Source etymology 1
Original entry ↗prefix
Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventoryBefore: the root is happening earlier in time. · The early stage of the root time period · Directly or immediately preceding in time. · Positioned at or near the front.
Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *per- Proto-Indo-European *preh₂-der. Proto-Indo-European *pr̥h₂éy Proto-Germanic *furai Proto-Germanic *furai- Proto-West Germanic *forē- Old English fore- Middle English fore- English fore- From Middle English fore-, from Old English fore-, from Proto-West Germanic *forē-, from Proto-Germanic *fura-, *furai- (“before, in front of, for”), from Proto-Indo-European *per- (“before, formerly; through, throughout”). Akin to Old Saxon and Old High German fora-, Gothic 𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌰- (faura-) (see 𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌰 (faura)), Dutch voor- (“fore-”).
Relationships mentioned by the source
These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.
This page abbreviates 14 auxiliary source items. The etymology narrative is not shortened. Omission counts are available in the audit fields below; consult the original for complete auxiliary material.
Inspect preserved source fields
Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.
{
"templates": [
{
"name": "ety",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "enm:fore-<ety:inh<ang:fore->>",
"id": "before",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *per-\nProto-Indo-European *preh₂-der.\nProto-Indo-European *pr̥h₂éy\nProto-Germanic *furai\nProto-Germanic *furai-\nProto-West Germanic *forē-\nOld English fore-\nMiddle English fore-\nEnglish fore-\n[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"before\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*per-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*preh₂-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*pr̥h₂éy\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*furai\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*furai-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*forē-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"fore-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"fore-\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"fore-\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-id=\"before\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"fore-\" id=\"English:_before\">"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "fore-"
},
"expansion": "Middle English fore-"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "fore-"
},
"expansion": "Old English fore-"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*forē-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *forē-"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*fura-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *fura-"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*per-",
"4": "",
"5": "before, formerly; through, throughout"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *per- (“before, formerly; through, throughout”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "fora-"
},
"expansion": "Old High German fora-"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌰-"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌰- (faura-)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "voor-",
"3": "",
"4": "fore-"
},
"expansion": "Dutch voor- (“fore-”)"
},
{
"name": "ety",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "enm:fore-<ety:inh<ang:fore->>",
"id": "before",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *per-\nProto-Indo-European *preh₂-der.\nProto-Indo-European *pr̥h₂éy\nProto-Germanic *furai\nProto-Germanic *furai-\nProto-West Germanic *forē-\nOld English fore-\nMiddle English fore-\nEnglish fore-"
}
],
"links": [
[
"*per-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/per-#Proto-Indo-European:_before"
],
[
"*preh₂-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/preh₂-"
],
[
"*pr̥h₂éy",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/pr̥h₂éy"
],
[
"*furai",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/furai"
],
[
"*furai-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/furai-"
],
[
"*forē-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/forē-"
],
[
"fore-",
"fore-#Old_English"
],
[
"fore-",
"fore-#Middle_English"
],
[
"fore-",
"fore-#Middle_English"
],
[
"fore-",
"fore-#Old_English"
],
[
"*forē-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/forē-"
],
[
"*fura-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/fura-"
],
[
"*furai-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/furai-"
],
[
"*per-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/per-"
],
[
"fora-",
"fora-#Old_High_German"
],
[
"𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌰-",
"𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌰-#Gothic"
],
[
"𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌰",
"𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌰#Gothic"
],
[
"voor-",
"voor-#Dutch"
]
],
"references": [],
"descendants": [],
"lexical": [
{
"pos": "prefix",
"glosses": [
"Before: the root is happening earlier in time.",
"The early stage of the root time period",
"Directly or immediately preceding in time.",
"Positioned at or near the front."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
],
"recordId": "45b8c4ad5a5d92c787e86d3d652e9118ce62591604ed1154d42ac8effd7f837b",
"rawRecordSha256": "b6097e0ddd651b85384506f56b38168dc63680dd76be94b592f896af9530165b",
"sourceRecordOrdinal": 187087
}
],
"omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
"templates": 0,
"links": 0,
"references": 0,
"descendants": 0,
"lexicalRecords": 0,
"lexicalSenses": 14,
"glosses": 0
}
}