*SET-U

English word origin

Etymology of hatch

From Middle English hacche, hache, from Old English hæċ, from Proto-West Germanic *hakkju (compare Dutch hek ‘gate, railing’, Low German Heck ‘pasture gate, farmyard gate’), variant of *haggju ‘hedge’. More at hedge.

4 source sectionsExtended source reportWiktionary original ↗
In this entry · 4 source sections

The source etymologies

Wiktionary via Kaikki / Wiktextract

The source reports below are imported and unreviewed by *SET-U. Separate numbered origins and differing source variants are preserved; agreement within this extraction is not independent corroboration.

Source etymology 1 · variant 1/2

Original entry ↗
noun

A horizontal door in a floor or ceiling. · A trapdoor. · An opening in a wall at window height for the purpose of serving food or other items. A pass through. · A small door in large mechanical structures and vehicles such as aircraft and spacecraft often provided for access for maintenance.

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

From Middle English hacche, hache, from Old English hæċ, from Proto-West Germanic *hakkju (compare Dutch hek ‘gate, railing’, Low German Heck ‘pasture gate, farmyard gate’), variant of *haggju ‘hedge’. More at hedge.

Relationships mentioned by the source

These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.

  • Inherited-form mentionhaccheenm
  • Inherited-form mentionhæċang
  • Inherited-form mention*hakkjugmw-pro
  • Cognate mentionheknl

This page abbreviates 6 auxiliary source items. The etymology narrative is not shortened. Omission counts are available in the audit fields below; consult the original for complete auxiliary material.

Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

{
  "templates": [
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "hacche"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English hacche"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "hæċ"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English hæċ"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*hakkju"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *hakkju"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "hek"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch hek"
    }
  ],
  "links": [
    [
      "hacche",
      "hacche#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "hache",
      "hache#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "hæċ",
      "hæc#Old_English"
    ],
    [
      "*hakkju",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/hakkju"
    ],
    [
      "hek",
      "hek#Dutch"
    ],
    [
      "Heck",
      "Heck#Low_German"
    ],
    [
      "*haggju",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/haggju"
    ],
    [
      "hedge",
      "hedge"
    ]
  ],
  "references": [],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "Pohnpeian",
      "lang_code": "pon",
      "word": "ahs",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lexical": [
    {
      "pos": "noun",
      "glosses": [
        "A horizontal door in a floor or ceiling.",
        "A trapdoor.",
        "An opening in a wall at window height for the purpose of serving food or other items. A pass through.",
        "A small door in large mechanical structures and vehicles such as aircraft and spacecraft often provided for access for maintenance."
      ],
      "tags": [],
      "recordId": "ccafafe9f8a2067df40e3b1e9702bd2ee9ecce8d80e1da8432700ff20beb1eda",
      "rawRecordSha256": "1537a8f8bee05cfda8bd9dc840081cc4bc7c37e84f3849b5ad2f96255552f8ec",
      "sourceRecordOrdinal": 167504
    }
  ],
  "omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
    "templates": 0,
    "links": 0,
    "references": 0,
    "descendants": 0,
    "lexicalRecords": 0,
    "lexicalSenses": 6,
    "glosses": 0
  }
}

Source etymology 1 · variant 2/2

Original entry ↗
verb

To close with a hatch or hatches.

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

From Middle English hacche, hache, from Old English hæċ, from Proto-West Germanic *hakkju (compare Dutch hek ‘gate, railing’, Low German Heck ‘pasture gate, farmyard gate’), variant of *haggju ‘hedge’. More at hedge.

Relationships mentioned by the source

These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.

