Unnumbered source etymology
Original entry ↗noun
Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventoryA conifer of the genus Abies. · Any pinaceous conifer of related genera, especially a Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga) or a Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris). · Wood of such trees.
Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *perkʷ-der. Proto-Germanic *furhō Proto-West Germanic *furhu Old English furh Middle English firre English fir From Middle English firre, from Old English fyrh, furh, as in furhwudu (“pinewood”), from Proto-West Germanic *furhu, from Proto-Germanic *furhō, *furhijǭ, from Proto-Indo-European *pŕ̥kʷeh₂, from *pérkʷus (“oak”). Possibly conflated during Middle English with Old Norse fýri (as in fýriskógr (“pine-wood”). Germanic cognates include Dutch vuren, Low German Fuhr, German Föhre (“pine”), Danish fyr). Outside of Germanic, compare Italian (Trentino) porca (“fir”), Latin quercus (“oak”), Albanian shpardh, shparr (“Italian oak”), Punjabi ਪਰਗਾਇ (pargāī, “holm oak, Quercus baloot”)). Related to frith.
Relationships mentioned by the source
These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.
- Inherited-form mentionfirreenm
- Inherited-form mentionfyrhang
- Inherited-form mention*furhugmw-pro
- Inherited-form mention*furhōgem-pro
- Inherited-form mention*pŕ̥kʷeh₂ine-pro
- Derivation mentionfýrinon
- Cognate mentionvurennl
- Cognate mentionFuhrnds
- Cognate mentionFöhrede
- Cognate mentionfyrda
- Cognate mentionquercusla
- Cognate mentionshpardhsq
- Cognate mentionਪਰਗਾਇpa
Inspect preserved source fields
Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.
{
"templates": [
{
"name": "ety",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "enm:firre<id:fir>",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *perkʷ-der.\nProto-Germanic *furhō\nProto-West Germanic *furhu\nOld English furh\nMiddle English firre\nEnglish fir\n[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*perkʷ-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*furhō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*furhu\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"furh\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"firre\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"fir\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"fir\">"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "firre"
},
"expansion": "Middle English firre"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "fyrh"
},
"expansion": "Old English fyrh"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*furhu"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *furhu"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*furhō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *furhō"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*pŕ̥kʷeh₂"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pŕ̥kʷeh₂"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "non",
"3": "fýri"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse fýri"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "vuren"
},
"expansion": "Dutch vuren"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "Fuhr"
},
"expansion": "Low German Fuhr"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Föhre",
"3": "",
"4": "pine"
},
"expansion": "German Föhre (“pine”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "fyr"
},
"expansion": "Danish fyr"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Italian"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "quercus",
"3": "",
"4": "oak"
},
"expansion": "Latin quercus (“oak”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "shpardh"
},
"expansion": "Albanian shpardh"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "pa",
"2": "ਪਰਗਾਇ",
"3": "",
"4": "holm oak, Quercus baloot",
"tr": "pargāī"
},
"expansion": "Punjabi ਪਰਗਾਇ (pargāī, “holm oak, Quercus baloot”)"
},
{
"name": "ety",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "enm:firre<id:fir>",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *perkʷ-der.\nProto-Germanic *furhō\nProto-West Germanic *furhu\nOld English furh\nMiddle English firre\nEnglish fir"
}
],
"links": [
[
"*perkʷ-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/perkʷ-"
],
[
"*furhō",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/furhō"
],
[
"*furhu",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/furhu"
],
[
"furh",
"furh#Old_English:_fir"
],
[
"firre",
"firre#Middle_English:_fir"
],
[
"firre",
"firre#Middle_English"
],
[
"fyrh",
"fyrh#Old_English"
],
[
"furh",
"furh#Old_English"
],
[
"furhwudu",
"furhwudu#Old_English"
],
[
"*furhu",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/furhu"
],
[
"*furhō",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/furhō"
],
[
"*furhijǭ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/furhijǭ"
],
[
"*pŕ̥kʷeh₂",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/pŕ̥kʷeh₂"
],
[
"*pérkʷus",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/pérkʷus"
],
[
"fýri",
"fýri#Old_Norse"
],
[
"fýriskógr",
"fýriskógr#Old_Norse"
],
[
"vuren",
"vuren#Dutch"
],
[
"Fuhr",
"Fuhr#Low_German"
],
[
"Föhre",
"Föhre#German"
],
[
"fyr",
"fyr#Danish"
],
[
"porca",
"porca#Italian"
],
[
"quercus",
"quercus#Latin"
],
[
"shpardh",
"shpardh#Albanian"
],
[
"shparr",
"shparr#Albanian"
],
[
"ਪਰਗਾਇ",
"ਪਰਗਾਇ#Punjabi"
],
[
"frith",
"frith#Etymology 3"
]
],
"references": [],
"descendants": [],
"lexical": [
{
"pos": "noun",
"glosses": [
"A conifer of the genus Abies.",
"Any pinaceous conifer of related genera, especially a Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga) or a Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris).",
"Wood of such trees."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
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"sourceRecordOrdinal": 241021
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