Unnumbered source etymology · variant 1/2
Original entry ↗noun
Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventoryA product of fertilization in a plant, specifically · The seed-bearing part of a plant; often edible, colourful, fragrant, and sweet or sour; produced from a floral ovary after fertilization. · The spores of cryptogams and their accessory organs. · Any sweet or sour, edible part of a plant that resembles seed-bearing fruit (see former sense) even if it does not develop from a floral ovary.
Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *bʰrewHg- Proto-Indo-European *-yéti Proto-Indo-European *bʰruHgyéti Proto-Italic *frūgjōr Proto-Italic *frūjōr Latin fruor Proto-Indo-European *-tus Proto-Italic *-tus Latin -tus Latin frūctus Old French fruitbor. Middle English fruyt English fruit From Middle English fruyt, frut (“fruits and vegetables”), from Old French fruit (“produce, fruits and vegetables”), from Latin fruitus (“enjoyment, proceeds, profits, produce, income”), frūctus and frūx (“crop, produce, fruit”) (compare Latin fruor (“have the benefit of, to use, to enjoy”)). Cognate with English brook (“to bear, tolerate”) and German brauchen (“to need”). Partially displaced native Old English wæstm, ofett and æppel (whence modern ovest and apple). Compare Dutch vrucht, German Frucht, Norwegian Bokmål, Norwegian Nynorsk, and Swedish frukt, Danish frugt. In the derogatory senses of “crazy person” and “homosexual or effeminate man”, possibly a shortening of fruitcake, or of independent origin, compare Fruit (slang).
Relationships mentioned by the source
These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.
- Root classification mention*bʰrewHg-ine-pro
- Inherited-form mentionfruytenm
- Derivation mentionfruitfro · produce, fruits and vegetables
- Derivation mentionfruitusla · enjoyment, proceeds, profits, produce, income
- Cognate mentionfruorla · have the benefit of, to use, to enjoy
- Cognate mentionbrooken · to bear, tolerate
- Cognate mentionbrauchende · to need
- Non-cognate comparisonwæstmang
- Cognate mentionvruchtnl
- Cognate mentionFruchtde
- Cognate mentionfrugtda
This page abbreviates 7 auxiliary source items. The etymology narrative is not shortened. Omission counts are available in the audit fields below; consult the original for complete auxiliary material.
Inspect preserved source fields
Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.
{
"templates": [
{
"name": "etymon",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "enm:fruyt<id:produce>",
"id": "plant",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *bʰrewHg-\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *bʰruHgyéti\nProto-Italic *frūgjōr\nProto-Italic *frūjōr\nLatin fruor\nProto-Indo-European *-tus\nProto-Italic *-tus\nLatin -tus\nLatin frūctus\nOld French fruitbor.\nMiddle English fruyt\nEnglish fruit\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"plant\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"fruit\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*frūgjōr\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*bʰruHgyéti\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*bʰrewHg-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yéti\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*frūjōr\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"fruor\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"id\" : \"action noun\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"action noun\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-tus\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\", \"pos\" : \"suffix deriving action nouns from verb roots\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-tus\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-tus\", \"lang\" : \"la\", \"pos\" : \"forming action nouns\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"frūctus\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"fruit\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"fruyt\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"fruit\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-id=\"plant\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"fruit\" id=\"English:_plant\">"
},
{
"name": "root",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰrewHg-"
},
"expansion": ""
},
{
"name": "dercat",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "itc-pro"
},
"expansion": ""