  • Inherited-form mentionhaccheenm
  • Inherited-form mentionhæċang
  • Inherited-form mention*hakkjugmw-pro
  • Cognate mentionheknl
Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

{
  "templates": [
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "hacche"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English hacche"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "hæċ"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English hæċ"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*hakkju"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *hakkju"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "hek"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch hek"
    }
  ],
  "links": [
    [
      "hacche",
      "hacche#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "hache",
      "hache#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "hæċ",
      "hæc#Old_English"
    ],
    [
      "*hakkju",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/hakkju"
    ],
    [
      "hek",
      "hek#Dutch"
    ],
    [
      "Heck",
      "Heck#Low_German"
    ],
    [
      "*haggju",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/haggju"
    ],
    [
      "hedge",
      "hedge"
    ]
  ],
  "references": [],
  "descendants": [],
  "lexical": [
    {
      "pos": "verb",
      "glosses": [
        "To close with a hatch or hatches."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ],
      "recordId": "94ceb931e3e096c3ea9a31efeb141ef2b9224d58b47dd74f7bf036eb37f85e4e",
      "rawRecordSha256": "e29f7c31d6eee953a58c6c9b45fe2d9fddbec623df56b03e6c47c97959c09d53",
      "sourceRecordOrdinal": 167505
    }
  ],
  "omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
    "templates": 0,
    "links": 0,
    "references": 0,
    "descendants": 0,
    "lexicalRecords": 0,
    "lexicalSenses": 0,
    "glosses": 0
  }
}

Source etymology 2

Original entry ↗
verb

To emerge from an egg. · To break open when a young animal emerges from it. · To incubate eggs; to cause to hatch. · To devise (a plot or scheme).

noun

The act of hatching. · Development; disclosure; discovery. · A group of birds that emerged from eggs at a specified time. · The phenomenon, lasting 1–2 days, of large clouds of mayflies appearing in one location to mate, having reached maturity.

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

From Middle English hacche, hacchen (“to propagate”), from Old English *hæċċan, āhaċċian (“to peck out; hatch”), from Proto-Germanic *hakjaną. Cognate with German hecken ‘to breed, spawn’, Danish hække (“to hatch”), Swedish häcka (“to breed”); akin to Latvian kakale ‘penis’.

Relationships mentioned by the source

These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.

This page abbreviates 1 auxiliary source items. The etymology narrative is not shortened. Omission counts are available in the audit fields below; consult the original for complete auxiliary material.

Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

{
  "templates": [
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "hacche"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English hacche"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "*hæċċan"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English *hæċċan"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*hakjaną"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hakjaną"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "hecken"
      },
      "expansion": "German hecken"
    }
  ],
  "links": [
    [
      "hacche",
      "hacche#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "hacchen",
      "hacchen#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "*hæċċan",
      "Reconstruction:Old English/hæccan"
    ],
    [
      "āhaċċian",
      "ahaccian#Old_English"
    ],
    [
      "*hakjaną",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hakjaną"
    ],
    [
      "hecken",
      "hecken#German"
    ],
    [
      "hække",
      "hække#Danish"
    ],
    [
      "häcka",
      "häcka#Swedish"
    ],
    [
      "kakale",
      "kakale#Lithuanian"
    ]
  ],
  "references": [],
  "descendants": [],
  "lexical": [
    {
      "pos": "verb",
      "glosses": [
        "To emerge from an egg.",
        "To break open when a young animal emerges from it.",
        "To incubate eggs; to cause to hatch.",
        "To devise (a plot or scheme)."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive",
        "transitive"
      ],
      "recordId": "17e1f8f4cc24e6bcaa73ad405a2db7e11a91034687c4cdd35ce575baddab7506",
      "rawRecordSha256": "ca38911db0d57a9937adb5311c8517925b91c84a51aa611d6375913c927de68b",
      "sourceRecordOrdinal": 167506
    },
    {
      "pos": "noun",
      "glosses": [
        "The act of hatching.",
        "Development; disclosure; discovery.",
        "A group of birds that emerged from eggs at a specified time.",
        "The phenomenon, lasting 1–2 days, of large clouds of mayflies appearing in one location to mate, having reached maturity."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively",
        "often"
      ],
      "recordId": "51a3b082b21d4b8e18fe8444608693cbe6c9d2a8d1e2e4c129b808fcc342c534",
      "rawRecordSha256": "4c24727bdb3e7863145bc6b83275393d1607fc614d82d220d1766f5aa1342933",
      "sourceRecordOrdinal": 167507
    }
  ],
  "omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
    "templates": 0,
    "links": 0,
    "references": 0,
    "descendants": 0,
    "lexicalRecords": 0,
    "lexicalSenses": 1,
    "glosses": 0
  }
}

