Source etymology 1
Original entry ↗Of hair, to form into a mass of tight curls. · To curl; to make frizzy. · To form into little burs, knobs, or tufts, as the nap of cloth. · To make (leather) soft and of even thickness by rubbing, as with pumice stone or a blunt instrument.
From Middle English frysen, from Old French friser, frizer (“to frizzle, crisp, curl, ruffle, braid, touch lightly, graze, scratch”), of Proto-Germanic origin, perhaps via Old Frankish *fris (“curl”), from Proto-Germanic *frisaz (“frizzy, curly”). Cognate with Old Frisian frisle, frēsle ("the hair of the head, lock of hair, curl, ringlet"; > North Frisian friessle, fressle (“hair, horse's tail”), West Frisian frisseljen (“braid of hair, braid”)), Old English frīs (“crisped, curled”).
Relationships mentioned by the source
These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.
This page abbreviates 1 auxiliary source items. The etymology narrative is not shortened. Omission counts are available in the audit fields below; consult the original for complete auxiliary material.
Inspect preserved source fields
Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.
{
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"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "frysen"
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"expansion": "Middle English frysen"
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"expansion": "Old French friser"
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{
"name": "der",
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"4": "",
"5": "curl"
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"3": "*frisaz",
"4": "",
"5": "frizzy, curly"
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"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *frisaz (“frizzy, curly”)"
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"expansion": "Old Frisian frisle"
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"expansion": "North Frisian friessle"
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{
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"4": "braid of hair, braid"
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"expansion": "West Frisian frisseljen (“braid of hair, braid”)"
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{
"name": "gloss",
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"1": "\"the hair of the head, lock of hair, curl, ringlet\"; > North Frisian <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"frr\">friessle</i>, <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"frr\">fressle</i> (“hair, horse's tail”), West Frisian <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"fy\">frisseljen</i> (“braid of hair, braid”)"
},
"expansion": "(\"the hair of the head, lock of hair, curl, ringlet\"; > North Frisian friessle, fressle (“hair, horse's tail”), West Frisian frisseljen (“braid of hair, braid”))"
},
{
"name": "cog",
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"4": "crisped, curled"
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"expansion": "Old English frīs (“crisped, curled”)"
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"frysen",
"frysen#Middle_English"
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[
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"friser#Old_French"
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[
"frizer",
"frizer#Old_French"
],
[
"*fris",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/fris"
],
[
"*frisaz",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/frisaz"
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[
"frisle",
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],
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"frēsle",
"fresle#Old_Frisian"
],
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"w:North Frisian language"
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[
"friessle",
"friessle#North_Frisian"
],
[
"fressle",
"fressle#North_Frisian"
],
[
"West Frisian",
"w:West Frisian language"
],
[
"frisseljen",
"frisseljen#West_Frisian"
],
[
"frīs",
"fris#Old_English"
]
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"references": [],
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"lexical": [
{
"pos": "verb",
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"Of hair, to form into a mass of tight curls.",
"To curl; to make frizzy.",
"To form into little burs, knobs, or tufts, as the nap of cloth.",
"To make (leather) soft and of even thickness by rubbing, as with pumice stone or a blunt instrument."
],
"tags": [
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