Etymology of home

The source reports below are imported and unreviewed by *SET-U. Separate numbered origins and differing source variants are preserved; agreement within this extraction is not independent corroboration.

Unnumbered source etymology

Original entry ↗

noun

One’s own dwelling place; the house or structure in which one lives; especially the house in which one lives with one's family; the habitual abode of one’s family. · The place (residence, settlement, country, etc.), where a person was born or raised; a childhood or parental home; the home of one’s parents or guardian. · The abiding place of the affections, especially of the domestic affections. · A house that has been made homelike, to suit the comfort of those who live there.

adj

Of, from, or pertaining to one’s dwelling or country; domestic; not foreign. · That strikes home; direct, pointed. · Personal, intimate. · Relating to the home team (the team at whose venue a game is played).

adv

To one's place of residence or one's customary or official location. · To one's place of birth. · To the place where it belongs; to the end of a course; to the full length. · To the home page.

verb

To return to its owner.

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *ḱey- Proto-Indo-European *-mos Proto-Indo-European *ḱóymos Proto-Indo-European *teḱ- Proto-Indo-European *-éyti Proto-Indo-European *tḱéytibf. Proto-Indo-European *tḱey- Proto-Indo-European *-mos Proto-Indo-European *tḱóymos Proto-Germanic *haimaz Proto-West Germanic *haim Old English hām Middle English hom English home From Middle English hom, from Old English hām, from Proto-West Germanic *haim, from Proto-Germanic *haimaz (“home, village”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱóymos (“village, home”), from the root *tḱey-. Doublet of heyem. Cognates Cognate with Scots hame (“home”), Yola haime, hime, hyme (“home”), Saterland Frisian Heem (“home”), Alemannic German haim, hei, heim, hemmu (“home”), Bavarian hama, hame (“home”), Cimbrian hòam, huam (“home”), Dutch heem, heim (“home”), German Heim (“home”), Limburgish heim, Héïm (“home”), Luxembourgish Heem (“home”), Mòcheno hoa'm (“home”), Vilamovian ham, hām, haom (“home”), Yiddish היים (heym, “home”), Danish hjem (“home”), Faroese, Icelandic heim (“home”), heimur (“world”), Norwegian Bokmål heim, hjem (“home”), Norwegian Nynorsk heim (“home”), Swedish hem (“home”), Gothic 𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌼𐍃 (haims, “village”), Irish caoimh (“dear”), Lithuanian kaimas (“village”), šeima (“family”), Albanian komb (“nation, people”), Ancient Greek κώμη (kṓmē, “village”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱey- (“to lie”) (compare Hittite [script needed] (kittari, “it lies”), Ancient Greek κεῖμαι (keîmai, “to lie down”), Latin civis (“citizen”), Avestan 𐬯𐬀𐬉𐬙𐬈 (saēte, “he lies, rests”), Sanskrit शये (śáye, “he lies”)).

Relationships mentioned by the source

These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.

Inherited-form mentionhomenm
Inherited-form mentionhāmang
Inherited-form mention*haimgmw-pro
Inherited-form mention*haimazgem-pro · home, village
Inherited-form mention*ḱóymosine-pro · village, home
Cognate mentionhamesco · home
Cognate mentionhaimeyol
Cognate mentionHeemstq · home
Cognate mentionhaimgsw
Cognate mentionhamabar
Cognate mentionhòamcim
Cognate mentionheemnl
Cognate mentionHeimde · home
Cognate mentionheimli
Cognate mentionHeemlb · home
Cognate mentionhoa'mmhn · home
Cognate mentionhamwym
Cognate mentionהייםyi · home
Cognate mentionhjemda · home
Cognate mentionheimis · home
Cognate mentionheimnb
Cognate mentionheimnn · home
Cognate mentionhemsv · home
Cognate mention𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌼𐍃got · village
Cognate mentioncaoimhga
Cognate mentionkaimaslt · village
Cognate mentionkombsq · nation, people
Cognate mentionκώμηgrc · village
Cognate mention*ḱey-ine-pro · to lie
Cognate mentionκεῖμαιgrc · to lie down
Cognate mentioncivisla · citizen
Cognate mention𐬯𐬀𐬉𐬙𐬈ae · he lies, rests
Cognate mentionशयेsa · he lies

This page abbreviates 15 auxiliary source items. The etymology narrative is not shortened. Omission counts are available in the audit fields below; consult the original for complete auxiliary material.

Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

{
  "templates": [
    {
      "name": "etymon",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "enm:hom",
        "tree": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *ḱey-\nProto-Indo-European *-mos\nProto-Indo-European *ḱóymos\nProto-Indo-European *teḱ-\nProto-Indo-European *-éyti\nProto-Indo-European *tḱéytibf.\nProto-Indo-European *tḱey-\nProto-Indo-European *-mos\nProto-Indo-European *tḱóymos\nProto-Germanic *haimaz\nProto-West Germanic *haim\nOld English hām\nMiddle English hom\nEnglish home\n[Appendix:Glossary#back-formation|Back-formation]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*teḱ-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-éyti\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*tḱéyti\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"back-formation\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*tḱey-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"id\" : \"noun\", \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"ine-pro\", \"id\" : \"noun\", \"pos\" : \"suffix\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-mos\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*tḱóymos\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*haimaz\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*haim\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"hām\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"hom\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"home\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"home\">"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "hom"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English hom"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "hām"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English hām"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*haim"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *haim"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*haimaz",
        "t": "home, village"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *haimaz (“home, village”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*ḱóymos",
        "t": "village, home"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱóymos (“village, home”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "dbt",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "heyem"
      },
      "expansion": "Doublet of heyem"
    },
    {
      "name": "col-top",
      "args": {
        "1": "2",
        "2": "cog"
      },
      "expansion": "Cognates"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "sco",
        "2": "hame",
        "t": "home"
      },
      "expansion": "Scots hame (“home”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "yol",
        "2": "haime"
      },
      "expansion": "Yola haime"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "stq",
        "2": "Heem",
        "t": "home"
      },
      "expansion": "Saterland Frisian Heem (“home”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "gsw",
        "2": "haim"
      },
      "expansion": "Alemannic German haim"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "bar",
        "2": "hama"
      },
      "expansion": "Bavarian hama"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "cim",
        "2": "hòam"
      },
      "expansion": "Cimbrian hòam"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "heem"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch heem"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "Heim",
        "t": "home"
      },
      "expansion": "German Heim (“home”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "li",
        "2": "heim"
      },
      "expansion": "Limburgish heim"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "lb",
        "2": "Heem",
        "t": "home"
      },
      "expansion": "Luxembourgish Heem (“home”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "mhn",
        "2": "hoa'm",
        "t": "home"
      },
      "expansion": "Mòcheno hoa'm (“home”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "wym",
        "2": "ham"
      },
      "expansion": "Vilamovian ham"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "yi",
        "2": "היים",
        "t": "home"
      },
      "expansion": "Yiddish היים (heym, “home”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "da",
        "2": "hjem",
        "t": "home"
      },
      "expansion": "Danish hjem (“home”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "fo",
        "2": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Faroese"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "is",
        "2": "heim",
        "t": "home"
      },
      "expansion": "Icelandic heim (“home”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "nb",
        "2": "heim"
      },