Source etymology 3

Original entry ↗
verb

To shade an area of (a drawing, diagram, etc.) with fine parallel lines, or with lines which cross each other (crosshatch). · To cross; to spot; to stain; to steep.

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

From Middle French hacher (“to chop, slice up, incise with fine lines”), from Old French hacher, hachier, from Frankish *hakōn, *hakkōn, from Proto-Germanic *hakkōną (“to chop; hack”). More at hack.

Relationships mentioned by the source

These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.

Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

{
  "templates": [
    {
      "name": "der",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "frm",
        "3": "hacher",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to chop, slice up, incise with fine lines"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle French hacher (“to chop, slice up, incise with fine lines”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "der",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "hacher"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French hacher"
    },
    {
      "name": "der",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "frk",
        "3": "*hakōn"
      },
      "expansion": "Frankish *hakōn"
    },
    {
      "name": "der",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*hakkōną",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to chop; hack"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hakkōną (“to chop; hack”)"
    }
  ],
  "links": [
    [
      "hacher",
      "hacher#Middle_French"
    ],
    [
      "hacher",
      "hacher#Old_French"
    ],
    [
      "hachier",
      "hachier#Old_French"
    ],
    [
      "*hakōn",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/hakōn"
    ],
    [
      "*hakkōn",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/hakkōn"
    ],
    [
      "*hakkōną",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hakkōną"
    ],
    [
      "hack",
      "hack#English"
    ]
  ],
  "references": [],
  "descendants": [],
  "lexical": [
    {
      "pos": "verb",
      "glosses": [
        "To shade an area of (a drawing, diagram, etc.) with fine parallel lines, or with lines which cross each other (crosshatch).",
        "To cross; to spot; to stain; to steep."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive",
        "obsolete"
      ],
      "recordId": "6391b13ea1e30648ad7431ea95dd84bfd59cafee07505b36fbb557c7e022341d",
      "rawRecordSha256": "00c492d1cadcff1b933f7ca37b7f876740423c8b971b8674e7bc9e85aa939101",
      "sourceRecordOrdinal": 167508
    }
  ],
  "omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
    "templates": 0,
    "links": 0,
    "references": 0,
    "descendants": 0,
    "lexicalRecords": 0,
    "lexicalSenses": 0,
    "glosses": 0
  }
}

Where this record stops

This page does not supply an independently verified sound-change sequence, first-use manuscript or complete family tree unless a cited analysis explicitly establishes one. Missing detail here is a limit of this record—not a claim that humanity knows nothing more.

An older meaning does not determine what a word must mean today. Follow the sources, preserve disagreements, and keep ancestry separate from interpretation.

Contribute located evidence for hatch →

Source and snapshot

Imported from Wiktionary contributors; extracted by Tatu Ylonen / Wiktextract / Kaikki.org. Selected fields are reformatted and grouped; wording, source identity and etymology sections are retained. CC-BY-SA-4.0 applies to the imported source material.

Dump: 2026-10-01 · Extracted: 2026-10-30. These are snapshot dates, not the word’s first attestation or the page’s revision date.

Source entry and bibliography ↗Wiktionary revision history ↗Acquisition and rights ledger
Machine-source provenance
Source SHA-256
5ff2c072f8099f2d2ce484bd6957bf179f046d2ad37bc36555edf8bb84cb5291
Import run
73216b9a9b78ed3830994bf853103716f5a4dc57099e371e9f8fdc468facca26
Permanent entry ID
w-aGF0Y2g