Unnumbered source etymology
Original entry ↗To bend something into a hump. · To carry (something), especially with some exertion. · To dry-hump. · To have sex (with).
A mound of earth. · A speed bump or speed hump. · A deformity in humans caused by abnormal curvature of the upper spine. · A rounded fleshy mass, such as on a camel or zebu.
Probably borrowed from Dutch homp (“hump, lump”) or Middle Low German hump (“heap, hill, stump”), from Old Saxon *hump (“hill, heap, thick piece”), from Proto-Germanic *humpaz (“hip, height”), from Proto-Indo-European *kumb- (“curved”). Compare Proto-Germanic *huppōną (“to hop”), from Proto-Indo-European *kewb-, *ḱewb- (unnasalised root), and English hub (a softened variant without nasal?). Cognate with West Frisian hompe (“lump, chunk”), Icelandic huppur (“flank”), Welsh cwm (“a hollow”), Latin incumbō (“to lie down”), Albanian sumbull (“round button, bud”), Ancient Greek κύμβη (kúmbē, “bowl”), Avestan 𐬑𐬎𐬨𐬠𐬀 (xumba, “pot”), Sanskrit कुम्ब (kúmba, “thick end of bone”). Replaced, and perhaps influenced by, Old English crump (“crooked, bent”). More at cramp.
Relationships mentioned by the source
These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.
- Borrowed-form mentionhompnl · hump, lump
- Borrowed-form mentionhumpgml · heap, hill, stump
- Derivation mention*humposx
- Derivation mention*humpazgem-pro
- Derivation mention*kumb-ine-pro
- Cognate mention*huppōnągem-pro
- Derivation mention*kewb-ine-pro
- Cognate mentionhuben
- Cognate mentionhompefy
- Cognate mentionhuppuris
- Cognate mentioncwmcy
- Cognate mentionincumbōla
- Cognate mentionsumbullsq
- Cognate mentionκύμβηgrc
- Cognate mention𐬑𐬎𐬨𐬠𐬀ae · pot
- Cognate mentionकुम्बsa
- Cognate mentioncrumpang
This page abbreviates 8 auxiliary source items. The etymology narrative is not shortened. Omission counts are available in the audit fields below; consult the original for complete auxiliary material.
Inspect preserved source fields
Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.
{
"templates": [
{
"name": "bor",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "nl",
"3": "homp",
"t": "hump, lump"
},
"expansion": "Dutch homp (“hump, lump”)"
},
{
"name": "bor",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gml",
"3": "hump",
"t": "heap, hill, stump"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German hump (“heap, hill, stump”)"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "osx",
"3": "*hump",
"4": "",
"5": "hill, heap, thick piece"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon *hump (“hill, heap, thick piece”)"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*humpaz",
"4": "",
"5": "hip, height"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *humpaz (“hip, height”)"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kumb-",
"4": "",
"5": "curved"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kumb- (“curved”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*huppōną",
"3": "",
"4": "to hop"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *huppōną (“to hop”)"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kewb-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kewb-"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "hub"
},
"expansion": "English hub"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "hompe",
"3": "",
"4": "lump, chunk"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian hompe (“lump, chunk”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "huppur",
"3": "",
"4": "flank"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic huppur (“flank”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cwm",
"3": "",
"4": "a hollow"
},
"expansion": "Welsh cwm (“a hollow”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "incumbō",
"3": "",
"4": "to lie down"
},
"expansion": "Latin incumbō (“to lie down”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "sumbull",
"3": "",
"4": "round button, bud"
},
"expansion": "Albanian sumbull (“round button, bud”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "κύμβη",
"3": "",
"4": "bowl"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek κύμβη (kúmbē, “bowl”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬑𐬎𐬨𐬠𐬀",
"t": "pot"
},
"expansion": "Avestan 𐬑𐬎𐬨𐬠𐬀 (xumba, “pot”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "कुम्ब",
"3": "",
"4": "thick end of bone",
"tr": "kúmba"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit कुम्ब (kúmba, “thick end of bone”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "crump",
"3": "",
"4": "crooked, bent"
},
"expansion": "Old English crump (“crooked, bent”)"
}
],
"links": [
[
"homp",
"homp#Dutch"
],
[
"hump",
"hump#Middle_Low_German"
],
[
"*hump",
"Reconstruction:Old Saxon/hump"
],
[
"*humpaz",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/humpaz"
],
[
"*kumb-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/kumb-"
],
[
"*huppōną",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/huppōną"
],
[
"*kewb-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/kewb-"
],
[
"*ḱewb-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ḱewb-"
],
[
"hub",
"hub#English"
],
[
"hompe",
"hompe#West_Frisian"
],
[
"huppur",
"huppur#Icelandic"
],
[
"cwm",
"cwm#Welsh"
],
[
"incumbō",
"incumbo#Latin"
],
[
"sumbull",
"sumbull#Albanian"
],
[
"κύμβη",
"κύμβη#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"𐬑𐬎𐬨𐬠𐬀",
"𐬑𐬎𐬨𐬠𐬀#Avestan"
],
[
"कुम्ब",
"कुम्ब#Sanskrit"
],
[
"crump",
"crump#Old_English"
],
[
"cramp",
"cramp#English"
]
],
"references": [],
"descendants": [],
"lexical": [
{
"pos": "verb",
"glosses": [
"To bend something into a hump.",
"To carry (something), especially with some exertion.",
"To dry-hump.",
"To have sex (with)."
],
"tags": [
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"ambitransitive",
"slang",
"vulgar"
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},
{
"pos": "noun",
"glosses": [
"A mound of earth.",
"A speed bump or speed hump.",
"A deformity in humans caused by abnormal curvature of the upper spine.",
"A rounded fleshy mass, such as on a camel or zebu."
],
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"omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
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