*SET-U

English word origin

Etymology of flake

From Middle English flake (“a flake of snow”), from Old English flacca and/or Old Norse flak (“loose or torn piece”) (compare Old Norse flakna (“to flake or chip”)), from Proto-Germanic *flaką (“something flat”), from Pr

3 source sectionsExtended source reportWiktionary original ↗
In this entry · 3 source sections

The source etymologies

Wiktionary via Kaikki / Wiktextract

The source reports below are imported and unreviewed by *SET-U. Separate numbered origins and differing source variants are preserved; agreement within this extraction is not independent corroboration.

Source etymology 1

Original entry ↗
verb

To break or chip off in a flake. · To prove unreliable or impractical; to abandon or desert, to fail to follow through. · To store an item such as rope or sail in layers · To hit (another person).

noun

A loose filmy mass or a thin chiplike layer of anything · A scale of a fish or similar animal · A prehistoric tool chipped out of stone. · A person who is impractical, flighty, unreliable, or inconsistent; especially with maintaining a living.

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

From Middle English flake (“a flake of snow”), from Old English flacca and/or Old Norse flak (“loose or torn piece”) (compare Old Norse flakna (“to flake or chip”)), from Proto-Germanic *flaką (“something flat”), from Proto-Indo-European *pleh₂- (“flat, broad, plain”). Cognate with Norwegian flak (“slice, sliver”, literally “piece torn off”), Swedish flak (“a thin slice”), Danish flage (“flake”), German Flocke (“flake”), Dutch vlak (“smooth surface, plain”) and vlok (“flake”), as well as with Latin plaga (“flat surface, district, region”) and Welsh llech (“slate, tablet”). Doublet of plage.

Relationships mentioned by the source

These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.

  • Inherited-form mentionflakeenm · a flake of snow
  • Inherited-form mentionflaccaang
  • Derivation mentionflaknon · loose or torn piece
  • Cognate mentionflaknanon · to flake or chip
  • Derivation mention*flakągem-pro · something flat
  • Derivation mention*pleh₂-ine-pro
  • Cognate mentionflakno
  • Cognate mentionflaksv
  • Cognate mentionflageda
  • Cognate mentionFlockede
  • Cognate mentionvlaknl
  • Cognate mentionplagala
  • Cognate mentionllechcy
  • Doublet mentionplageen

This page abbreviates 6 auxiliary source items. The etymology narrative is not shortened. Omission counts are available in the audit fields below; consult the original for complete auxiliary material.

Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

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      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "flake",
        "t": "a flake of snow"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English flake (“a flake of snow”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "flacca"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English flacca"
    },
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      "name": "der",
      "args": {
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        "2": "non",
        "3": "flak",
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      },
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    },
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    },
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        "4": "",
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      },
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    },
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      "name": "cog",
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    },
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        "3": "",
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      },
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    },
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        "3": "",
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    },
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        "3": "",
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    },
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        "3": "",
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    },
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        "2": "plaga",
        "3": "",
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      },
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    },
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      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "llech",
        "3": "",
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      },
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    },
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      },
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      "flak#Old_Norse"
    ],
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      "flakna",
      "flakna#Old_Norse"
    ],
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    ],
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      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/pleh₂-"
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      "flak#Norwegian"
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      "flak",
      "flak#Swedish"
    ],
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      "flage",
      "flage#Danish"
    ],
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      "Flocke",
      "Flocke#German"
    ],
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      "vlak",
      "vlak#Dutch"
    ],
    [
      "vlok",
      "vlok#Dutch"
    ],
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      "plaga",
      "plaga#Latin"
    ],
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      "llech#Welsh"
    ],
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      "plage#English"
    ]
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        "To break or chip off in a flake.",
        "To prove unreliable or impractical; to abandon or desert, to fail to follow through.",
        "To store an item such as rope or sail in layers",
        "To hit (another person)."
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Source etymology 2

Original entry ↗
noun

Dogfish. · The meat of the gummy shark.

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

A name given to dogfish to improve its marketability as a food, perhaps from etymology 1.

Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

{
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      "pos": "noun",
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Source etymology 3

Original entry ↗
noun

A paling; a hurdle. · A platform of hurdles, or small sticks made fast or interwoven, supported by stanchions, for drying codfish and other things. · A small stage hung over a vessel's side, for workmen to stand on while calking, etc. · Alternative form of fake (“turn or coil of cable or hawser”).

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

Compare Icelandic flaki, Icelandic fleki, Danish flage, Dutch vlaak.

Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

{
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      "args": {
        "1": "is",
        "2": "flaki"
      },
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    },
    {
      "name": "m+",
      "args": {
        "1": "is",
        "2": "fleki"
      },
      "expansion": "Icelandic fleki"
    },
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      "name": "m+",
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Where this record stops

This page does not supply an independently verified sound-change sequence, first-use manuscript or complete family tree unless a cited analysis explicitly establishes one. Missing detail here is a limit of this record—not a claim that humanity knows nothing more.

An older meaning does not determine what a word must mean today. Follow the sources, preserve disagreements, and keep ancestry separate from interpretation.

Contribute located evidence for flake →

Source and snapshot

Imported from Wiktionary contributors; extracted by Tatu Ylonen / Wiktextract / Kaikki.org. Selected fields are reformatted and grouped; wording, source identity and etymology sections are retained. CC-BY-SA-4.0 applies to the imported source material.

Dump: 2026-10-01 · Extracted: 2026-10-30. These are snapshot dates, not the word’s first attestation or the page’s revision date.

Source entry and bibliography ↗Wiktionary revision history ↗Acquisition and rights ledger
Machine-source provenance
Source SHA-256
5ff2c072f8099f2d2ce484bd6957bf179f046d2ad37bc36555edf8bb84cb5291
Import run
73216b9a9b78ed3830994bf853103716f5a4dc57099e371e9f8fdc468facca26
Permanent entry ID
w-Zmxha2U