Source etymology 1
Original entry ↗Forth: prefixed to verbs to indicate a direction of 'away', 'off', 'forth'. · Exhausting: prefixed to verbs with the sense of wearing or exhausting oneself. · Destructively: prefixed to verbs with the sense of destruction or pain. · Wrongly: prefixed to verbs with the sense of wrongly, amorally.
From Middle English for-, vor-, ver-, from Old English for-, fer-, fær-, fyr- (“far, away, completely”, prefix), from the merger of Proto-Germanic *fra- ("away, away from"; see fro, from) and Proto-Germanic *fur-, *far- (“through, completely, fully”), from Proto-Indo-European *pro-, *per-, *pr-. Cognate with Scots for-, West Frisian fer-, for-, Dutch ver-, German ver-, Swedish för-, Danish for-, Norwegian for-, Gothic 𐍆𐍂𐌰- (fra-), Latin pro-. More at for.
Relationships mentioned by the source
These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.
- Root classification mention*per-ine-pro
- Inherited-form mentionfor-enm
- Inherited-form mentionfor-ang
- Inherited-form mention*fra-gem-pro
- Inherited-form mention*fur-gem-pro
- Inherited-form mention*pro-ine-pro
- Cognate mentionfor-sco
- Cognate mentionfer-fy
- Cognate mentionver-nl
- Cognate mentionver-de
- Cognate mentionför-sv
- Cognate mentionfor-da
- Cognate mentionfor-no
- Cognate mention𐍆𐍂𐌰-got
- Cognate mentionpro-la
This page abbreviates 7 auxiliary source items. The etymology narrative is not shortened. Omission counts are available in the audit fields below; consult the original for complete auxiliary material.
Inspect preserved source fields
Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.
{
"templates": [
{
"name": "root",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*per-",
"id": "before"
},
"expansion": ""
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "for-"
},
"expansion": "Middle English for-"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "for-"
},
"expansion": "Old English for-"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*fra-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *fra-"
},
{
"name": "gloss",
"args": {
"1": "\"away, away from\"; see fro, from"
},
"expansion": "(\"away, away from\"; see fro, from)"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*fur-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *fur-"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*pro-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pro-"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "for-"
},
"expansion": "Scots for-"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "fer-"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian fer-"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "ver-"
},
"expansion": "Dutch ver-"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "ver-"
},
"expansion": "German ver-"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "för-"
},
"expansion": "Swedish för-"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "for-"
},
"expansion": "Danish for-"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "for-"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian for-"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐍆𐍂𐌰-"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐍆𐍂𐌰- (fra-)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "pro-"
},
"expansion": "Latin pro-"
}
],
"links": [
[
"for-",
"for-#Middle_English"
],
[
"vor-",
"vor-#Middle_English"
],
[
"ver-",
"ver-#Middle_English"
],
[
"for-",
"for-#Old_English"
],
[
"fer-",
"fer-#Old_English"
],
[
"fær-",
"fær-#Old_English"
],
[
"fyr-",
"fyr-#Old_English"
],
[
"*fra-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/fra-"
],
[
"fro",
"fro#English"
],
[
"from",
"from#English"
],
[
"*fur-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/fur-"
],
[
"*far-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/far-"
],
[
"*pro-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/pro-"
],
[
"*per-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/per-"
],
[
"*pr-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/pr-"
],
[
"for-",
"for-#Scots"
],
[
"fer-",
"fer-#West_Frisian"
],
[
"for-",
"for-#West_Frisian"
],
[
"ver-",
"ver-#Dutch"
],
[
"ver-",
"ver-#German"
],
[
"för-",
"för-#Swedish"
],
[
"for-",
"for-#Danish"
],
[
"for-",
"for-#Norwegian"
],
[
"𐍆𐍂𐌰-",
"𐍆𐍂𐌰-#Gothic"
],
[
"pro-",
"pro-#Latin"
],
[
"for",
"for#English"
]
],
"references": [],
"descendants": [],
"lexical": [
{
"pos": "prefix",
"glosses": [
"Forth: prefixed to verbs to indicate a direction of 'away', 'off', 'forth'.",
"Exhausting: prefixed to verbs with the sense of wearing or exhausting oneself.",
"Destructively: prefixed to verbs with the sense of destruction or pain.",
"Wrongly: prefixed to verbs with the sense of wrongly, amorally."
],
"tags": [
"idiomatic",
"morpheme"
],
"recordId": "94d86d0eba468496acd99fd1f0c80defe2bd154a3003ecfd50a808836bc01ccf",
"rawRecordSha256": "3b98bee9fd9e10d71dc7b92cfa6aab512cd4944d0452a1d5b291f522187815f2",
"sourceRecordOrdinal": 187074
}
],
"omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
"templates": 0,
"links": 0,
"references": 0,
"descendants": 0,
"lexicalRecords": 0,
"lexicalSenses": 7,
"glosses": 0
}
}