Etymology of fee

The source reports below are imported and unreviewed by *SET-U. Separate numbered origins and differing source variants are preserved; agreement within this extraction is not independent corroboration.

Unnumbered source etymology

Original entry ↗

noun

An amount charged in return for permission to do something · An amount charged ancillary to the (occasionally null) base cost of a product or service; an additional charge, nominally for some additional privilege, ability or permission. · An amount charged for something: the base cost of purchasing some thing, service, etc. · A fixed rate or price charged for (chiefly white-collar) professional services.

verb

To reward for services performed, or to be performed; to recompense; to hire or keep in hire; hence, to bribe.

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

From Middle English fee, fe, feh, feoh, from Old English feoh (“cattle, property, wealth, money, payment, tribute, fee”) with contamination from Old French fieu, fief (from Medieval Latin fevum, a variant of feudum (see feud), from Frankish *fehu (“cattle, livestock”); whence fief), both from Proto-Germanic *fehu (“cattle, sheep, livestock, owndom”), from Proto-Indo-European *péḱu (“livestock”). Cognates Cognate with Saterland Frisian Fäi (“cattle, livestock”), West Frisian fee (“livestock”), Cimbrian biighe, viighe (“animal, beast”), Dutch vee (“cattle, livestock”), German Viech (“animal, beast”), Vieh (“livestock”), German Low German Veeh (“cattle, livestock, property”), Luxembourgish Véi (“cattle”), Vilamovian fi, fī, fii, fiih (“cattle, livestock”), Yiddish פֿי (fi), פֿיך (fikh, “cattle, livestock”), Danish and Faroese fæ (“cattle, livestock”), Icelandic fé (“assets, livestock, money”), Norwegian Bokmål and Norwegian Nynorsk fe (“cattle, livestock”), Swedish fä (“beast, cattle, dolt”), Gothic 𐍆𐌰𐌹𐌷𐍉 (faihō), 𐍆𐌰𐌹𐌷𐌿 (faihu, “possessions, property; riches, wealth; money”); also Latin pecū (“cattle”), Old Prussian pecku (“cattle”), Armenian ասր (asr, “fleece, wool”), Avestan 𐬞𐬀𐬯𐬎 (pasu, “livestock”), Bactrian ποσο (poso, “sheep”), Central Kurdish پەز (pez, “sheep”), Northern Kurdish pez (“sheep”), Ossetian фыс (fys, “sheep”), Talysh pəs, пәс (“sheep”), Sanskrit पशु (paśu, “cattle”).

Relationships mentioned by the source

These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.

Root classification mention*peḱ-ine-pro
Inherited-form mentionfeeenm
Inherited-form mentionfeohang
Derivation mentionfieufro
Doublet mentionfeuden
Doublet mentionfiefen
Inherited-form mention*fehugem-pro · cattle, sheep, livestock, owndom
Inherited-form mention*péḱuine-pro · livestock
Cognate mentionFäistq · cattle, livestock
Cognate mentionfeefy · livestock
Cognate mentionbiighecim
Cognate mentionveenl · cattle, livestock
Cognate mentionViechde · animal, beast
Cognate mentionVéilb · cattle
Cognate mentionfiwym
Cognate mentionפֿיyi
Cognate mentionféis · assets, livestock, money
Cognate mentionfäsv · beast, cattle, dolt
Cognate mention𐍆𐌰𐌹𐌷𐍉got
Cognate mentionpecūla · cattle
Cognate mentionpeckuprg · cattle
Cognate mentionասրhy · fleece, wool
Cognate mention𐬞𐬀𐬯𐬎ae · livestock
Cognate mentionποσοxbc · sheep
Cognate mentionپەزckb · sheep
Cognate mentionpezkmr · sheep
Cognate mentionфысos · sheep
Cognate mentionpəstly
Cognate mentionपशुsa · cattle

This page abbreviates 7 auxiliary source items. The etymology narrative is not shortened. Omission counts are available in the audit fields below; consult the original for complete auxiliary material.

Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

{
  "templates": [
    {
      "name": "root",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*peḱ-",
        "id": "livestock"
      },
      "expansion": ""
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "fee"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English fee"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "feoh",
        "4": "",
        "5": "cattle, property, wealth, money, payment, tribute, fee"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English feoh (“cattle, property, wealth, money, payment, tribute, fee”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "der",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "fieu"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French fieu"
    },
    {
      "name": "der",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la-med",
        "3": "fevum"
      },
      "expansion": "Medieval Latin fevum"
    },
    {
      "name": "doublet",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "feud",
        "id1": "estate",
        "notext": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "feud"
    },
    {
      "name": "der",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "frk",
        "3": "*fehu",
        "t": "cattle, livestock"
      },
      "expansion": "Frankish *fehu (“cattle, livestock”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "doublet",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fief",
        "notext": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "fief"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*fehu",
        "t": "cattle, sheep, livestock, owndom"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *fehu (“cattle, sheep, livestock, owndom”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*péḱu",
        "t": "livestock"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *péḱu (“livestock”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "col-top",
      "args": {
        "1": "2",
        "2": "cog"
      },
      "expansion": "Cognates"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "stq",
        "2": "Fäi",
        "t": "cattle, livestock"
      },
      "expansion": "Saterland Frisian Fäi (“cattle, livestock”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "fy",
        "2": "fee",
        "t": "livestock"
      },
      "expansion": "West Frisian fee (“livestock”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "cim",
        "2": "biighe"
      },
      "expansion": "Cimbrian biighe"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "vee",
        "t": "cattle, livestock"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch vee (“cattle, livestock”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "Viech",
        "t": "animal, beast"
      },
      "expansion": "German Viech (“animal, beast”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "nds-de",
        "2": "Veeh",
        "t": "cattle, livestock, property"
      },
      "expansion": "German Low German Veeh (“cattle, livestock, property”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "lb",
        "2": "Véi",
        "t": "cattle"
      },
      "expansion": "Luxembourgish Véi (“cattle”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "wym",
        "2": "fi"
      },
      "expansion": "Vilamovian fi"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "yi",
        "2": "פֿי"
      },
      "expansion": "Yiddish פֿי (fi)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "da,fo",
        "2": "fæ",
        "t": "cattle, livestock"
      },
      "expansion": "Danish and Faroese fæ (“cattle, livestock”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "is",
        "2": "fé",
        "t": "assets, livestock, money"
      },
      "expansion": "Icelandic fé (“assets, livestock, money”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "nb,nn",
        "2": "fe",
        "t": "cattle, livestock"
      },
      "expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål and Norwegian Nynorsk fe (“cattle, livestock”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "sv",
        "2": "fä",
        "t": "beast, cattle, dolt"
      },
      "expansion": "Swedish fä (“beast, cattle, dolt”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "got",
        "2": "𐍆𐌰𐌹𐌷𐍉"
      },
      "expansion": "Gothic 𐍆𐌰𐌹𐌷𐍉 (faihō)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "pecū",
        "t": "cattle"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin pecū (“cattle”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "prg",
        "2": "pecku",
        "t": "cattle"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Prussian pecku (“cattle”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "hy",
        "2": "ասր",
        "t": "fleece, wool"
      },
      "expansion": "Armenian ասր (asr, “fleece, wool”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "ae",
        "2": "𐬞𐬀𐬯𐬎",
        "t": "livestock"
      },
      "expansion": "Avestan 𐬞𐬀𐬯𐬎 (pasu, “livestock”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "xbc",
