*SET-U

English word origin

Etymology of he

From Middle English he, from Old English hē, from Proto-West Germanic *hiʀ, from Proto-Germanic *hiz (“this, this one”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱís (“this”). Cognate with Scots he (“he”), North Frisian he, hi (“he”),

2 source sectionsExtended source reportWiktionary original ↗
In this entry · 2 source sections

The source etymologies

Wiktionary via Kaikki / Wiktextract

The source reports below are imported and unreviewed by *SET-U. Separate numbered origins and differing source variants are preserved; agreement within this extraction is not independent corroboration.

Source etymology 1

Original entry ↗
det

Synonym of his.

noun

The game of tag, or it, in which the player attempting to catch the others is called "he". · The player who chases and attempts to catch the others in this game. · A male.

pron

A person who identifies as male, or animal already known or implied. · They; he or she (a person whose gender is unknown or irrelevant). · It; an animal whose gender is unknown. · A genderless object regarded as masculine, such as certain stars or planets (e.g. Sun, Mercury, Mars, Jupiter) or certain ships.

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

From Middle English he, from Old English hē, from Proto-West Germanic *hiʀ, from Proto-Germanic *hiz (“this, this one”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱís (“this”). Cognate with Scots he (“he”), North Frisian he, hi (“he”), Saterland Frisian hie (“he”), West Frisian hy (“he”), Dutch hij, ie (“he”), German Low German he (“he”), Middle High German her (“he”) Central Franconian hä (“he”), Gothic *𐌷𐌹𐍃 (*his, “this”).

Relationships mentioned by the source

These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.

  • Inherited-form mentionheenm
  • Inherited-form mentionhēang
  • Inherited-form mention*hiʀgmw-pro
  • Inherited-form mention*hizgem-pro · this, this one
  • Inherited-form mention*ḱísine-pro · this
  • Cognate mentionhesco · he
  • Cognate mentionhefrr
  • Cognate mentionhiestq · he
  • Cognate mentionhyfy · he
  • Cognate mentionhijnl
  • Cognate mentionhergmh · he
  • Cognate mentionhägmw-cfr · he
  • Cognate mention*𐌷𐌹𐍃got · this
Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

{
  "templates": [
    {
      "name": "etymon",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "enm:he"
      },
      "expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*hiz\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*hiʀ\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"hē\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"he\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"he\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"he\">"
    },
    {
      "name": "dercat",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "inh": "1"
      },
      "expansion": ""
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "he"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English he"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "hē"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English hē"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*hiʀ"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *hiʀ"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*hiz",
        "t": "this, this one"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hiz (“this, this one”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*ḱís",
        "t": "this"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱís (“this”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "sco",
        "2": "he",
        "t": "he"
      },
      "expansion": "Scots he (“he”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "frr",
        "2": "he"
      },
      "expansion": "North Frisian he"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "stq",
        "2": "hie",
        "t": "he"
      },
      "expansion": "Saterland Frisian hie (“he”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "fy",
        "2": "hy",
        "t": "he"
      },
      "expansion": "West Frisian hy (“he”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "hij"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch hij"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "nds-de",
        "2": "he",
        "t": "he"
      },
      "expansion": "German Low German he (“he”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "gmh",
        "2": "her",
        "t": "he"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle High German her (“he”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-cfr",
        "2": "hä",
        "t": "he"
      },
      "expansion": "Central Franconian hä (“he”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "got",
        "2": "*𐌷𐌹𐍃",
        "t": "this"
      },
      "expansion": "Gothic *𐌷𐌹𐍃 (*his, “this”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "etymon",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "enm:he"
      },
      "expansion": ""
    }
  ],
  "links": [
    [
      "he",
      "he#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "hē",
      "he#Old_English"
    ],
    [
      "*hiʀ",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/hiʀ"
    ],
    [
      "*hiz",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hiz"
    ],
    [
      "*ḱís",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ḱís"
    ],
    [
      "he",
      "he#Scots"
    ],
    [
      "he",
      "he#North_Frisian"
    ],
    [
      "hi",
      "hi#North_Frisian"
    ],
    [
      "hie",
      "hie#Saterland_Frisian"
    ],
    [
      "hy",
      "hy#West_Frisian"
    ],
    [
      "hij",
      "hij#Dutch"
    ],
    [
      "ie",
      "ie#Dutch"
    ],
    [
      "he",
      "he#Low_German"
    ],
    [
      "her",
      "her#Middle_High_German"
    ],
    [
      "hä",
      "hä#Central_Franconian"
    ],
    [
      "*𐌷𐌹𐍃",
      "Reconstruction:Gothic/𐌷𐌹𐍃"
    ]
  ],
  "references": [],
  "descendants": [],
  "lexical": [
    {
      "pos": "det",
      "glosses": [
        "Synonym of his."
      ],
      "tags": [],
      "recordId": "156b9c0d12a7be539057c748b5203d351e1ab34e5781c1bb6c64a1e434f4253e",
      "rawRecordSha256": "850348df6a1b0efa0debe63e0b6d844c6b07cc577f368e9f823e3d9cc2b71af8",
      "sourceRecordOrdinal": 24466
    },
    {
      "pos": "noun",
      "glosses": [
        "The game of tag, or it, in which the player attempting to catch the others is called \"he\".",
        "The player who chases and attempts to catch the others in this game.",
        "A male."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "uncountable",
        "countable",
        "informal"
      ],
      "recordId": "260169eac9c8a2ca1ffc7186024b99070af97888c39cd73dd377633d1ba18e1c",
      "rawRecordSha256": "9631ab21efbf7b28e85b6b56e8997929239e2152a542e5a0b32f09477b6dd86c",
      "sourceRecordOrdinal": 24467
    },
    {
      "pos": "pron",
      "glosses": [
        "A person who identifies as male, or animal already known or implied.",
        "They; he or she (a person whose gender is unknown or irrelevant).",
        "It; an animal whose gender is unknown.",
        "A genderless object regarded as masculine, such as certain stars or planets (e.g. Sun, Mercury, Mars, Jupiter) or certain ships."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "personal",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "proscribed",
        "sometimes"
      ],
      "recordId": "574299b023753c638d535311c3b10015fdfa58eea23a602ec2cb88ef42eb0928",
      "rawRecordSha256": "2f65e944d5c5c84606deffcf7ab78a4675ae87e8f1f9882ce6e427e9c92285e4",
      "sourceRecordOrdinal": 24465
    }
  ],
  "omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
    "templates": 0,
    "links": 0,
    "references": 0,
    "descendants": 0,
    "lexicalRecords": 0,
    "lexicalSenses": 0,
    "glosses": 0
  }
}

