Source etymology 1 · variant 1/2
Original entry ↗adv
Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventoryFully; quite; very; thoroughly; completely; exactly; entirely.
From Middle English ful, from Old English full (“full”), from Proto-West Germanic *full, from Proto-Germanic *fullaz (“full”), from Proto-Indo-European *pl̥h₁nós (“full”). Germanic cognates include West Frisian fol, Low German vull, Dutch vol, German voll, Danish fuld, Norwegian Bokmål, Norwegian Nynorsk, and Swedish full. Proto-Indo-European cognates include English plenty (via Latin, compare plēnus), Welsh llawn, Russian по́лный (pólnyj), Lithuanian pilnas, Persian پر (por), Sanskrit पूर्ण (pūrṇá). See also fele and Scots fou (whence the English doublet fou (“drunk”)). For the "drunk, intoxicated" sense, compare also Swedish full and other Scandinavian languages.
Relationships mentioned by the source
These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.
- Root classification mention*pleh₁-ine-pro
- Inherited-form mentionfulenm
- Inherited-form mentionfullang · full
- Inherited-form mention*fullgmw-pro
- Inherited-form mention*fullazgem-pro · full
- Inherited-form mention*pl̥h₁nósine-pro · full
- Cognate mentionfolfy
- Cognate mentionvullnds
- Cognate mentionvolnl
- Cognate mentionvollde
- Cognate mentionfuldda
- Cognate mentionplentyen
- Cognate mentionllawncy
- Cognate mentionпо́лныйru
- Cognate mentionpilnaslt
- Cognate mentionپرfa
- Cognate mentionपूर्णsa
- Doublet mentionfouen · drunk
Inspect preserved source fields
Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.
{
"templates": [
{
"name": "root",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*pleh₁-"
},
"expansion": ""
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "ful"
},
"expansion": "Middle English ful"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "full",
"t": "full"
},
"expansion": "Old English full (“full”)"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*full"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *full"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*fullaz",
"t": "full"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *fullaz (“full”)"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*pl̥h₁nós",
"t": "full"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pl̥h₁nós (“full”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "fol"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian fol"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "vull"
},
"expansion": "Low German vull"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "vol"
},
"expansion": "Dutch vol"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "voll"
},
"expansion": "German voll"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "fuld"
},
"expansion": "Danish fuld"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nb,nn,sv",
"2": "full"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål, Norwegian Nynorsk, and Swedish full"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "plenty"
},
"expansion": "English plenty"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "llawn"
},
"expansion": "Welsh llawn"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "по́лный"
},
"expansion": "Russian по́лный (pólnyj)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "pilnas"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian pilnas"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "پر",
"tr": "por"
},
"expansion": "Persian پر (por)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "पूर्ण",
"tr": "pūrṇá"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit पूर्ण (pūrṇá)"
},
{
"name": "m+",
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "fou",
"w": "1"
},
"expansion": "Scots fou"
},
{
"name": "glossary",
"args": {
"1": "doublet"
},
"expansion": "doublet"
},
{
"name": "doublet",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fou",
"t1": "drunk",
"notext": "1"
},
"expansion": "fou (“drunk”)"
},
{
"name": "m+",
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "full"
},
"expansion": "Swedish full"
}
],
"links": [
[
"ful",
"ful#Middle_English"
],
[
"full",
"full#Old_English"
],
[
"*full",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/full"
],
[
"*fullaz",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/fullaz"
],
[
"*pl̥h₁nós",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/pl̥h₁nós"
],
[
"fol",
"fol#West_Frisian"
],
[
"vull",
"vull#Low_German"
],
[
"vol",
"vol#Dutch"
],
[
"voll",
"voll#German"
],
[
"fuld",
"fuld#Danish"
],
[
"Norwegian Bokmål",
"full#Norwegian_Bokmål"
],
[
"Norwegian Nynorsk",
"full#Norwegian_Nynorsk"
],
[
"full",
"full#Swedish"
],
[
"plenty",
"plenty#English"
],
[
"plēnus",
"plenus#Latin"
],
[
"llawn",
"llawn#Welsh"
],
[
"по́лный",
"полный#Russian"
],
[
"pilnas",
"pilnas#Lithuanian"
],
[
"پر",
"پر#Persian"
],
[
"पूर्ण",
"पूर्ण#Sanskrit"
],
[
"fele",
"fele#English"
],
[
"fou",
"fou#Scots"
],
[
"fou",
"fou#English"
],
[
"full",
"full#Swedish"
]
],
"references": [],
"descendants": [],
"lexical": [
{
"pos": "adv",
"glosses": [
"Fully; quite; very; thoroughly; completely; exactly; entirely."
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"not-comparable"
],
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}