Etymology of ford

The source reports below are imported and unreviewed by *SET-U. Separate numbered origins and differing source variants are preserved; agreement within this extraction is not independent corroboration.

Unnumbered source etymology

Original entry ↗

noun

A location where a stream is shallow and the bottom has good footing, making it possible to cross from one side to the other with no bridge, by walking, riding, or driving through the water; a crossing. · A stream; a current.

verb

To cross a stream by walking through it. · To traverse any precarious environment.

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *per- Proto-Indo-European *-tus Proto-Indo-European *pértus Proto-Germanic *furduz Proto-West Germanic *furdu Old English ford English ford From Middle English fōrd, from Old English ford, from Proto-West Germanic *furdu, from Proto-Germanic *furduz, from Proto-Indo-European *pértus (“crossing”). Doublet of firth, fjord, and fjard, all via Old Norse; and port, distantly via Latin. Cognate with Low German Föörd, Dutch voord, German Furt, Norwegian and Danish fjord. See also forth and Persian پل (pol, “bridge”).

Relationships mentioned by the source

These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.

Inherited-form mentionfōrdenm
Inherited-form mentionfordang
Inherited-form mention*furdugmw-pro
Inherited-form mention*furduzgem-pro
Inherited-form mention*pértusine-pro · crossing
Doublet mentionfirthen
Doublet mentionfjorden
Doublet mentionfjarden
Doublet mentionporten
Cognate mentionFöördnds
Cognate mentionvoordnl
Cognate mentionFurtde
Cognate mentionپلfa · bridge

Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

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      "name": "etymon",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "ang:ford<id:crossing>",
        "id": "crossing",
        "tree": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *per-\nProto-Indo-European *-tus\nProto-Indo-European *pértus\nProto-Germanic *furduz\nProto-West Germanic *furdu\nOld English ford\nEnglish ford\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*furduz\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*furdu\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"ford\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"ford\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-id=\"crossing\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"ford\" id=\"English:_crossing\">"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "fōrd"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English fōrd"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "ford"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English ford"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
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        "2": "gmw-pro",
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      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *furdu"
    },
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        "3": "*furduz"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *furduz"
    },
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        "3": "*pértus",
        "t": "crossing"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pértus (“crossing”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "doublet",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "firth",
        "3": "fjord",
        "4": "fjard"
      },
      "expansion": "Doublet of firth, fjord, and fjard"
    },
    {
      "name": "ncog",
      "args": {
        "1": "non",
        "2": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse"
    },
    {
      "name": "doublet",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "port",
        "notext": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "port"
    },
    {
      "name": "ncog",
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "nds",
        "2": "Föörd"
      },
      "expansion": "Low German Föörd"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "voord"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch voord"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "Furt"
      },
      "expansion": "German Furt"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "no,da",
        "2": "fjord"
      },
      "expansion": "Norwegian and Danish fjord"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "پل",
        "tr": "pol",
        "t": "bridge"
      },
      "expansion": "Persian پل (pol, “bridge”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "etymon",
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        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "ang:ford<id:crossing>",
        "id": "crossing",
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      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *per-\nProto-Indo-European *-tus\nProto-Indo-European *pértus\nProto-Germanic *furduz\nProto-West Germanic *furdu\nOld English ford\nEnglish ford"
    }
  ],
  "links": [
    [
      "*per-",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/per-#Proto-Indo-European:_fare"
    ],
    [
      "*-tus",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-tus#Proto-Indo-European:_action_noun"
    ],
    [
      "*pértus",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/pértus#Proto-Indo-European:_crossing"
    ],
    [
      "*furduz",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/furduz#Proto-Germanic:_ford"
    ],
    [
      "*furdu",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/furdu#Proto-West_Germanic:_ford"
    ],
    [
      "ford",
      "ford#Old_English:_crossing"
    ],
    [
      "fōrd",
      "ford#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "ford",
      "ford#Old_English"
    ],
    [
      "*furdu",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/furdu"
    ],
    [
      "*furduz",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/furduz"
    ],
    [
      "*pértus",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/pértus"
    ],
    [
      "firth",
      "firth#English"
    ],
    [
      "fjord",
      "fjord#English"
    ],
    [
      "fjard",
      "fjard#English"
    ],
    [
      "port",
      "port#English"
    ],
    [
      "Föörd",
      "Föörd#Low_German"
    ],
    [
      "voord",
      "voord#Dutch"
    ],
    [
      "Furt",
      "Furt#German"
    ],
    [
      "Norwegian",
      "fjord#Norwegian"
    ],
    [
      "fjord",
      "fjord#Danish"
    ],
    [
      "forth",
      "forth#English"
    ],
    [
      "پل",
      "پل#Persian"
    ]
  ],
  "references": [],
  "descendants": [],
  "lexical": [
    {
      "pos": "noun",
      "glosses": [
        "A location where a stream is shallow and the bottom has good footing, making it possible to cross from one side to the other with no bridge, by walking, riding, or driving through the water; a crossing.",
        "A stream; a current."
      ],
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        "To cross a stream by walking through it.",
        "To traverse any precarious environment."
      ],
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}

The source etymologies

Unnumbered source etymology

Relationships mentioned by the source

Where this record stops

Source and snapshot