Source etymology 1
Original entry ↗noun
Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventoryA hollow cavity.
From Middle English holk, from Old English holc, holoc (“hole, cavity”), from Proto-West Germanic *holuk, from Proto-Germanic *hulukaz (“a hollow”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱel- (“to cover, hide”). Equivalent to hole + -ock (diminutive ending). Cognate with Low German holke, hölke (“small hole”), German Holk (“a type of flat-bottomed barge”), Swedish holk (“nest, birdhouse”), dialectal Norwegian holk, hylke (“wooden barrel, cask”), Icelandic hólkur (“hollow cylinder or tube”). Related to hulk.
Relationships mentioned by the source
These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.
- Inherited-form mentionholkenm
- Inherited-form mentionholcang
- Inherited-form mention*holukgmw-pro
- Inherited-form mention*hulukazgem-pro · a hollow
- Derivation mention*ḱel-ine-pro · to cover, hide
- Cognate mentionholkends
- Cognate mentionHolkde · a type of flat-bottomed barge
- Cognate mentionholksv · nest, birdhouse
- Cognate mentionholkno
- Cognate mentionhólkuris · hollow cylinder or tube
Inspect preserved source fields
Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.
{
"templates": [
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "holk"
},
"expansion": "Middle English holk"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "holc"
},
"expansion": "Old English holc"
},
{
"name": "inh",
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"2": "gmw-pro",
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},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *holuk"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*hulukaz",
"t": "a hollow"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hulukaz (“a hollow”)"
},
{
"name": "der",
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"t": "to cover, hide"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱel- (“to cover, hide”)"
},
{
"name": "suf",
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"nocat": "1",
"pos2": "diminutive ending"
},
"expansion": "hole + -ock (diminutive ending)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "holke"
},
"expansion": "Low German holke"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Holk",
"t": "a type of flat-bottomed barge"
},
"expansion": "German Holk (“a type of flat-bottomed barge”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "holk",
"t": "nest, birdhouse"
},
"expansion": "Swedish holk (“nest, birdhouse”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "holk"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian holk"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "hólkur",
"t": "hollow cylinder or tube"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic hólkur (“hollow cylinder or tube”)"
}
],
"links": [
[
"holk",
"holk#Middle_English"
],
[
"holc",
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],
[
"holoc",
"holoc#Old_English"
],
[
"*holuk",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/holuk"
],
[
"*hulukaz",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hulukaz"
],
[
"*ḱel-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ḱel-"
],
[
"hole",
"hole#English"
],
[
"-ock",
"-ock#English"
],
[
"holke",
"holke#Low_German"
],
[
"hölke",
"hölke#Low_German"
],
[
"Holk",
"Holk#German"
],
[
"holk",
"holk#Swedish"
],
[
"holk",
"holk#Norwegian"
],
[
"hylke",
"hylke#Norwegian"
],
[
"hólkur",
"hólkur#Icelandic"
],
[
"hulk",
"hulk#English"
]
],
"references": [],
"descendants": [],
"lexical": [
{
"pos": "noun",
"glosses": [
"A hollow cavity."
],
"tags": [
"UK",
"dialectal"
],
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