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "fruyt"
},
"expansion": "Middle English fruyt"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "fruit",
"t": "produce, fruits and vegetables"
},
"expansion": "Old French fruit (“produce, fruits and vegetables”)"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "fruitus",
"t": "enjoyment, proceeds, profits, produce, income"
},
"expansion": "Latin fruitus (“enjoyment, proceeds, profits, produce, income”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "fruor",
"t": "have the benefit of, to use, to enjoy"
},
"expansion": "Latin fruor (“have the benefit of, to use, to enjoy”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "brook",
"t": "to bear, tolerate"
},
"expansion": "English brook (“to bear, tolerate”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "brauchen",
"t": "to need"
},
"expansion": "German brauchen (“to need”)"
},
{
"name": "ncog",
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "wæstm"
},
"expansion": "Old English wæstm"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "vrucht"
},
"expansion": "Dutch vrucht"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Frucht"
},
"expansion": "German Frucht"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nb,nn,sv",
"2": "frukt"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål, Norwegian Nynorsk, and Swedish frukt"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "frugt"
},
"expansion": "Danish frugt"
},
{
"name": "etymon",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "enm:fruyt<id:produce>",
"id": "plant",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *bʰrewHg-\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *bʰruHgyéti\nProto-Italic *frūgjōr\nProto-Italic *frūjōr\nLatin fruor\nProto-Indo-European *-tus\nProto-Italic *-tus\nLatin -tus\nLatin frūctus\nOld French fruitbor.\nMiddle English fruyt\nEnglish fruit"
}
],
"links": [
[
"*bʰrewHg-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/bʰrewHg-"
],
[
"*-yéti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-yéti"
],
[
"*frūjōr",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/frūjōr"
],
[
"fruor",
"fruor#Latin"
],
[
"*-tus",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-tus#Proto-Indo-European:_action_noun"
],
[
"*-tus",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/-tus"
],
[
"-tus",
"-tus#Latin:_action_noun"
],
[
"frūctus",
"fructus#Latin:_fruit"
],
[
"fruit",
"fruit#Old_French:_plant"
],
[
"fruyt",
"fruyt#Middle_English:_produce"
],
[
"fruyt",
"fruyt#Middle_English"
],
[
"frut",
"frut#Middle_English"
],
[
"fruit",
"fruit#Old_French"
],
[
"fruitus",
"fruitus#Latin"
],
[
"frūctus",
"fructus#Latin"
],
[
"frūx",
"frux#Latin"
],
[
"fruor",
"fruor#Latin"
],
[
"brook",
"brook#English"
],
[
"brauchen",
"brauchen#German"
],
[
"wæstm",
"wæstm#Old_English"
],
[
"ofett",
"ofett#Old_English"
],
[
"æppel",
"æppel#Old_English"
],
[
"ovest",
"ovest"
],
[
"apple",
"apple"
],
[
"vrucht",
"vrucht#Dutch"
],
[
"Frucht",
"Frucht#German"
],
[
"Norwegian Bokmål",
"frukt#Norwegian_Bokmål"
],
[
"Norwegian Nynorsk",
"frukt#Norwegian_Nynorsk"
],
[
"frukt",
"frukt#Swedish"
],
[
"frugt",
"frugt#Danish"
],
[
"fruitcake",
"fruitcake#English"
]
],
"references": [],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Bislama",
"lang_code": "bi",
"word": "frut"
},
{
"lang": "Jamaican Creole",
"lang_code": "jam",
"word": "fruut"
},
{
"lang": "Tok Pisin",
"lang_code": "tpi",
"word": "frut"
},
{
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"word": "フルーツ",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "furūtsu"
}
],
"lexical": [
{
"pos": "noun",
"glosses": [
"A product of fertilization in a plant, specifically",
"The seed-bearing part of a plant; often edible, colourful, fragrant, and sweet or sour; produced from a floral ovary after fertilization.",
"The spores of cryptogams and their accessory organs.",
"Any sweet or sour, edible part of a plant that resembles seed-bearing fruit (see former sense) even if it does not develop from a floral ovary."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"recordId": "9136db70d50738d5efa209b144eeace62227ff920b2eee4be9571b5b1a2ce2e2",
"rawRecordSha256": "3a0618aa02ef25873c572bd349907f5e496c18a913ddc9efb566eafe31b13508",
"sourceRecordOrdinal": 7548
}
],
"omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
"templates": 0,
"links": 0,
"references": 0,
"descendants": 0,
"lexicalRecords": 0,
"lexicalSenses": 7,
"glosses": 0
}
}