*SET-U

English word origin

Etymology of howl

From Middle English howlen, houlen, from Old English *hūlian, from Proto-West Germanic *hūilōn, from Proto-Germanic *hūwilōną, *hiuwilōną (“to howl”), perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *kū-, *kew- (“to howl, scream”). Lik

1 source sectionExtended source reportWiktionary original ↗
In this entry · 1 source sections

The source etymologies

Wiktionary via Kaikki / Wiktextract

The source reports below are imported and unreviewed by *SET-U. Separate numbered origins and differing source variants are preserved; agreement within this extraction is not independent corroboration.

Unnumbered source etymology

Original entry ↗
verb

To utter a loud, protracted, mournful sound or cry, as dogs and wolves often do. · To utter a sound expressive of pain or distress; to cry aloud and mournfully; to lament; to wail. · To make a noise resembling the cry of a wild beast. · To utter with outcry.

noun

The protracted, mournful cry of a dog, wolf or other canid; also of other animals. · Any similar sound. · A prolonged cry of distress or anguish; a wail.

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

From Middle English howlen, houlen, from Old English *hūlian, from Proto-West Germanic *hūilōn, from Proto-Germanic *hūwilōną, *hiuwilōną (“to howl”), perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *kū-, *kew- (“to howl, scream”). Likely of imitative origin. Cognate with Saterland Frisian huulje (“to howl”), Dutch huilen (“to cry”), Romanian a hăuli (“to howl”), Old French ouler, German Low German hulen (“to howl”), German heulen (“to howl”), Danish hyle (“to howl”), Swedish yla (“to scream, yell”), Northern Luri آلٛیر (āłir, “howl”).

Relationships mentioned by the source

These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.

  • Inherited-form mentionhowlenenm
  • Inherited-form mention*hūlianang
  • Inherited-form mention*hūilōngmw-pro
  • Inherited-form mention*hūwilōnągem-pro
  • Derivation mention*kū-ine-pro
  • Cognate mentionhuuljestq · to howl
  • Cognate mentionhuilennl · to cry
  • Cognate mentiona hăuliro · to howl
  • Cognate mentionoulerfro
  • Cognate mentionheulende · to howl
  • Cognate mentionhyleda · to howl
  • Cognate mentionylasv · to scream, yell
  • Cognate mentionآلٛیرlrc · howl
Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

{
  "templates": [
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "howlen"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English howlen"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "*hūlian"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English *hūlian"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*hūilōn"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *hūilōn"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*hūwilōną"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hūwilōną"
    },
    {
      "name": "der",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*kū-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kū-"
    },
    {
      "name": "onomatopoeic",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "title": "imitative"
      },
      "expansion": "imitative"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "stq",
        "2": "huulje",
        "t": "to howl"
      },
      "expansion": "Saterland Frisian huulje (“to howl”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "huilen",
        "t": "to cry"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch huilen (“to cry”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "ro",
        "2": "a hăuli",
        "t": "to howl"
      },
      "expansion": "Romanian a hăuli (“to howl”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "ouler"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French ouler"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "nds-de",
        "2": "hulen",
        "t": "to howl"
      },
      "expansion": "German Low German hulen (“to howl”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "heulen",
        "t": "to howl"
      },
      "expansion": "German heulen (“to howl”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "da",
        "2": "hyle",
        "t": "to howl"
      },
      "expansion": "Danish hyle (“to howl”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "sv",
        "2": "yla",
        "t": "to scream, yell"
      },
      "expansion": "Swedish yla (“to scream, yell”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "lrc",
        "2": "آلٛیر",
        "tr": "āłir",
        "t": "howl"
      },
      "expansion": "Northern Luri آلٛیر (āłir, “howl”)"
    }
  ],
  "links": [
    [
      "howlen",
      "howlen#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "houlen",
      "houlen#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "*hūlian",
      "Reconstruction:Old English/hulian"
    ],
    [
      "*hūilōn",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/hūilōn"
    ],
    [
      "*hūwilōną",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hūwilōną"
    ],
    [
      "*hiuwilōną",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hiuwilōną"
    ],
    [
      "*kū-",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/kū-"
    ],
    [
      "*kew-",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/kew-"
    ],
    [
      "huulje",
      "huulje#Saterland_Frisian"
    ],
    [
      "huilen",
      "huilen#Dutch"
    ],
    [
      "a hăuli",
      "a hăuli#Romanian"
    ],
    [
      "ouler",
      "ouler#Old_French"
    ],
    [
      "hulen",
      "hulen#Low_German"
    ],
    [
      "heulen",
      "heulen#German"
    ],
    [
      "hyle",
      "hyle#Danish"
    ],
    [
      "yla",
      "yla#Swedish"
    ],
    [
      "آلٛیر",
      "آلٛیر#Northern_Luri"
    ]
  ],
  "references": [],
  "descendants": [],
  "lexical": [
    {
      "pos": "verb",
      "glosses": [
        "To utter a loud, protracted, mournful sound or cry, as dogs and wolves often do.",
        "To utter a sound expressive of pain or distress; to cry aloud and mournfully; to lament; to wail.",
        "To make a noise resembling the cry of a wild beast.",
        "To utter with outcry."
      ],
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    },
    {
      "pos": "noun",
      "glosses": [
        "The protracted, mournful cry of a dog, wolf or other canid; also of other animals.",
        "Any similar sound.",
        "A prolonged cry of distress or anguish; a wail."
      ],
      "tags": [],
      "recordId": "e750ff66c5df53f465f4b060413da36d595364d08371f03c5c0a676e80c68099",
      "rawRecordSha256": "423b80e9cbe66f31d8093b291025b124e07f1d19c31c5c881140446b1e78e524",
      "sourceRecordOrdinal": 237352
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  ],
  "omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
    "templates": 0,
    "links": 0,
    "references": 0,
    "descendants": 0,
    "lexicalRecords": 0,
    "lexicalSenses": 0,
    "glosses": 0
  }
}

Where this record stops

This page does not supply an independently verified sound-change sequence, first-use manuscript or complete family tree unless a cited analysis explicitly establishes one. Missing detail here is a limit of this record—not a claim that humanity knows nothing more.

An older meaning does not determine what a word must mean today. Follow the sources, preserve disagreements, and keep ancestry separate from interpretation.

Contribute located evidence for howl →

Source and snapshot

Imported from Wiktionary contributors; extracted by Tatu Ylonen / Wiktextract / Kaikki.org. Selected fields are reformatted and grouped; wording, source identity and etymology sections are retained. CC-BY-SA-4.0 applies to the imported source material.

Dump: 2026-10-01 · Extracted: 2026-10-30. These are snapshot dates, not the word’s first attestation or the page’s revision date.

Source entry and bibliography ↗Wiktionary revision history ↗Acquisition and rights ledger
Machine-source provenance
Source SHA-256
5ff2c072f8099f2d2ce484bd6957bf179f046d2ad37bc36555edf8bb84cb5291
Import run
73216b9a9b78ed3830994bf853103716f5a4dc57099e371e9f8fdc468facca26
Permanent entry ID
w-aG93bA