      "expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål heim"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "nn",
        "2": "heim",
        "t": "home"
      },
      "expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk heim (“home”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "sv",
        "2": "hem",
        "t": "home"
      },
      "expansion": "Swedish hem (“home”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "got",
        "2": "𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌼𐍃",
        "t": "village"
      },
      "expansion": "Gothic 𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌼𐍃 (haims, “village”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "ga",
        "2": "caoimh",
        "3": "",
        "4": "dear"
      },
      "expansion": "Irish caoimh (“dear”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "kaimas",
        "t": "village"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian kaimas (“village”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "sq",
        "2": "komb",
        "t": "nation, people"
      },
      "expansion": "Albanian komb (“nation, people”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "κώμη",
        "t": "village"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek κώμη (kṓmē, “village”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*ḱey-",
        "t": "to lie"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱey- (“to lie”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "hit",
        "tr": "kittari",
        "t": "it lies"
      },
      "expansion": "Hittite [script needed] (kittari, “it lies”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "κεῖμαι",
        "t": "to lie down"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek κεῖμαι (keîmai, “to lie down”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "civis",
        "t": "citizen"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin civis (“citizen”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "ae",
        "2": "𐬯𐬀𐬉𐬙𐬈",
        "t": "he lies, rests"
      },
      "expansion": "Avestan 𐬯𐬀𐬉𐬙𐬈 (saēte, “he lies, rests”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "शये",
        "3": "",
        "tr": "śáye",
        "t": "he lies"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit शये (śáye, “he lies”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "etymon",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "enm:hom",
        "tree": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *ḱey-\nProto-Indo-European *-mos\nProto-Indo-European *ḱóymos\nProto-Indo-European *teḱ-\nProto-Indo-European *-éyti\nProto-Indo-European *tḱéytibf.\nProto-Indo-European *tḱey-\nProto-Indo-European *-mos\nProto-Indo-European *tḱóymos\nProto-Germanic *haimaz\nProto-West Germanic *haim\nOld English hām\nMiddle English hom\nEnglish home"
    }
  ],
  "links": [
    [
      "*ḱey-",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ḱey-#Proto-Indo-European:_lie"
    ],
    [
      "*-mos",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-mos#Proto-Indo-European:_noun"
    ],
    [
      "*ḱóymos",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ḱóymos#Proto-Indo-European:_home"
    ],
    [
      "*teḱ-",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/teḱ-"
    ],
    [
      "*-éyti",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-éyti"
    ],
    [
      "*tḱéyti",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/tḱéyti"
    ],
    [
      "*tḱey-",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/tḱey-#Proto-Indo-European:_cultivate"
    ],
    [
      "*-mos",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-mos#Proto-Indo-European:_noun"
    ],
    [
      "*tḱóymos",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/tḱóymos#Proto-Indo-European:_?"
    ],
    [
      "*haimaz",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/haimaz#Proto-Germanic:_home"
    ],
    [
      "*haim",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/haim"
    ],
    [
      "hām",
      "ham#Old_English:_home"
    ],
    [
      "hom",
      "hom#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "hom",
      "hom#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "hām",
      "ham#Old_English"
    ],
    [
      "*haim",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/haim"
    ],
    [
      "*haimaz",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/haimaz"
    ],
    [
      "*ḱóymos",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ḱóymos"
    ],
    [
      "*tḱey-",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/tḱey-"
    ],
    [
      "heyem",
      "heyem#English"
    ],
    [
      "hame",
      "hame#Scots"
    ],
    [
      "haime",
      "haime#Yola"
    ],
    [
      "hime",
      "hime#Yola"
    ],
    [
      "hyme",
      "hyme#Yola"
    ],
    [
      "Heem",
