Source etymology 1
Original entry ↗To put to death; to extinguish the life of. · To render inoperative. · To stop, cease, or render void; to terminate. · To amaze, exceed, stun, or otherwise incapacitate.
The act of killing. · Specifically, the death blow. · The result of killing; that which has been killed. · An instance of killing; a score on the tally of enemy personnel or vehicles killed or destroyed.
From Middle English killen, kyllen, cüllen (“to strike, beat, cut”), of obscure origin. Cognate with Scots kele, keil (“to kill”). * Perhaps from unattested Old English *cyllan, from Proto-West Germanic *kwulljan, from Proto-Germanic *kwuljaną, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷelH- (“to throw, hit, hurt by throwing”). * Or, possibly a variant of Old English cwellan (“to kill, murder, execute”) (see quell). * Or, from Old Norse kolla (“to hit on the head, harm”), related to Norwegian kylla (“to poll”), Middle Dutch kollen (“to knock down”), Icelandic kollur (“top, head”); see also coll, cole). Compare also Saterland Frisian källe (“to hurt”), Middle Dutch kellen (“to kill, hurt”), Middle Low German kellen, killen (“to ache strongly, cause one great pain”) (whence German Low German kellen, killen (“to hurt, injure, torment, vex”)), Middle High German kellen (“to torment; torture”).
Relationships mentioned by the source
These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.
- Inherited-form mentionkillenenm
- Cognate mentionkelesco
- Inherited-form mention*cyllanang
- Inherited-form mention*kwulljangmw-pro
- Inherited-form mention*kwuljanągem-pro
- Derivation mention*gʷelH-ine-pro · to throw, hit, hurt by throwing
- Inherited-form mentioncwellanang · to kill, murder, execute
- Derivation mentionkollanon · to hit on the head, harm
- Cognate mentionkyllano · to poll
- Cognate mentionkollendum · to knock down
- Cognate mentionkolluris · top, head
- Cognate mentionkällestq · to hurt
- Cognate mentionkellendum · to kill, hurt
- Cognate mentionkellengml
- Cognate mentionkellengmh · to torment; torture
This page abbreviates 15 auxiliary source items. The etymology narrative is not shortened. Omission counts are available in the audit fields below; consult the original for complete auxiliary material.
Inspect preserved source fields
Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.
{
"templates": [
{
"name": "inh",
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},
"expansion": "Middle English killen"
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},
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"3": "cwellan",
"t": "to kill, murder, execute"
},
"expansion": "Old English cwellan (“to kill, murder, execute”)"
},
{
"name": "der",
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"1": "en",
"2": "non",
"3": "kolla",
"t": "to hit on the head, harm"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse kolla (“to hit on the head, harm”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
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"2": "kylla",
"t": "to poll"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian kylla (“to poll”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
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"2": "kollen",
"t": "to knock down"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch kollen (“to knock down”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
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},
"expansion": "Icelandic kollur (“top, head”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
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"t": "to hurt"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian källe (“to hurt”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "kellen",
"t": "to kill, hurt"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch kellen (“to kill, hurt”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "kellen"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German kellen"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "kellen"
},
"expansion": "German Low German kellen"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "kellen",
"t": "to torment; torture"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German kellen (“to torment; torture”)"
}
],
"links": [
[
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"killen#Middle_English"
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[
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[
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[
"*cyllan",
"Reconstruction:Old English/cyllan"
],
[
"*kwulljan",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/kwulljan"
],
[
"*kwuljaną",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/kwuljaną"
],
[
"*gʷelH-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/gʷelH-"
],
[
"cwellan",
"cwellan#Old_English"
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[
"quell",
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[
"kolla",
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],
[
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[
"kollen",
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[
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[
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[
"cole",
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[
"källe",
"källe#Saterland_Frisian"
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[
"kellen",
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[
"kellen",
"kellen#Middle_Low_German"
],
[
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[
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[
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[
"kellen",
"kellen#Middle_High_German"
]
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{
"pos": "verb",
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"To put to death; to extinguish the life of.",
"To render inoperative.",
"To stop, cease, or render void; to terminate.",
"To amaze, exceed, stun, or otherwise incapacitate."
],
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"The act of killing.",
"Specifically, the death blow.",
"The result of killing; that which has been killed.",
"An instance of killing; a score on the tally of enemy personnel or vehicles killed or destroyed."
],
"tags": [
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