Unnumbered source etymology
Original entry ↗verb
Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventorysimple past and past participle of have · Used to form the past perfect tense, expressing an action that took place prior to a reference point that is itself in the past. · As past subjunctive: would have.
From Middle English hadde (preterite), yhad (past participle), from Old English hæfde (first and third person singular preterite), ġehæfd (past participle), from Proto-Germanic *habdaz, past and past participle stem of *habjaną (“to have”), equivalent to have + -ed. Cognate with Dutch had, German hatte, Swedish hade, Icelandic hafði.
Relationships mentioned by the source
These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.
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{
"templates": [
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "hadde",
"pos": "preterite"
},
"expansion": "Middle English hadde (preterite)"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "hæfde",
"pos": "first and third person singular preterite"
},
"expansion": "Old English hæfde (first and third person singular preterite)"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*habdaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *habdaz"
},
{
"name": "suffix",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "have",
"3": "ed"
},
"expansion": "have + -ed"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "had"
},
"expansion": "Dutch had"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "hatte"
},
"expansion": "German hatte"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "hade"
},
"expansion": "Swedish hade"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "hafði"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic hafði"
}
],
"links": [
[
"hadde",
"hadde#Middle_English"
],
[
"yhad",
"yhad#Middle_English"
],
[
"hæfde",
"hæfde#Old_English"
],
[
"ġehæfd",
"gehæfd#Old_English"
],
[
"*habdaz",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/habdaz"
],
[
"*habjaną",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/habjaną"
],
[
"have",
"have#English"
],
[
"-ed",
"-ed#English"
],
[
"had",
"had#Dutch"
],
[
"hatte",
"hatte#German"
],
[
"hade",
"hade#Swedish"
],
[
"hafði",
"hafði#Icelandic"
]
],
"references": [],
"descendants": [],
"lexical": [
{
"pos": "verb",
"glosses": [
"simple past and past participle of have",
"Used to form the past perfect tense, expressing an action that took place prior to a reference point that is itself in the past.",
"As past subjunctive: would have."
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"participle",
"past",
"auxiliary",
"archaic"
],
"recordId": "c525d4b12b157710427fb47280be8eef82ec8572136555c1236e3a64419f0c3e",
"rawRecordSha256": "24a66ee96b2fbd1d349e8c6849c3fcfbacdd9a327b87828f1c5501acfdd53213",
"sourceRecordOrdinal": 31153
}
],
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"lexicalRecords": 0,
"lexicalSenses": 0,
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}
}