Source etymology 1
Original entry ↗noun
The outer covering of a fruit or seed. · Any covering.
verb
Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventoryTo remove the outer covering of a fruit or seed.
From Middle English hul, hulle, holle (“seed covering, hull of a ship”), from Old English hulu (“seed covering”), from Proto-Germanic *hul-, perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *ḱel- (“to cover, hide”); or possibly from Proto-Indo-European *kal- (“hard”). Compare Dutch hul (“hood”), German Hülle (“cover, wrap”), Hülse (“hull”); also Old Irish calad, calath (“hard”), Latin callus, callum (“rough skin”), Old Church Slavonic калити (kaliti, “to cool, harden”). For the sense development, compare French coque (“nutshell; ship's hull”), Ancient Greek φάσηλος (phásēlos, “bean pod; yacht”).
Relationships mentioned by the source
These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.
- Inherited-form mentionhulenm
- Inherited-form mentionhuluang · seed covering
- Inherited-form mention*hul-gem-pro
- Derivation mention*ḱel-ine-pro · to cover, hide
- Derivation mention*kal-ine-pro · hard
- Cognate mentionhulnl · hood
- Cognate mentionHüllede · cover, wrap
- Cognate mentioncaladsga
- Cognate mentioncallusla
- Cognate mentionкалитиcu · to cool, harden
- Cognate mentioncoquefr · nutshell; ship's hull
- Cognate mentionφάσηλοςgrc · bean pod; yacht
Inspect preserved source fields
Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.
{
"templates": [
{
"name": "inh",
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"1": "en",
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"3": "hul"
},
"expansion": "Middle English hul"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
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},
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},
{
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"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kal- (“hard”)"
},
{
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"2": "hul",
"t": "hood"
},
"expansion": "Dutch hul (“hood”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Hülle",
"t": "cover, wrap"
},
"expansion": "German Hülle (“cover, wrap”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
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"expansion": "Old Irish calad"
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{
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"expansion": "Latin callus"
},
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},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic калити (kaliti, “to cool, harden”)"
},
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"name": "cog",
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"2": "coque",
"t": "nutshell; ship's hull"
},
"expansion": "French coque (“nutshell; ship's hull”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
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"2": "φάσηλος",
"t": "bean pod; yacht"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek φάσηλος (phásēlos, “bean pod; yacht”)"
}
],
"links": [
[
"hul",
"hul#Middle_English"
],
[
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],
[
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],
[
"hulu",
"hulu#Old_English"
],
[
"*hul-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hul-"
],
[
"*ḱel-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ḱel-"
],
[
"*kal-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/kal-"
],
[
"hul",
"hul#Dutch"
],
[
"Hülle",
"Hülle#German"
],
[
"Hülse",
"Hülse#German"
],
[
"calad",
"calad#Old_Irish"
],
[
"calath",
"calath#Old_Irish"
],
[
"callus",
"callus#Latin"
],
[
"callum",
"callum#Latin"
],
[
"калити",
"калити#Old_Church_Slavonic"
],
[
"coque",
"coque#French"
],
[
"φάσηλος",
"φάσηλος#Ancient_Greek"
]
],
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{
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"To remove the outer covering of a fruit or seed."
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