      "Heem#Saterland_Frisian"
    ],
    [
      "haim",
      "haim#Alemannic_German"
    ],
    [
      "hei",
      "hei#Alemannic_German"
    ],
    [
      "heim",
      "heim#Alemannic_German"
    ],
    [
      "hemmu",
      "hemmu#Alemannic_German"
    ],
    [
      "hama",
      "hama#Bavarian"
    ],
    [
      "hame",
      "hame#Bavarian"
    ],
    [
      "hòam",
      "hòam#Cimbrian"
    ],
    [
      "huam",
      "huam#Cimbrian"
    ],
    [
      "heem",
      "heem#Dutch"
    ],
    [
      "heim",
      "heim#Dutch"
    ],
    [
      "Heim",
      "Heim#German"
    ],
    [
      "heim",
      "heim#Limburgish"
    ],
    [
      "Héïm",
      "Héïm#Limburgish"
    ],
    [
      "Heem",
      "Heem#Luxembourgish"
    ],
    [
      "hoa'm",
      "hoa'm#Mòcheno"
    ],
    [
      "ham",
      "ham#Vilamovian"
    ],
    [
      "hām",
      "hām#Vilamovian"
    ],
    [
      "haom",
      "haom#Vilamovian"
    ],
    [
      "היים",
      "היים#Yiddish"
    ],
    [
      "hjem",
      "hjem#Danish"
    ],
    [
      "heim",
      "heim#Icelandic"
    ],
    [
      "heimur",
      "heimur#Icelandic"
    ],
    [
      "heim",
      "heim#Norwegian_Bokmål"
    ],
    [
      "hjem",
      "hjem#Norwegian_Bokmål"
    ],
    [
      "heim",
      "heim#Norwegian_Nynorsk"
    ],
    [
      "hem",
      "hem#Swedish"
    ],
    [
      "𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌼𐍃",
      "𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌼𐍃#Gothic"
    ],
    [
      "caoimh",
      "caoimh#Irish"
    ],
    [
      "kaimas",
      "kaimas#Lithuanian"
    ],
    [
      "šeima",
      "šeima#Lithuanian"
    ],
    [
      "komb",
      "komb#Albanian"
    ],
    [
      "κώμη",
      "κώμη#Ancient_Greek"
    ],
    [
      "*ḱey-",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ḱey-"
    ],
    [
      "κεῖμαι",
      "κεῖμαι#Ancient_Greek"
    ],
    [
      "civis",
      "civis#Latin"
    ],
    [
      "𐬯𐬀𐬉𐬙𐬈",
      "𐬯𐬀𐬉𐬙𐬈#Avestan"
    ],
    [
      "शये",
      "शये#Sanskrit"
    ]
  ],
  "references": [],
  "descendants": [],
  "lexical": [
    {
      "pos": "noun",
      "glosses": [
        "One’s own dwelling place; the house or structure in which one lives; especially the house in which one lives with one's family; the habitual abode of one’s family.",
        "The place (residence, settlement, country, etc.), where a person was born or raised; a childhood or parental home; the home of one’s parents or guardian.",
        "The abiding place of the affections, especially of the domestic affections.",
        "A house that has been made homelike, to suit the comfort of those who live there."
      ],
      "tags": [],
      "recordId": "0b45026eb4aab23193f2f84bef35dcd328626ff171492c6ceb88a305f685ae19",
      "rawRecordSha256": "b0152d84c44b7c998c4d7845d2c40fc8c8dc7a4cc18df651f96bc2e59f27af63",
      "sourceRecordOrdinal": 43531
    },
    {
      "pos": "adj",
      "glosses": [
        "Of, from, or pertaining to one’s dwelling or country; domestic; not foreign.",
        "That strikes home; direct, pointed.",
        "Personal, intimate.",
        "Relating to the home team (the team at whose venue a game is played)."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "not-comparable",
        "archaic",
        "obsolete"
      ],
      "recordId": "24a6ee8c5eed7018c87e660d35b619ec815adb14984c07ec612f11da788a8945",
      "rawRecordSha256": "2e9af4af4f029c9c57718d722a009b54ff63db9d8e88b0e67714b3f2f3cb248a",
      "sourceRecordOrdinal": 43533
    },
    {
      "pos": "adv",
      "glosses": [
        "To one's place of residence or one's customary or official location.",
        "To one's place of birth.",
        "To the place where it belongs; to the end of a course; to the full length.",
        "To the home page."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "not-comparable",
        "Internet"
      ],
      "recordId": "6b2f31621f2a9157d9bf48257fc51d6a58603c2467e212e5d676248d046fe0cb",
      "rawRecordSha256": "eea7f005899c58d5641ce45ebf09e4ac3d10643c57a198c474af9a6fcb1dbb3d",
      "sourceRecordOrdinal": 43534
    },
    {
      "pos": "verb",
      "glosses": [
        "To return to its owner."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive"
      ],
      "recordId": "bb3ede29b1e3fd4fd2a48ccf842ade59500f49af8a99e75cd0ebae39d487703f",
      "rawRecordSha256": "599de400f8d40344e25994df6823b444ea6e64b415ff8ed609dbee3d873c677f",
      "sourceRecordOrdinal": 43532
    }
  ],
  "omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
    "templates": 0,
    "links": 0,
    "references": 0,
    "descendants": 0,
    "lexicalRecords": 0,
    "lexicalSenses": 15,
    "glosses": 0
  }
}

The source etymologies

Unnumbered source etymology

Relationships mentioned by the source

Where this record stops

Source and snapshot