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English word origin

Etymology of idiom

From Middle French idiome, and its source, Late Latin idioma, from Ancient Greek ἰδίωμα (idíōma, “a peculiarity, property, a peculiar phraseology, idiom”), from ἰδιοῦσθαι (idioûsthai, “to make one's own, appropriate to o

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In this entry · 1 source sections

The source etymologies

Wiktionary via Kaikki / Wiktextract

The source reports below are imported and unreviewed by *SET-U. Separate numbered origins and differing source variants are preserved; agreement within this extraction is not independent corroboration.

Unnumbered source etymology

Original entry ↗
noun

A manner of speaking, a mode of expression peculiar to a language, language family, or group of people. · A programming construct or phraseology that is characteristic of the language. · A language or language variety; specifically, a restricted dialect used in a given historical period, context, etc. · A phrasal expression that is unreliably understood literally, requiring pre-established cultural or domain-specific context to infer its intended meaning.

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

From Middle French idiome, and its source, Late Latin idioma, from Ancient Greek ἰδίωμα (idíōma, “a peculiarity, property, a peculiar phraseology, idiom”), from ἰδιοῦσθαι (idioûsthai, “to make one's own, appropriate to oneself”), from ἴδιος (ídios, “one's own, pertaining to oneself, private, personal, peculiar, separate”). By surface analysis, idi- + -om.

Relationships mentioned by the source

These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.

This page abbreviates 1 auxiliary source items. The etymology narrative is not shortened. Omission counts are available in the audit fields below; consult the original for complete auxiliary material.

Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

{
  "templates": [
    {
      "name": "der",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "frm",
        "3": "idiome"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle French idiome"
    },
    {
      "name": "der",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la-lat",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Late Latin"
    },
    {
      "name": "der",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "grc",
        "3": "ἰδίωμα",
        "4": "",
        "5": "a peculiarity, property, a peculiar phraseology, idiom"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek ἰδίωμα (idíōma, “a peculiarity, property, a peculiar phraseology, idiom”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "surf",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "idi-",
        "3": "-om"
      },
      "expansion": "By surface analysis, idi- + -om"
    }
  ],
  "links": [
    [
      "idiome",
      "idiome#Middle_French"
    ],
    [
      "idioma",
      "idioma#Latin"
    ],
    [
      "ἰδίωμα",
      "ἰδίωμα#Ancient_Greek"
    ],
    [
      "ἰδιοῦσθαι",
      "ἰδιοῦσθαι#Ancient_Greek"
    ],
    [
      "ἴδιος",
      "ἴδιος#Ancient_Greek"
    ],
    [
      "idi-",
      "idi-#English"
    ],
    [
      "-om",
      "-om#English"
    ]
  ],
  "references": [],
  "descendants": [],
  "lexical": [
    {
      "pos": "noun",
      "glosses": [
        "A manner of speaking, a mode of expression peculiar to a language, language family, or group of people.",
        "A programming construct or phraseology that is characteristic of the language.",
        "A language or language variety; specifically, a restricted dialect used in a given historical period, context, etc.",
        "A phrasal expression that is unreliably understood literally, requiring pre-established cultural or domain-specific context to infer its intended meaning."
      ],
      "tags": [],
      "recordId": "929d335427b2e7ec4685ff04ca31ad85b60576bfbc323687fd3712d96a73faee",
      "rawRecordSha256": "14422662878a7827c990eb4b58f5f8c9b9929bb9bff730a828a82ca15c381877",
      "sourceRecordOrdinal": 24911
    }
  ],
  "omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
    "templates": 0,
    "links": 0,
    "references": 0,
    "descendants": 0,
    "lexicalRecords": 0,
    "lexicalSenses": 1,
    "glosses": 0
  }
}

Where this record stops

This page does not supply an independently verified sound-change sequence, first-use manuscript or complete family tree unless a cited analysis explicitly establishes one. Missing detail here is a limit of this record—not a claim that humanity knows nothing more.

An older meaning does not determine what a word must mean today. Follow the sources, preserve disagreements, and keep ancestry separate from interpretation.

Contribute located evidence for idiom →

Source and snapshot

Imported from Wiktionary contributors; extracted by Tatu Ylonen / Wiktextract / Kaikki.org. Selected fields are reformatted and grouped; wording, source identity and etymology sections are retained. CC-BY-SA-4.0 applies to the imported source material.

Dump: 2026-10-01 · Extracted: 2026-10-30. These are snapshot dates, not the word’s first attestation or the page’s revision date.

Source entry and bibliography ↗Wiktionary revision history ↗Acquisition and rights ledger
Machine-source provenance
Source SHA-256
5ff2c072f8099f2d2ce484bd6957bf179f046d2ad37bc36555edf8bb84cb5291
Import run
73216b9a9b78ed3830994bf853103716f5a4dc57099e371e9f8fdc468facca26
Permanent entry ID
w-aWRpb20