċeafl).
Relationships mentioned by the source
These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.
This page abbreviates 6 auxiliary source items. The etymology narrative is not shortened. Omission counts are available in the audit fields below; consult the original for complete auxiliary material.
Inspect preserved source fields
Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.
{
"templates": [
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "jowe",
"4": "jawe/jowe",
"t": "jaw; sides of the lower face",
"pos": "14th century"
},
"expansion": "Middle English jawe/jowe (“jaw; sides of the lower face”, 14th century)"
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{
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"expansion": "Anglo-Norman jowe"
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{
"name": "der",
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"2": "fro",
"3": "joe",
"t": "cheek; jaw"
},
"expansion": "Old French joe (“cheek; jaw”)"
},
{
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"args": {
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"2": "la-vul",
"3": "*ga(v)ota",
"t": "cheek"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin *ga(v)ota (“cheek”)"
},
{
"name": "ref",
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"name": "OED"
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"expansion": ""
},
{
"name": "m+",
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"expansion": "English paw"
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"expansion": "Middle English pawe/powe"
},
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"name": "m+",
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"2": "powe"
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"expansion": "Anglo-Norman powe"
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{
"name": "m+",
"args": {
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"2": "poe"
},
"expansion": "Old French poe"
},
{
"name": "m+",
"args": {
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"2": "hoe"
},
"expansion": "English hoe"
},
{
"name": "m+",
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "howe"
},
"expansion": "Middle English howe"
},
{
"name": "m+",
"args": {
"1": "xno",
"2": "howe"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman howe"
},
{
"name": "m+",
"args": {
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"2": "hoe"
},
"expansion": "Old French hoe"
},
{
"name": "m+",
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "",
"3": "*chowe"
},
"expansion": "Middle English *chowe"
},
{
"name": "m+",
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "*ċēowe"
},
"expansion": "Old English *ċēowe"
},
{
"name": "dbt",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "chaw",
"id1": "jaw",
"notext": "1"
},
"expansion": "chaw"
},
{
"name": "m+",
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*keuwā",
"t": "jaw"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *keuwā (“jaw”)"
},
{
"name": "m+",
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "Kiuwe"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian Kiuwe"
},
{
"name": "m+",
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "kieuw"
},
"expansion": "Dutch kieuw"
},
{
"name": "m+",
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Keu"
},
"expansion": "German Keu"
},
{
"name": "glossary",
"args": {
"1": "merger"
},
"expansion": "merger"
},
{
"name": "glossary",
"args": {
"1": "displaced"
},
"expansion": "displaced"
},
{
"name": "ncog",
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "chavel",
"3": "",
"t": "",
"lit": "",
"pos": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": "",
"id": "",
"sc": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": ""
},
"expansion": "Middle English chavel"
},
{
"name": "displaced",
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "chavel",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "displaced Middle English chavel"
},
{
"name": "m+",
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ċeafl"
},
"expansion": "Old English ċeafl"
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],
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"jowe#Middle_English"
],
[
"jowe",
"jowe#Old_French"
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[
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"joe#Old_French"
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[
"*ga(v)ota",
"Reconstruction:Latin/ga(v)ota"
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[
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[
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[
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"Reconstruction:Old English/ceowe"
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[
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[
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"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/keuwā"
],
[
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"Kiuwe#Saterland_Frisian"
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[
"kieuw",
"kieuw#Dutch"
],
[
"Keu",
"Keu#German"
],
[
"Käu",
"Käu#German"
],
[
"jowl",
"jowl#English"
],
[
"chavel",
"chavel#English"
],
[
"chawl",
"chawl#English"
],
[
"chavel",
"chavel#Middle_English"
],
[
"ċeafl",
"ceafl#Old_English"
]
],
"references": [],
"descendants": [],
"lexical": [
{
"pos": "verb",
"glosses": [
"To assail or abuse by scolding.",
"To scold; to clamor.",
"To talk; to converse.",
"(of a ball) To stick in the jaws of a pocket."
],
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"pos": "noun",
"glosses": [
"One of the bones, usually bearing teeth, which form the framework of the mouth.",
"The part of the face below the mouth.",
"Anything resembling the jaw (sense 1) of an animal in form or action; the mouth or way of entrance.",
"A notch or opening."
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