Unnumbered source etymology
Original entry ↗A small piece of woodland or a woody hill; a copse. · The lair of an animal, especially of an otter.
From Middle English holt, from Old English holt (“forest, wood, grove, thicket; wood, timber”), from Proto-West Germanic *holt, from Proto-Germanic *hultą (“wood”), from Proto-Indo-European *kald-, *klād- (“timber, log”), perhaps corresponding to a root noun *kél(h₂)d ~ *kól(h₂)d ~ *kl̥(h₂)d- (literally “chopped (wood)”), from Proto-Indo-European *kelh₂-, *kleh₂- (“to beat, hew, break, destroy, kill”). Cognate with Scots holt (“a wood, copse, thicket”), North Frisian holt (“wood, timber”), West Frisian hout (“timber, wood”), Dutch hout (“wood, timber”), German Holz (“wood”), Icelandic holt (“woodland, hillock”), Old Irish caill (“forest, wood, woodland”), Ancient Greek κλάδος (kládos, “branch, shoot, twig”), Slovene kol (“stake”), Albanian shul (“door latch”). Doublet of hout. See also clade and cladus, possible doublets via Proto-Indo-European.
Relationships mentioned by the source
These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.
- Root classification mention*kelh₂-ine-pro
- Inherited-form mentionholtenm
- Inherited-form mentionholtang
- Inherited-form mention*holtgmw-pro
- Inherited-form mention*hultągem-pro
- Derivation mention*kelh₂-ine-pro
- Cognate mentionholtsco
- Cognate mentionholtfrr
- Cognate mentionhoutfy
- Cognate mentionhoutnl
- Cognate mentionHolzde
- Cognate mentionholtis
- Cognate mentioncaillsga
- Cognate mentionκλάδοςgrc
- Cognate mentionkolsl
- Cognate mentionshulsq
- Doublet mentionhouten
Inspect preserved source fields
Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.
{
"templates": [
{
"name": "root",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kelh₂-"
},
"expansion": ""
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "holt"
},
"expansion": "Middle English holt"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "holt",
"4": "",
"5": "forest, wood, grove, thicket; wood, timber"
},
"expansion": "Old English holt (“forest, wood, grove, thicket; wood, timber”)"
},
{
"name": "inh",
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"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*holt"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *holt"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
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"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*hultą",
"4": "",
"5": "wood"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hultą (“wood”)"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*kald-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kald-"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kelh₂-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kelh₂-"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "holt",
"3": "",
"4": "a wood, copse, thicket"
},
"expansion": "Scots holt (“a wood, copse, thicket”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "frr",
"2": "holt",
"3": "",
"4": "wood, timber"
},
"expansion": "North Frisian holt (“wood, timber”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "hout",
"3": "",
"4": "timber, wood"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian hout (“timber, wood”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "hout",
"3": "",
"4": "wood, timber"
},
"expansion": "Dutch hout (“wood, timber”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Holz",
"3": "",
"4": "wood"
},
"expansion": "German Holz (“wood”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "holt",
"3": "",
"4": "woodland, hillock"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic holt (“woodland, hillock”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "caill",
"3": "",
"4": "forest, wood, woodland"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish caill (“forest, wood, woodland”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "κλάδος",
"3": "",
"4": "branch, shoot, twig"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek κλάδος (kládos, “branch, shoot, twig”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "kol",
"3": "",
"4": "stake"
},
"expansion": "Slovene kol (“stake”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "shul",
"3": "",
"4": "door latch"
},
"expansion": "Albanian shul (“door latch”)"
},
{
"name": "doublet",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "hout"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of hout"
},
{
"name": "dbt",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "clade",
"3": "cladus",
"notext": "1"
},
"expansion": "clade and cladus"
}
],
"links": [
[
"holt",
"holt#Middle_English"
],
[
"holt",
"holt#Old_English"
],
[
"*holt",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/holt"
],
[
"*hultą",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hultą"
],
[
"*kelh₂-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/kelh₂-"
],
[
"*kleh₂-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/kleh₂-"
],
[
"holt",
"holt#Scots"
],
[
"holt",
"holt#North_Frisian"
],
[
"hout",
"hout#West_Frisian"
],
[
"hout",
"hout#Dutch"
],
[
"Holz",
"Holz#German"
],
[
"holt",
"holt#Icelandic"
],
[
"caill",
"caill#Old_Irish"
],
[
"κλάδος",
"κλάδος#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"kol",
"kol#Slovene"
],
[
"shul",
"shul#Albanian"
],
[
"hout",
"hout#English"
],
[
"clade",
"clade#English"
],
[
"cladus",
"cladus#English"
]
],
"references": [],
"descendants": [],
"lexical": [
{
"pos": "noun",
"glosses": [
"A small piece of woodland or a woody hill; a copse.",
"The lair of an animal, especially of an otter."
],
"tags": [],
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"omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
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}