Source etymology 1 · variant 1/2
Original entry ↗Having great weight. · Heavyset: overweight. · Serious, somber. · Not easy to bear; burdensome; oppressive.
From Middle English hevy, heviȝ, from Old English hefiġ, hefeġ, hæfiġ (“heavy; important, grave, severe, serious; oppressive, grievous; slow, dull”), from Proto-West Germanic *habīg (“heavy, hefty, weighty”), from Proto-Germanic *habīgaz (“heavy, hefty, weighty”), from Proto-Indo-European *kap- (“to take, grasp, hold”). Equivalent to heave + -y. Related to have. Cognate with Scots hevy, havy, heavy (“heavy”), Saterland Frisian heeuwich, häwich (“violent, angry”), West Frisian hevich (“violent”), Dutch hevig (“violent, severe, intense, acute”), German Low German hevig (“violent, fierce, intense, angry”), German hebig (compare heftig (“fierce, severe, intense, violent, heavy”)), Icelandic höfugur (“heavy, weighty, important”). Compare typologically Russian взять (vzjatʹ), объёмный (obʺjómnyj), ёмкий (jómkij, akin to име́ть (imétʹ)), and Latin capāx (“large, wide, roomy, spacious, capacious, capable, apt”).
Relationships mentioned by the source
These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.
- Root classification mention*kap-ine-pro
- Inherited-form mentionhevyenm
- Inherited-form mentionhefiġang
- Inherited-form mention*habīggmw-pro · heavy, hefty, weighty
- Inherited-form mention*habīgazgem-pro · heavy, hefty, weighty
- Derivation mention*kap-ine-pro · to take, grasp, hold
- Cognate mentionhevysco
- Cognate mentionheeuwichstq
- Cognate mentionhevichfy · violent
- Cognate mentionhevignl · violent, severe, intense, acute
- Cognate mentionhebigde
- Cognate mentionhöfuguris · heavy, weighty, important
- Non-cognate comparisonвзять,объёмный,ёмкийru
- Non-cognate comparisoncapāxla · large, wide, roomy, spacious, capacious, capable, apt
This page abbreviates 22 auxiliary source items. The etymology narrative is not shortened. Omission counts are available in the audit fields below; consult the original for complete auxiliary material.
Inspect preserved source fields
Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.
{
"templates": [
{
"name": "root",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kap-",
"id": "seize"
},
"expansion": ""
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "hevy"
},
"expansion": "Middle English hevy"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "hefiġ"
},
"expansion": "Old English hefiġ"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*habīg",
"t": "heavy, hefty, weighty"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *habīg (“heavy, hefty, weighty”)"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*habīgaz",
"t": "heavy, hefty, weighty"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *habīgaz (“heavy, hefty, weighty”)"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kap-",
"id": "seize",
"t": "to take, grasp, hold"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kap- (“to take, grasp, hold”)"
},
{
"name": "suf",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "heave",
"3": "-y"
},
"expansion": "heave + -y"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "hevy"
},
"expansion": "Scots hevy"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "heeuwich"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian heeuwich"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "hevich",
"t": "violent"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian hevich (“violent”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "hevig",
"t": "violent, severe, intense, acute"
},
"expansion": "Dutch hevig (“violent, severe, intense, acute”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "hevig",
"t": "violent, fierce, intense, angry"
},
"expansion": "German Low German hevig (“violent, fierce, intense, angry”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "hebig"
},
"expansion": "German hebig"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "höfugur",
"t": "heavy, weighty, important"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic höfugur (“heavy, weighty, important”)"
},
{
"name": "ncog",
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "взять,объёмный,ёмкий",
"ng": "akin to <i class=\"Cyrl mention\" lang=\"ru\">име́ть</i> (imétʹ)"
},
"expansion": "Russian взять (vzjatʹ), объёмный (obʺjómnyj), ёмкий (jómkij, akin to име́ть (imétʹ))"
},
{
"name": "ncog",
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "capāx",
"t": "large, wide, roomy, spacious, capacious, capable, apt"
},
"expansion": "Latin capāx (“large, wide, roomy, spacious, capacious, capable, apt”)"
}
],
"links": [
[
"hevy",
"hevy#Middle_English"
],
[
"heviȝ",
"heviȝ#Middle_English"
],
[
"hefiġ",
"hefig#Old_English"
],
[
"hefeġ",
"hefeg#Old_English"
],
[
"hæfiġ",
"hæfig#Old_English"
],
[
"*habīg",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/habīg"
],
[
"*habīgaz",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/habīgaz"
],
[
"*kap-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/kap-#Proto-Indo-European:_seize"
],
[
"heave",
"heave#English"
],
[
"-y",
"-y#English"
],
[
"have",
"have#English"
],
[
"hevy",
"hevy#Scots"
],
[
"havy",
"havy#Scots"
],
[
"heavy",
"heavy#Scots"
],
[
"heeuwich",
"heeuwich#Saterland_Frisian"
],
[
"häwich",
"häwich#Saterland_Frisian"
],
[
"hevich",
"hevich#West_Frisian"
],
[
"hevig",
"hevig#Dutch"
],
[
"hevig",
"hevig#Low_German"
],
[
"hebig",
"hebig#German"
],
[
"heftig",
"heftig#German"
],
[
"höfugur",
"höfugur#Icelandic"
],
[
"взять",
"взять#Russian"
],
[
"объёмный",
"объёмный#Russian"
],
[
"ёмкий",
"ёмкий#Russian"
],
[
"име́ть",
"иметь#Russian"
],
[
"capāx",
"capax#Latin"
]
],
"references": [],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Sranan Tongo",
"lang_code": "srn",
"word": "hebi",
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"word": "hebi",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
}
]
},
{
"lang": "Tok Pisin",
"lang_code": "tpi",
"word": "hevi"
}
],
"lexical": [
{
"pos": "adj",
"glosses": [
"Having great weight.",
"Heavyset: overweight.",
"Serious, somber.",
"Not easy to bear; burdensome; oppressive."
],
"tags": [],
"recordId": "4a710d3ded08bc026afde00d5ec0c1d592af7181613f7d99a7192c822e81d5d8",
"rawRecordSha256": "314ed84e97d60c8e13a505b0645d7db31a826b096df8724041d745a367b3d7ef",
"sourceRecordOrdinal": 38641
}
],
"omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
"templates": 0,
"links": 0,
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"descendants": 0,
"lexicalRecords": 0,
"lexicalSenses": 22,
"glosses": 0
}
}