Source etymology 1
Original entry ↗verb
Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventoryTo plunder, pillage, assault. · To make repeated attacks on an enemy. · To strip, lay waste, ravage. · To harass, bother or distress with demands, threats, or criticism.
From Middle English herien, harien, from Old English herġian, from Proto-West Germanic *harjōn, from Proto-Germanic *harjōną, from *harjaz (“army”), from Proto-Indo-European *koryos, from *ker- (“army”). Cognates See also Walloon hairyî, Old French hairier, harier; also Saterland Frisian ferheerje, German verheeren (“to harry, devastate”), Swedish härja (“ravage, harry”); also Old English here, West Frisian hear, Dutch heer, German Heer); also Middle Irish cuire (“army”), Lithuanian kãrias (“army; war”), Old Church Slavonic кара (kara, “strife”), Ancient Greek κοίρανος (koíranos, “chief, commander”), Old Persian [script needed] (kāra, “army”)). More at here (“army”). Compare typologically Latin populor.
Relationships mentioned by the source
These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.
- Root classification mention*ker-ine-pro
- Inherited-form mentionherienenm
- Inherited-form mentionherġianang
- Inherited-form mention*harjōngmw-pro
- Inherited-form mention*harjōnągem-pro
- Derivation mention*koryosine-pro
- Cognate mentionhairyîwa
- Cognate mentionferheerjestq
- Cognate mentionverheerende
- Cognate mentionhärjasv
- Cognate mentionhereang
- Cognate mentionhearfy
- Cognate mentionheernl
- Cognate mentionHeerde
- Cognate mentioncuiremga
- Cognate mentionkãriaslt
- Cognate mentionкараcu
- Cognate mentionκοίρανοςgrc
Inspect preserved source fields
Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.
{
"templates": [
{
"name": "root",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ker-"
},
"expansion": ""
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "herien"
},
"expansion": "Middle English herien"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "herġian"
},
"expansion": "Old English herġian"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*harjōn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *harjōn"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*harjōną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *harjōną"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*koryos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *koryos"
},
{
"name": "col-top",
"args": {
"1": "2",
"2": "cog"
},
"expansion": "Cognates"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "wa",
"2": "hairyî"
},
"expansion": "Walloon hairyî"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "ferheerje"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian ferheerje"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "verheeren",
"3": "",
"4": "to harry, devastate"
},
"expansion": "German verheeren (“to harry, devastate”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "härja",
"3": "",
"4": "ravage, harry"
},
"expansion": "Swedish härja (“ravage, harry”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "here"
},
"expansion": "Old English here"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "hear"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian hear"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "heer"
},
"expansion": "Dutch heer"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Heer"
},
"expansion": "German Heer"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "mga",
"2": "cuire",
"3": "",
"4": "army"
},
"expansion": "Middle Irish cuire (“army”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "kãrias",
"3": "",
"4": "army; war"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian kãrias (“army; war”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "кара",
"3": "",
"4": "strife"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic кара (kara, “strife”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "κοίρανος",
"3": "",
"4": "chief, commander"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek κοίρανος (koíranos, “chief, commander”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "peo",
"4": "army",
"tr": "kāra"
},
"expansion": "Old Persian [script needed] (kāra, “army”)"
},
{
"name": "m+",
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "populor"
},
"expansion": "Latin populor"
}
],
"links": [
[
"herien",
"herien#Middle_English"
],
[
"harien",
"harien#Middle_English"
],
[
"herġian",
"hergian#Old_English"
],
[
"*harjōn",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/harjōn"
],
[
"*harjōną",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/harjōną"
],
[
"*harjaz",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/harjaz"
],
[
"*koryos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/koryos"
],
[
"*ker-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ker-"
],
[
"hairyî",
"hairyî#Walloon"
],
[
"hairier",
"hairier#Walloon"
],
[
"harier",
"harier#Walloon"
],
[
"ferheerje",
"ferheerje#Saterland_Frisian"
],
[
"verheeren",
"verheeren#German"
],
[
"härja",
"härja#Swedish"
],
[
"here",
"here#Old_English"
],
[
"hear",
"hear#West_Frisian"
],
[
"heer",
"heer#Dutch"
],
[
"Heer",
"Heer#German"
],
[
"cuire",
"cuire#Middle_Irish"
],
[
"kãrias",
"karias#Lithuanian"
],
[
"кара",
"кара#Old_Church_Slavonic"
],
[
"κοίρανος",
"κοίρανος#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"here",
"here#English"
],
[
"populor",
"populor#Latin"
]
],
"references": [],
"descendants": [],
"lexical": [
{
"pos": "verb",
"glosses": [
"To plunder, pillage, assault.",
"To make repeated attacks on an enemy.",
"To strip, lay waste, ravage.",
"To harass, bother or distress with demands, threats, or criticism."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"recordId": "58e2a1827303a4fea1d8650df05675aaf3d0ac1ea289fa61b74e6aa66c5628ff",
"rawRecordSha256": "e5d9df3f957cc1008a78a3159a0b42dcbdc68185f0e475b7bf9cbc02e7ddd7ee",
"sourceRecordOrdinal": 248141
}
],
"omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
"templates": 0,
"links": 0,
"references": 0,
"descendants": 0,
"lexicalRecords": 0,
"lexicalSenses": 0,
"glosses": 0
}
}