Source etymology 1 · variant 1/2
Original entry ↗An emotional or psychological humiliation or bad experience. · A bodily injury causing pain; a wound or bruise. · Injury; damage; detriment; harm · A band on a trip hammer's helve, bearing the trunnions.
Wounded, physically injured. · Feeling physical or emotional pain.
From Middle English hurten, hirten, hertan (“to injure, scathe, knock together”), from Old Northern French hurter ("to ram into, strike, collide with"; > Modern French heurter), perhaps from Frankish *hūrt (“a battering ram”), cognate with Welsh hwrdd (“ram”) and Cornish hordh (“ram”). Compare Proto-Germanic *hrūtaną, *hreutaną (“to fall, beat”), from Proto-Indo-European *krew- (“to fall, beat, smash, strike, break”); however, the earliest instances of the verb in Middle English are as old as those found in Old French, which leads to the possibility that the Middle English word may instead be a reflex of an unrecorded Old English *hyrtan, which later merged with the Old French verb. Germanic cognates include Dutch horten (“to push against, strike”), Middle Low German hurten (“to run at, collide with”), Middle High German hurten (“to push, bump, attack, storm, invade”), Old Norse hrútr (“battering ram”). Alternate etymology traces Old Northern French hurter rather to Old Norse hrútr (“ram (male sheep)”), lengthened-grade variant of hjǫrtr (“stag”), from Proto-Germanic *herutuz, *herutaz (“hart, male deer”), which would relate it to English hart (“male deer”). See hart.
Relationships mentioned by the source
These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.
- Inherited-form mentionhurtenenm
- Cognate mentionheurterfr
- Cognate mentionhwrddcy · ram
- Cognate mentionhordhkw · ram
- Cognate mention*hrūtanągem-pro
- Derivation mention*krew-ine-pro · to fall, beat, smash, strike, break
- Inherited-form mention*hyrtanang
- Cognate mentionhortennl
- Cognate mentionhurtengml
- Cognate mentionhurtengmh · to push, bump, attack, storm, invade
- Cognate mentionhrútrnon
- Derivation mentionhrútrnon · ram (male sheep)
- Derivation mention*herutuzgem-pro
This page abbreviates 1 auxiliary source items. The etymology narrative is not shortened. Omission counts are available in the audit fields below; consult the original for complete auxiliary material.
Inspect preserved source fields
Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.
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"An emotional or psychological humiliation or bad experience.",
"A bodily injury causing pain; a wound or bruise.",
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"A band on a trip hammer's helve, bearing the trunnions."
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