        "2": "ποσο",
        "t": "sheep"
      },
      "expansion": "Bactrian ποσο (poso, “sheep”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "ckb",
        "2": "پەز",
        "t": "sheep"
      },
      "expansion": "Central Kurdish پەز (pez, “sheep”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "kmr",
        "2": "pez",
        "t": "sheep"
      },
      "expansion": "Northern Kurdish pez (“sheep”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "os",
        "2": "фыс",
        "t": "sheep"
      },
      "expansion": "Ossetian фыс (fys, “sheep”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "tly",
        "2": "pəs"
      },
      "expansion": "Talysh pəs"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "पशु",
        "t": "cattle"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit पशु (paśu, “cattle”)"
    }
  ],
  "links": [
    [
      "fee",
      "fee#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "fe",
      "fe#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "feh",
      "feh#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "feoh",
      "feoh#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "feoh",
      "feoh#Old_English"
    ],
    [
      "fieu",
      "fieu#Old_French"
    ],
    [
      "fief",
      "fief#Old_French"
    ],
    [
      "fevum",
      "fevum#Latin"
    ],
    [
      "feudum",
      "feudum#Latin"
    ],
    [
      "feud",
      "feud#English:_estate"
    ],
    [
      "*fehu",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/fehu"
    ],
    [
      "fief",
      "fief#English"
    ],
    [
      "*fehu",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/fehu"
    ],
    [
      "*péḱu",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/péḱu"
    ],
    [
      "Fäi",
      "Fäi#Saterland_Frisian"
    ],
    [
      "fee",
      "fee#West_Frisian"
    ],
    [
      "biighe",
      "biighe#Cimbrian"
    ],
    [
      "viighe",
      "viighe#Cimbrian"
    ],
    [
      "vee",
      "vee#Dutch"
    ],
    [
      "Viech",
      "Viech#German"
    ],
    [
      "Vieh",
      "Vieh#German"
    ],
    [
      "Veeh",
      "Veeh#Low_German"
    ],
    [
      "Véi",
      "Véi#Luxembourgish"
    ],
    [
      "fi",
      "fi#Vilamovian"
    ],
    [
      "fī",
      "fī#Vilamovian"
    ],
    [
      "fii",
      "fii#Vilamovian"
    ],
    [
      "fiih",
      "fiih#Vilamovian"
    ],
    [
      "פֿי",
      "פֿי#Yiddish"
    ],
    [
      "פֿיך",
      "פֿיך#Yiddish"
    ],
    [
      "Danish",
      "fæ#Danish"
    ],
    [
      "fæ",
      "fæ#Faroese"
    ],
    [
      "fé",
      "fé#Icelandic"
    ],
    [
      "Norwegian Bokmål",
      "fe#Norwegian_Bokmål"
    ],
    [
      "fe",
      "fe#Norwegian_Nynorsk"
    ],
    [
      "fä",
      "fä#Swedish"
    ],
    [
      "𐍆𐌰𐌹𐌷𐍉",
      "𐍆𐌰𐌹𐌷𐍉#Gothic"
    ],
    [
      "𐍆𐌰𐌹𐌷𐌿",
      "𐍆𐌰𐌹𐌷𐌿#Gothic"
    ],
    [
      "pecū",
      "pecu#Latin"
    ],
    [
      "pecku",
      "pecku#Old_Prussian"
    ],
    [
      "ասր",
      "ասր#Armenian"
    ],
    [
      "𐬞𐬀𐬯𐬎",
      "𐬞𐬀𐬯𐬎#Avestan"
    ],
    [
      "ποσο",
      "ποσο#Bactrian"
    ],
    [
      "پەز",
      "پەز#Central_Kurdish"
    ],
    [
      "pez",
      "pez#Northern_Kurdish"
    ],
    [
      "фыс",
      "фыс#Ossetian"
    ],
    [
      "pəs",
      "pəs#Talysh"
    ],
    [
      "пәс",
      "пәс#Talysh"
    ],
    [
      "पशु",
      "पशु#Sanskrit"
    ]
  ],
  "references": [],
  "descendants": [],
  "lexical": [
    {
      "pos": "noun",
      "glosses": [
        "An amount charged in return for permission to do something",
        "An amount charged ancillary to the (occasionally null) base cost of a product or service; an additional charge, nominally for some additional privilege, ability or permission.",
        "An amount charged for something: the base cost of purchasing some thing, service, etc.",
        "A fixed rate or price charged for (chiefly white-collar) professional services."
      ],
      "tags": [],
      "recordId": "a071e74ba42e30611bbee8fdb5358370ac9244894b11b8005b0ce7cb810ebc16",
      "rawRecordSha256": "91959ce63a527aa9d96bd3da2fe5bbba5d103303233662889ad9d5cf3752409e",
      "sourceRecordOrdinal": 178202
    },
    {
      "pos": "verb",
      "glosses": [
        "To reward for services performed, or to be performed; to recompense; to hire or keep in hire; hence, to bribe."
      ],
      "tags": [],
      "recordId": "bd28546425ed366ccc8e479dfc577ae5b2d3d65547a5ad10ed05c41eb2541a70",
      "rawRecordSha256": "05f2f985f23367c223021635f310e9d4fa1dd0db378d76090a734606cca551fb",
      "sourceRecordOrdinal": 178203
    }
  ],
  "omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
    "templates": 0,
    "links": 0,
    "references": 0,
    "descendants": 0,
    "lexicalRecords": 0,
    "lexicalSenses": 7,
    "glosses": 0
  }
}

The source etymologies

Unnumbered source etymology

Relationships mentioned by the source

Where this record stops

Source and snapshot