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English word origin

Etymology of kneel

From Middle English knelen, from Old English cnēowlian (“to kneel”), equivalent to knee + -le. Cognate with Dutch knielen, Low German knelen, dialectal German knielen, Alemannic German chnüle, Danish knæle, all meaning “

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In this entry · 1 source sections

The source etymologies

Wiktionary via Kaikki / Wiktextract

The source reports below are imported and unreviewed by *SET-U. Separate numbered origins and differing source variants are preserved; agreement within this extraction is not independent corroboration.

Unnumbered source etymology

Original entry ↗
verb

To rest on one's bent knees, sometimes only one; to move to such a position. · To sink down so that the entrance is level with the pavement, making it easier for passengers to enter. · To cause to kneel. · To rest on (one's) knees.

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

From Middle English knelen, from Old English cnēowlian (“to kneel”), equivalent to knee + -le. Cognate with Dutch knielen, Low German knelen, dialectal German knielen, Alemannic German chnüle, Danish knæle, all meaning “to kneel”.

Relationships mentioned by the source

These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.

Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

{
  "templates": [
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "knelen"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English knelen"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "cnēowlian",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to kneel"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English cnēowlian (“to kneel”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "suffix",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "knee",
        "3": "le"
      },
      "expansion": "knee + -le"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "knielen"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch knielen"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "nds",
        "2": "knelen"
      },
      "expansion": "Low German knelen"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "knielen"
      },
      "expansion": "German knielen"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "gsw",
        "2": "chnüle"
      },
      "expansion": "Alemannic German chnüle"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "da",
        "2": "knæle"
      },
      "expansion": "Danish knæle"
    }
  ],
  "links": [
    [
      "knelen",
      "knelen#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "cnēowlian",
      "cneowlian#Old_English"
    ],
    [
      "knee",
      "knee#English"
    ],
    [
      "-le",
      "-le#English"
    ],
    [
      "knielen",
      "knielen#Dutch"
    ],
    [
      "knelen",
      "knelen#Low_German"
    ],
    [
      "knielen",
      "knielen#German"
    ],
    [
      "chnüle",
      "chnüle#Alemannic_German"
    ],
    [
      "knæle",
      "knæle#Danish"
    ]
  ],
  "references": [],
  "descendants": [],
  "lexical": [
    {
      "pos": "verb",
      "glosses": [
        "To rest on one's bent knees, sometimes only one; to move to such a position.",
        "To sink down so that the entrance is level with the pavement, making it easier for passengers to enter.",
        "To cause to kneel.",
        "To rest on (one's) knees."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive",
        "transitive",
        "archaic",
        "reflexive"
      ],
      "recordId": "29fb1469708f1a6c3e30ac44cb4d6848a4cb119859ebfbafa51555b44afd1c6c",
      "rawRecordSha256": "15afe792e978ec0581d720bf97c06d51fd85ddee69d54fd4b2a47dad4cbdfe44",
      "sourceRecordOrdinal": 31333
    }
  ],
  "omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
    "templates": 0,
    "links": 0,
    "references": 0,
    "descendants": 0,
    "lexicalRecords": 0,
    "lexicalSenses": 0,
    "glosses": 0
  }
}

Where this record stops

This page does not supply an independently verified sound-change sequence, first-use manuscript or complete family tree unless a cited analysis explicitly establishes one. Missing detail here is a limit of this record—not a claim that humanity knows nothing more.

An older meaning does not determine what a word must mean today. Follow the sources, preserve disagreements, and keep ancestry separate from interpretation.

Contribute located evidence for kneel →

Source and snapshot

Imported from Wiktionary contributors; extracted by Tatu Ylonen / Wiktextract / Kaikki.org. Selected fields are reformatted and grouped; wording, source identity and etymology sections are retained. CC-BY-SA-4.0 applies to the imported source material.

Dump: 2026-10-01 · Extracted: 2026-10-30. These are snapshot dates, not the word’s first attestation or the page’s revision date.

Source entry and bibliography ↗Wiktionary revision history ↗Acquisition and rights ledger
Machine-source provenance
Source SHA-256
5ff2c072f8099f2d2ce484bd6957bf179f046d2ad37bc36555edf8bb84cb5291
Import run
73216b9a9b78ed3830994bf853103716f5a4dc57099e371e9f8fdc468facca26
Permanent entry ID
w-a25lZWw