Source etymology 2

Original entry ↗
noun

The name of the fifth letter of many Semitic alphabets (Phoenician, Aramaic, Hebrew, Syriac, Arabic and others). · The name of the first letter of the Old South Arabian abjad.

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

Transliteration of various Semitic letters, such as Phoenician 𐤄 (h), Hebrew ה (h), Classical Syriac ܗ (h, “hē”), and Old South Arabian 𐩠 (h).

Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

{
  "templates": [
    {
      "name": "translit",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "phn",
        "3": "𐤄",
        "sc": "Phnx",
        "tr": "h",
        "notext": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Phoenician 𐤄 (h)"
    },
    {
      "name": "translit",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "he",
        "3": "ה",
        "sc": "Hebr",
        "tr": "h",
        "notext": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Hebrew ה (h)"
    },
    {
      "name": "translit",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "syc",
        "3": "ܗ",
        "4": "",
        "5": "hē",
        "sc": "Syrc",
        "tr": "h",
        "notext": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Classical Syriac ܗ (h, “hē”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "translit",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "sem-srb",
        "3": "𐩠",
        "sc": "Sarb",
        "tr": "h",
        "notext": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Old South Arabian 𐩠 (h)"
    }
  ],
  "links": [
    [
      "𐤄",
      "𐤄#Phoenician"
    ],
    [
      "ה",
      "ה#Hebrew"
    ],
    [
      "ܗ",
      "ܗ#Classical_Syriac"
    ],
    [
      "𐩠",
      "𐩠#Old_South_Arabian"
    ]
  ],
  "references": [],
  "descendants": [],
  "lexical": [
    {
      "pos": "noun",
      "glosses": [
        "The name of the fifth letter of many Semitic alphabets (Phoenician, Aramaic, Hebrew, Syriac, Arabic and others).",
        "The name of the first letter of the Old South Arabian abjad."
      ],
      "tags": [],
      "recordId": "73481c899817db4cab1eb0ff242c0ba060c6db97ed939c14a4a7dbec98d8ee99",
      "rawRecordSha256": "03227d193b7e78561166455ffb77370b2b1650c110f5a567e2b52f4e2d89c491",
      "sourceRecordOrdinal": 24468
    }
  ],
  "omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
    "templates": 0,
    "links": 0,
    "references": 0,
    "descendants": 0,
    "lexicalRecords": 0,
    "lexicalSenses": 0,
    "glosses": 0
  }
}

Where this record stops

This page does not supply an independently verified sound-change sequence, first-use manuscript or complete family tree unless a cited analysis explicitly establishes one. Missing detail here is a limit of this record—not a claim that humanity knows nothing more.

An older meaning does not determine what a word must mean today. Follow the sources, preserve disagreements, and keep ancestry separate from interpretation.

Contribute located evidence for he →

Source and snapshot

Imported from Wiktionary contributors; extracted by Tatu Ylonen / Wiktextract / Kaikki.org. Selected fields are reformatted and grouped; wording, source identity and etymology sections are retained. CC-BY-SA-4.0 applies to the imported source material.

Dump: 2026-10-01 · Extracted: 2026-10-30. These are snapshot dates, not the word’s first attestation or the page’s revision date.

Source entry and bibliography ↗Wiktionary revision history ↗Acquisition and rights ledger
Machine-source provenance
Source SHA-256
5ff2c072f8099f2d2ce484bd6957bf179f046d2ad37bc36555edf8bb84cb5291
Import run
73216b9a9b78ed3830994bf853103716f5a4dc57099e371e9f8fdc468facca26
Permanent entry ID
w-aGU